Federico Rossetti

Università Degli Studi Roma Tre | UNIROMA3 · Department of Science

The Menderes Massif of western Turkey is a key area to study feedback relationships between magma generation/emplacement and activation of extensional detachment tectonics. Here, we present new textural analysis and in situ U-(Th)-Pb titanite dating from selected samples collected in the transition from the undeformed to the mylonitized zones of th...

Chloritoid and kyanite coexist in metapelites from the high-pressure/low-temperature Massa Unit in the Alpi Apuane metamorphic complex (Northern Apennines, Italy). The composition of chloritoid is extremely variable throughout the Massa Unit. Fe-chloritoid occurs in association with hematite-free, graphite-bearing schists, whereas strongly zoned Fe...

The Siah-Kamar porphyry Mo deposit (SKD) is located at the north-western termination of the Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic arc and it is the only known porphyry Mo ore reserve in Iran. The SKD formed in two main mineralisation stages, at ~ 33-32 Ma (late-stage, disseminated) and ~29-28 Ma (late-stage, high-grade), within a context of a long-lived magmati...

The Alpine orogenic edifice of Corsica (northern Tyrrhenian Sea) offers the possibility to investigate the mode through which continental crust responds to the propagation of regional shortening at convergent plate margins. The geology of Corsica has been traditionally described as separating domains affected by the Alpine tectonism (Alpine Corsica...

The seismogenic fault pattern of the central Apennines of Italy provides a natural laboratory to study interactions and feedbacks between long- and short-term deformation in extensional settings. The Monte Pettino seismogenic fault (MPF) forms the NE basin boundary fault of the Pliocene-Quaternary L’Aquila intermontane basin. The total offset along...

In this contribution, we investigate the space and time distribution of the Cenozoic magmatism and the associated porphyry Cu-Mo ± Au and other hydrothermal (mostly epithermal) ore deposits along the south Caucasus-west Iranian tectono-magmatic belt. We use a comprehensive georeferenced database containing whole-rock and geochronological analyses o...

This study integrates field, geochronological and geochemical data to constrain fluid circulation in the damage and core zone of the seismogenic Monte Morrone Fault System (MMFS), central Apennines (Italy). Faulting along the MMFS evolved from a diffuse deformation at the damage zone towards progressive localisation of a narrower fault core and, fi...

The hinterland of the Cenozoic Northern Apennines fold-and-thrust belt exposes the metamorphic roots of the chain, vestiges of the subduction-related tectono-metamorphic evolution that led to the buildup of the Alpine orogeny in the Mediterranean region. Like in other peri-Mediterranean belts, the tectono-metamorphic evolution of the Paleozoic cont...

The hinterland of the Cenozoic Northern Apennines fold-and-thrust belt exposes the metamorphic roots of the chain, vestiges of the subduction-related tectono-metamorphic evolution that led to the buildup of the Alpine orogeny in the Mediterranean region. Like in other peri-Mediterranean belts, the tectono-metamorphic evolution of the Paleozoic cont...

As part of the Variscan orogen, the Pyrenean realm has undergone several rifting episodes, starting from the Permian-Carboniferous post-orogenic collapse and culminating with mid-Cretaceous lithospheric mantle exhumation. We present the Pressure-Temperature-time-deformation (P-T-t-d) evolution of the tonalite bodies (here described for the first ti...

The subduction of Neotethys oceanic crust beneath Iranian plate along the southern margin of Eurasia during Mesozoic to Cenozoic resulted in the formation of diffused and prolonged arc magmatism, associated with numerous porphyry/epithermal system (PES) deposits. The PES deposits began during Eocene and show a climax during Miocene times, diachrono...

The variety of temporal and structural constraints on the Alpine tectonometamorphic signature of the metamorphic core of the Betic‐Rif orogen (Alboran Domain) has supported a long‐lasting debate regarding the Alpine tectonic and geodynamic evolution of the Western Mediterranean region. Uncertainty still exists on the timing and tectonic significanc...

Back‐arc regions are usually punctuated by pulses of tectonic deformation, lasting for few tens of millions of years. Yet, the origin of those short‐lived deformation episodes is disputed. Here, we compile structural, stratigraphic, geochemical, and geochronological data from Iran and we combine them with a kinematic reconstruction to show that the...

Structural studies in active caldera systems are widely used in geothermal exploration to reconstruct volcanological conceptual models. Active calderas are difficult settings to perform such studies mostly because of the highly dynamic environment, dominated by fast accumulation of primary and secondary volcanic deposits, the variable and transient...

Structural studies in active caldera systems are widely used in geothermal exploration to reconstruct volcanological conceptual models. Active calderas are difficult settings to perform such studies mostly because of the highly dynamic environment, dominated by fast accumulation of primary and secondary volcanic deposits, the variable and transient...

The structural and thermal relaxation overprint associated with the Neogene Alboran rifting have obscured the early Alpine tectono‐metamorphic evolution of the Alboran Domain, representing the metamorphic core of the Betic‐Rif orogen of the western Mediterranean region. This study focuses on the Beni Mzala unit, forming the lower and deeper structu...

The inner Apennines (Italy) are characterized by scattered outcrops of continent‐derived orogenic metamorphic units exposed along the Tyrrhenian coast from northern to southern Apennines. At least since the 1970s, some peculiar rocks exposed on Zannone Island (central Italy) have been described as the only Paleozoic‐Triassic metamorphic complex lin...

This special issue brings together diverse and comprehensive studies on the petrography, geochemistry, geochronology and tectonic setting of Mesozoic-Cenozoic magmatism in Iran, with the aim to better understand its tectono-magmatic and geodynamic evolution.

The Eocene-Miocene Mianeh-Hashtroud igneous district in NW Iran is part of the Turkish-Caucasus-Iranian collision zone, a key region to decipher the assembly and differentiation of Gondwana-derived terranes along the Alpine-Himalayan convergence zone. Major inherited tectonic structures control in space and time the Mesozoic-Cenozoic transition fro...

Numerous studies exist on exhumed tectonic mélanges along subduction channels whereas, in accretionary wedge interiors, deformation mechanisms and related fluid circulation in tectonic mélanges are still underexplored. We combine structural and microstructural observations with geochemical (stable and clumped isotopes and isotope composition of nob...

Resurgent calderas are excellent targets for geothermal exploration, as they are associated with the shallow emplacement of magma, resulting in widespread and long-lasting hydrothermal activity. Resurgence is classically attributed to the uplift of a block or dome resulting from the inflation of the collapse-forming magma chamber due to the intrusi...

We defined deformation mechanisms and syn-tectonic fluid circulation within the Mt. Massico intra-wedge tectonic mélange, developed at depths <5 km and at maximum burial temperature of 140 °C, located in the inner part of the Apennines fold-and-thrust belt, Italy. This mélange developed at the base of a heterogeneous clastic succession, characteriz...

The metamorphic core of the Betic-Rif orogenic chain (Alboran Domain) is made up of lower crustal rocks forming the envelope of the Ronda (Spain) and Beni Bousera (Morocco) peridotites. The deepest sections of the crustal envelopes are made of migmatitic granulites associated with diffuse acidic magmatic products, making these exposure and ideal si...

The Admiralty Mountains region forms the northern termination of the northern Victoria Land, Antarctica. Few quantitative data are available to reconstruct the Cenozoic morpho-tectonic evolution of this sector of the Antarctic plate, where the Admiralty Mountains region forms the northern termination of the western shoulder of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic...

Understanding the anatomy of magma plumbing systems of active volcanoes is essential not only for unraveling magma dynamics and eruptive behaviors but also to define the geometry, depth, and temperature of the heat sources for geothermal exploration. The Pleistocene–Holocene Los Humeros volcanic complex is part of the eastern Trans-Mexican Volcanic...

Zannone is a very important island, located in the Neogene-Quaternary extensional domain of the Tyrrhenian back-arc basin, as it is the unique spot where the Paleozoic (?) crystalline basement is hypotesized to be exposed in central Apennines. The exposure of such hypothetical basement in the Zannone Island is very problematic as it implies very la...

Resurgent calderas represent a target with high potential for geothermal exploration, as they are associated with the shallow emplacement of magma, resulting in a widespread and long lasting hydrothermal activity. Therefore, evaluating the thermal potential of resurgent calderas may provide important insights for geothermal exploitation. Resurgence...

Understanding the anatomy of magma plumbing systems of active volcanoes is essential not only for unraveling magma dynamics and eruptive behaviors, but also to define the geometry, depth and temperature of the heat sources for geothermal exploration. The Pleistocene-Holocene Los Humeros volcanic complex is part of the Eastern Trans-Mexican Volcanic...

The Siah-Kamar Mo deposit (SKMD) is located at the northwestern termination of the Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic zone and it is the only porphyry Mo ore reserve in Iran. The exploration program documented a 39.2 Mt proved reserves @ 539 ppm Mo and 66.4 Mt probable reserves @ 266 ppm Mo. In this study, field and petrographic investigations, integrated wi...

The Mt. Massico ridge (central-southern Apennines, Italy) is characterized by a ~150 m thick tectonic mélange located at the base of a Tortonian-lower Messinian heterogeneous clastic succession consisting of layered sandstones, limestones, marls, and claystones with intercalated mass wasting deposits and isolated olistoliths, which deposited above...

Unraveling the evolution of supradetachment basins developed in the hanging wall of low-angle detachment faults may be an invaluable tool in reconstructing the tectonic evolution of highly extended terrains. These basins may record major regional tectonic events related to the exhumation of metamorphic core complexes, and the reconstruction of thei...

A better understanding of intraplate deformation requires the knowledge of the space-time scales involved in its development and to decipher possible links with the dynamic evolution of the plate boundaries. Central Iran provides an ideal test site to approach this scientific issue, since it is characterised by a prolonged history of Mesozoic-Cenoz...

This edited volume is based on the best papers accepted for presentation during the 1st Springer Conference of the Arabian Journal of Geosciences (CAJG-1), Tunisia 2018. The book is of interest to all researchers in the fields of Structural Geology, Stratigraphy, Ore Deposits, Regional Tectonics and Tectonic Modelling. This volume offers an overvi...

Molybdenum porphyry-type deposits are mainly associated with subduction-related settings, such as volcano-plutonic magmatic arcs, back-arcs and continental collision orogens (Westra and Keith 1981; Taylor et al. 2012). The majority of the porphyry Cu–(Mo, Au) deposits in Iran occur along the Cenozoic Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic zone (Aghazadeh et al....

The Miocene “Corte Blanco Tuff” rhyolite deposit is the product of a large volume and high intensity Plinian eruption from the solitary and monogenetic Ramadas Volcanic Centre (Central Andes, Province of Salta, NW Argentina). The “Corte Blanco Tuff” consists of vitreous tube pumices with rare euhedral sub-millimetric Mn-garnet phenocrysts, typicall...

To assess the tectonic response of near-field and far-field deformation in the upper plate of a subduction/collision system, we present here a thermochronological study on the subduction related-arc Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone (SSZ) and North Central East Iranian Microcontinent (CEIM), respectively as near-field and far-field of the upper plate of Neo-Tet...

The Transantarctic Mountains (TAM) are an imposing topographic feature, forming the western shoulder of the Meso-Cenozoic West Antarctic Rift System. Although the TAM topography is similar to other continental rifts, some aspects such as the high topography and the transition in the mode of crustal extension from orthogonal to oblique rifting durin...

The Kuh-e-Faghan strike-slip fault system (KFF), located to the northern edge of the Lut Block in central Iran, developed through a Neogene-Quaternary pulsed history of eastward fault propagation and fault-related exhumation. This system is a consequence of the residual stresses transmitted from the Arabia-Eurasia convergent plate boundary. Here we...

The Cenozoic deformation history of Central Iran has been dominantly accommodated by the activation of major intra-continental strike-slip fault zones, developed in the hinterland domain of the Arabia-Eurasia convergent margin. Few quantitative temporal and kinematic constraints are available from these strike-slip deformation zones, hampering a fu...

This study is the first documentation of syn-diagenetic non-tectonic contractional deformations observed in two Pleistocene thermogene travertine deposits from the late Miocene-Pleistocene Tuscan extensional-hydrothermal province (Italy). The deposits consist of primary porous beds hosting secondary bed-parallel carbonate veins. The porous beds are...

A polyphase history of oceanic construction and consumption is documented by the distribution of the Tethyan ophiolitic suture zones in Iran. Despite the geodynamic significance of these suture zones, few modern petrological and geochronological data are available from these ophiolitic domains, hampering a full assessment of the timing, thermobaric...

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The Transantarctic Mountains (TAM) are one of the most enigmatic topographic feature around the world growth in response to the extensional tectonics only. The TAM mark the boundary between the East Antarctic craton and the thinned crust of the West Antarctic Rift System one of the largest continental rift domain on Earth, started in the Mesozoic,...

By studying a quarried site exposed in the Ligurian Alps (northern Italy), this work aims to assess the impact of the tectonic structures on the exploitable rock volume characteristics/properties and, more in general, on the three-dimensional quarry architecture for its future exploitation. A field-based, multidisciplinary dataset has been integrat...

Calc-alkaline arc magmatism at convergent plate margins is volumetrically dominated by metaluminous andesites. Many studies highlighted the importance of differentiation via fractionation processes of arc magmas, but only in the last decades, it has been demonstrated that not all rock-forming minerals may affect the evolution of calc-alkaline suite...

The Neogene–Quaternary Albegna basin (southern Tuscany, central Italy), located to the south of the active geothermal field of Monte Amiata, hosts fossil and active thermogene travertine deposits, which are used in this study to reconstruct the spatio-temporal evolution of the feeding hydrothermal system. Travertine deposition is controlled by regi...

A major magmatic flare–up is documented along the Bitlis-Zagros suture zone in Eocene–Oligocene times. The Cenozoic magmatism of intraplate Central iran is an integrant part of this tectono-magmatic scenario. The Cenozoic magmatism of the Sabzevar structural zone consists of mostly intermediate to felsic intrusions and volcanic products. These igne...

Recent works documented Neogene to Quaternary right-lateral strike-slip tectonics along the Kuh-e-Sarhangi and Kuh-e-Faghan intraplate strike-slip faults in the northern edge of Lut Block of Central Iran. However, the topographic response to long-term fault growth, the age, space-time development and geomorphic signal of Quaternary faulting are sti...

Central Iran provides an ideal region in which to study the long-term morphotectonic response to the nucleation and propagation of intraplate faulting. In this study, a multidisciplinary approach that integrates structural and stratigraphic field investigations with apatite (U + Th)/He (AHe) thermochronometry is used to reconstruct the spatio-tempo...

This work integrates U-Th geochronological data and stable isotope (delta13C and delta18O) analysis performed on thermogene travertine deposits exposed along the Neogene-Quaternary tectonic depression of the Albegna Valley (Southern Tuscany, Italy). The aim is twofold: (i) to constrain the timing of the travertine deposition related to the Quaterna...

Mt. Overlord and Mt. Melbourne are part of the fossil-to-active eruptive centre belt of the McMurdo Volcanic Group, located along the western shoulder of the West Antarctic Rift System in north Victoria Land (Antarctica). The formation and localisation of these volcanic centres are intimately connected to the regional fault patterns associated with...

Since the first discovery of ultrahigh pressure (UHP) rocks 30 years ago in the Western Alps, the mechanisms for exhumation of (U)HP terranes worldwide are still debated. In the western Mediterranean, the presently accepted model of synconvergent exhumation (e.g., the channel-flow model) is in conflict with parts of the geologic record. We synthesi...

The West Antarctic Ice Sheet is the most unstable component of the Antarctic cryosphere. Its fluctuations are well documented since the Pliocene, but its behavior over the last 35 m.y. is more controversial, particularly during periods of past high global pCO2 values similar to those predicted in future global climate scenarios. Here we present new...

Definition of the Tertiary tectono-metamorphic history of Alpine Corsica is a key task to decipher the space-time linkage between the Alpine and Apennine subduction systems in the Mediterranean region. Alpine Corsica exposes a nappe stack of oceanic- and continental-derived units, structurally juxtaposed onto the former European continental margin...

Hydrogeological research lacks a standard methodology for supporting the management of groundwater resources in territory planning. The mapping of geological units in terms of their hydrogeological properties (such as permeability, effective infiltration, hydro-capacity) may provide a propaedeutical tool for calibration and validation of regional s...

In recent years, the high incidence of harmful health effects through inhalation of airborne asbestos from amphibole-bearing rock melanges has been thoroughly documented. Here, we present a field-based, multi-scale geological approach aimed at illustrating the occurrence of amphibole fibrous mineralisation in an ophiolitic suite from the Ligurian A...

The Mediterranean offers a unique opportunity to study the driving forces of tectonic deformation within a complex mobile belt. Lithospheric dynamics are affected by slab rollback and collision of two large, slowly moving plates, forcing fragments of continental and oceanic lithosphere to interact. This paper reviews the rich and growing set of con...