Farah Ramin

Farah Ramin
University of Qom · Department of Philosophy

phd

About

65
Publications
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15
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Introduction
Farah Ramin currently works at the Department of Philosophy, University of Qom. Farah does research in Metaphysics. Their current project is 'evolution theory and its moral and theological consequences'.
Additional affiliations
January 2006 - September 2016
University of Qom
Position
  • Professor (Associate)

Publications

Publications (65)
Article
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Many of the Western theists consider the argument of Order not practical for proving the existence of God, however the majority of the Islamic philosophers and theologians have not used it to prove the existence of God, rather they have mentioned its mission to only prove some of the Divine Attributes. This research has done its studies regarding v...
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The specific metaphysical attitude governing fuzzy logic places principles such as fluidity, fuzzyness, existential continuity, and multidimensional knowledge as the basis of the above rules. Mulla Sadra's point of view on the issue of science can be concluded in accordance with fuzzy logic: in terms of the method of discussion in the form of a ser...
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Sleep is a fundamental necessity for humans and other living beings. Throughout history, many thinkers have sought to understand its complexities. Avicenna, in his works, elucidates the nature and mechanism of sleep from two angles: "sleeping," as an essential process for sentient beings, and "dreams," which reflect the effects of sleep on human li...
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The relationship between faith and human free-will has always been discussed in Western and Eastern societies. In this research, the authors have discussed the relationship between faith and free-will and have compared the views of ‘Allāma Ṭabāṭabā’ī and Paul Tillich. ‘Allāma Ṭabāṭabā’ī, while maintaining the free-will in acquisition of faith, rate...
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Mir Mohammad Ismail Khatunabadi, one of the 11th century philosophers of the Tanzihi school of philosophy in Isfahan, has criticized the opinions of other commentators of the book "Al-Kafi", especially Sadrul Mutalahin, in his commentary on "Usul Kafi" under the narrations of "Bab Ruh". This descriptive-analytical article has examined the opinions...
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اصل‬ ‫مبین‬ ‫دین‬ ‫اسالم‬ ‫و‬ ‫به‬ ‫معن‬ ‫ی‬ ‫یگانه‬ ‫خداوند‬ ‫دانستن‬ ‫این‬ ‫است.‬ ‫متاثر‬ ‫توحید‬ ‫از‬ ‫دین‬ ‫اجزاء‬ ‫مانند‬ ‫نیز‬ ‫اسالمی‬ ‫هنر‬ ‫است.‬ ‫جریان‬ ‫در‬ ‫دین،‬ ‫اجزاء‬ ‫سراسر‬ ‫در‬ ‫اصل‬ ‫جلوه‬ ‫به‬ ‫اصل‬ ‫این‬ ‫و‬ ‫بوده‬ ‫تحلیل‬ ‫پژوهش،‬ ‫این‬ ‫اصلی‬ ‫هدف‬ ‫است.‬ ‫متبلور‬ ‫آن‬ ‫در‬ ‫مختلفی‬ ‫های‬ ‫و‬ ‫است‬ ‫اسالمی‬ ‫هنر‬ ‫بر‬ ‫توحید...
Article
Avicenna is one of the most eminent and influential Persian philosophers and scientists whose philosophical and medical works are of high significance all over the world. Using descriptive analysis, the present study aims to deal with philosophical, physiological, and psychological aspects of human love and lovesickness from his perspective. His an...
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Teleological researches about the world of nature provided the ground for different interpretations of the argument from design. By emphasizing purposefulness or the nature as having goals, Anthony Kenny has a major contribution in the development of analytical Thomism. With an analytical-critical method, we intend in this research to answer this q...
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This paper has two objectives: first, to provide an explanation and analysis of Anselm and Plantinga's ontological argument based on the interpretation of William Rowe, a contemporary atheist, and second, to determine the place of the fallacy of " begging the question" in this argument. After presenting the criticisms of Anselm's interpretation of...
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By a comparison between the definition of life and death in Modern Medicine and Avicenna’s view, it is perceived that each of them has looked at the above concepts from their special perspective. The topic of Avicenna’s view is the being of life and the topic of Modern Medicine is the origin, appearance, and impressions of life. In his philosophica...
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Beauty and its nature are of the most controversial philosophical topics among philosophers. Among the ancient Greek and medieval philosophers, beauty, goodness, truth, and justice have been raised. Some Western thinkers have raised beauty and its truth in such a way that it led to the emergence of one of the arguments for proving the existence of...
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According to the scientific developments after the renaissance and by provision the ground for the beginning of the emergence of theological doubts related to experimental sciences, it is necessary to revive the interaction between these sciences in a scientific way, away from prejudice and stagnation; In such a way that each science maintains its...
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One of the most influential versions of the evidential argument from evil was put forth by contemporary American philosopher William Rowe. He believes that frequency of evils and certain particular instances of evil in the world provide a rational context of evidence against theism. In contrast, critics try to uncover flaws in his argument. Rowe di...
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While discussions on beauty in the works of philosophers like Plato, Aristotle, Pythagoreans, and others have been documented, it became a significant epistemological domain from the 18th century onwards. The connection between beauty and its truth has been articulated among Western philosophers as evidence for God's existence. The nature of the ae...
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Thomas Aquinas’s purposeful argument and William Paley’s watchmaker argument are the two prominent types of analogical commentaries that confront serious critiques. This research to answer these questions has been arranged: what is the difference between Aquinas’s argument and Paley’s one? Are the analogical speeches able to prove the existence of...
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Graham Oppy is an analytical philosopher in the contemporary era. He confirms the rationality of theistic beliefs, as well as non-theistic belief, but he does not consider them successful for arguing about or against God. A successful argument in general is one which ought to persuade all reasonable persons who have reasonable views about this subj...
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Undoubtedly, one of the most common origins of theism that theologians have long considered is the argument of order. This argument, which in Immanuel Kant's philosophical literature takes the name of physico-theological argument, is based on analogical interpretations in classical interpretations. Kant has a two-pronged view of this argument. Befo...
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Emotional intelligence is a fundamental element of human behavior that operates separately from cognitive intelligence. This intelligence, by balancing emotions and intellect, can maximize human success. Allameh Tabatabai believes that practical intellect can benefit human beings by modifying emotions. Thus, emotional intelligence can be defined in...
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The fundamental question in the realm of epistemology is the quality of origin and how the mind achieves general concepts. In this study, we seek to answer the question: How is it possible to know the general principles through the partial principles? In the history of philosophy, two important currents, Platonic and Aristotelian, have been formed...
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With the dramatic advancement in physics and its sub-fields such as cosmology and quantum physics, teleological arguments for the existence of God, especially the fine-tuning argument came to the spotlight in theological discussions. Along with the widespread support for this argument, various challenges also have been raised against this argument...
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n the recent decade, the proponents of the Common Consent Argument have considered traditional interpretations of this argument futile, and instead, have presented a new format of this reasoning that was relying on the common agreement among people in many historical periods in the past, it provides the best explanation of the truth of theism. The...
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In order to find a way to analyze metaphysics, Kant introduced four types of propositions in his philosophy. After analyzing these propositions, only analytic a posteriori propositions can be considered as a general title for all propositions and through them, a more accurate way to measure external truth and falsehood of propositions can be propos...
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Because of his philosophical method in studying nature and his attempt to intellectually prove natural propositions, Aristotle always sought to obtain perpetual and metaphysical results from the relationships in the universe. For this reason, natural philosophy lacked features such as falsifiability. With the scientific developments in Europe, this...
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Robert Tennant is one of the first philosophers who tried to solve the conflict between the Order Argument and the theory of evolution. Accepting the theory of evolution, he emphasized on the purposeful characteristic of the evolution process. His inductive explanation of the Order Argument is based on the order in the world as a whole and he draw...
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The pre-eternity and temporal contingency of the soul has been one of the concerns of Muslim philosophers. Sheikh Ishraq, based on his philosophical principles and special arguments, believes in the temporal contingency of the soul. He believes that the soul, simultaneously with the creation of the material body, occurs as an abstract entity. The c...
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Anselm's has been one of the most controversial ontological arguments and the origin of other versions of such arguments. According to Graham Oppy, the argument can be subsumed under modal, Meinongian, or conceptual arguments. He believes that one source of Anselm’s ontological argument was Avicenna’s modal ontological argument. In this paper, I se...
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Aesthetics as a branch of philosophy deals with beauty, ugliness, and value of objects. In the belief of Islamic thinkers, beautiful things in this world are useful reflections of the absolute beauty that is Great God. The origin of art also traces back to some divine attributes of God including being creator, omnipotent, and subtle. The present st...
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Enlightenment for the Prophet of Islam enumerates the three virtues of manhood, prophethood and mission. This article intends to study the views of Shahrour in an analytical-critical way, to open a new chapter for the defense of beliefs and their consolidation, and to provide appropriate answers for the modern thinkers of the Qur'an. The findings o...
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In the present era, theorists try to explain the phenomenon of peace in the world through political theories, one of which is pacifism. Anti-war pacifism is considered the most common type of pacifism, because war is one of the main issues in international diplomacy. In this study, the initial aim is to provide a general overview of pacifism and it...
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It is beyond doubt that during the last three and half centuries, all intellectual schools of thought in Iran have been influenced by Mullā Sadrā's philosophy. He is considered to be among the Prime Theoretician of Islamic intellectual sciences. One of Sadrā's innovations in philosophy is the doctrine of the trans-substantial motion. The concept of...
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In this paper, we compare between Ontological Argument and Seddiqin Argument and we assume that these Arguments represent two metaphysical point of view (Idealism and Originality of Being) and we assume that with regarding this representation, we can thought on these argument in more correct way. In our view, Ontological Argument is based on Ideali...
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Graham Oppy has been heavily criticized The proofs of God's existence. He acknowledges the rationality of traditional proofs of the existence of God, but does not consider them "successful" in proving God. His criterion for the success of an argument is all the wise men who had previously rejected the result or they were agnosticism to it, convince...
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Evolutionary meta-ethics is an emerging philosophical study of the relationship between theory of evolution and evolutionary meta-ethics. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of evolutionary factors on various planes of meta-ethics, and attempt to answer this question: can theory of evolution (presumed as true) strengthen or weake...
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مرگ به عنوان واقعیتی اجتناب ناپذیر موضوع مطالعه مکاتب مختلف فلسفی است . پیوند عمیق فلسفه ورزي و مرگ اندیشی سبب شده است که فیلسوفانی مانند شوپنهاور و صدرا به این امر به تفصیل بپردازند. این مقاله در پی پاسخ گویی به این سؤال است که آیا میتوان در تفکر شوپنهاور و ملاصدرا نوعی دیالوگ در باب چیستی و ماهیت مرگ انسان برقرار کرد؟ از نظر شوپنهاور، مرگ از بین...
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It is believed that the recent era has revived the flourishing of Mahdi's belief among the Zaidis, especially the Zaidan of Yemen. This reveals the need to address the teachings of Mahdiism and to answer the doubts of the followers of Zaidi in the early centuries of Islam. Although a small number of Zaidians resemble to Imamieh about Mahdi's though...
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Ollowing written is aimed at the answer to this question which is based on Ahl_e_beit's (peace Fbe upon them) narratives that universal dominion of holiness Mahdi ( soon be his epiphany), what effects and consequences whill bring from the point of view of training? What understood from the statements of innocent people about this issue is that Imam...
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One of the subjects that link mathematics and philosophy is the "infinite dimension". William Craig, an American philosopher and theologian, has attempted to prove through mathematics the non-realization of infinite events in the world and thus proves the temporality of the universe. Describing this argument as a Kalam cosmological argument, he dra...
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At this ‘needy time’ in which humanity has been deteriorated into just dominance over nature through modern technicity, Martin Heidegger introduced art as the only way to overcome this modernity crisis. Art has a special place in the perspective of this German philosopher. Art in its ontological sense is the manifestation of truth; and the truth it...
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‫The argument of ‘public consensus’ is a popular argument founded on the basis of all humans’ belief in God’s existence. Although it seems that the argument lacks the strength of other arguments, it is somewhat justified and acceptable. Evidences show that the majority of human beings believe in the existence of a meta-physical being; thus, many ph...
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In the history of philosophy, very few arguments have grabbed the attention of intellectuals as strongly as ontological arguments have. Graham Oppy, the contemporary Australian philosopher of religion, is an atheist who has considered different versions of ontological arguments in order to uncover their weakness. In this paper, we deal with how Opp...
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In the history of philosophy, very few arguments have grabbed the attention of intellectuals as strongly as ontological arguments have. Graham Oppy, the contemporary Australian philosopher of religion, is an atheist who has considered different versions of ontological arguments in order to uncover their weakness. In this paper, we deal with how Opp...
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Death as an inevitable reality is a subject of study in various philosophical schools. This concept can be reviewed within three realms: semantics, ontology, and epistemology. The objective of this article is to examine death within the ontological realm in the thoughts of Mullā Sadrā and Schopenhauer, and it attempts to answer the question whether...
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This study aims to present a new interpretation of the theory of evolution and its compatibility with intelligent design based on special views of Peter van Inwagen. This article which is conducted by descriptive analysis relies on library research findings. Peter van Inwagen, an American analytical philosopher and one of the leading figures in met...
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Maurice Merleau-Ponty, the French existentialist and phenomenologist, tries to bridge the gap between the soul and the body which was created in Descartes’s philosophy. Thus, he provides a new method for the description of the human experience in the world, and instead of reliance on ideas, he offers a phenomenology of perception. In his Phenomenol...
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The nature of life has obsessed the philosophers and scientists for long. One of the sciences that has a very close relationship with the concept of life is biology. Biology uses two approaches to address the concept of life: the list-oriented and the science-oriented. In the list-oriented approach, the definite distinction between living and non-l...
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Evolutionary ethics in the normative field concerns the impact of evolutionary biology on the content of normative facts and the obligations based on these facts. The aim of current research is to consider the impact of evolutionary biology in the realm of normative ethics and is an attempt to answer this question: can biological factors influence...
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Intelligent Design (ID) is an attempt to defend the idea that the order of nature bears marks of its Creator. This image of the concept has a historical root to ancient Greek philosophy. ID argues that science and theology support each other, when they are rightly understood. Under the influence of investigations of modern sciences –especially biol...
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This research is a new attempt in order to study the effect of evolution theory in the dimension of empirical ethics. In the contemporary area the evolutionary ethics is in the three branches: descriptive، prescriptive and meta-ethics. The descriptive evolutionary ethics tries to modify human’s ethical believes in the evolutionary aspect and achiev...
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The Transcendent Theosophy (al-hikmat al-muta ‘aliyah)is one the well-known schools of Islamic philosophy . This school, has combined gnostic intuition with Aristotelian reasoning and opened up a new and fascinating path in front of the researchers and scholars. The Transcendent Theosophy is a new intellectual outlook in the Islamic world. Many res...
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The teleological argument has long been of interest to philosophers and theologians. Despite the convergence of the content of this argument with the themes of revelation, there are many disagreements over the essence, fundamentals, premises and results of this argument. Dealing with the nature of the concept of order, determining the examples of o...
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Richard Swinburne is a one of those contemporary philosophers who refers to inductive reasoning to provide explanation for theism. Utilizing the principle of credulity and simplicity، and by distinguishing the temporal orders from spatial orders، he attempts to strengthen the probability of the God existence. Swinburne tries to answer to the limit-...
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By laying down the principles of probabilities arithmetic, Mohammad Baqir Sadr tried to offer a new reading of argument from design to be efficient for proving the Necessary. The concept of probability has particular complexities and dual meaning from its very initial proposition (statistical probability and epistemological probability). This duali...
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Quantum theory poses itself to be a challenging counterpart to the Intelligent Design argument. Quantum physics founded upon uncertainty، probability and statistics has exerted great influence since its inception on the philosophical thinking of man. The findings of this theory has helped bring about a dramatic transformation in the notion of ‘orde...
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The second law of thermodynamic (entropy principle) is of special theo-philosophical importance. It seems that this law, which is renowned as “the death of software design” and despite the order in the world, is like an incompatible universal. This article examines the concept of entropy in the three temperature, statistic, and information applicat...
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The design argument faced with big different writings in its Western background so that these writings have essential difference with each others. The design argument is posteriori demonstration for the existence of God which by analogy or induction and partial or general instances of the order in nature tries to affirm the intelligent designer. Si...
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مسألة اختیار آدمی از جمله موضوعات مهمی است که در آراء صدرالمتألهین به‌عنوان مؤسس حکمت متعالیه و یاسپرس به‌عنوان یکی از فلاسفه خدامدار بی‌دین اگزیستانسیالیست، مطرح است. در تطبیق آراء این دو فیلسوف، با توجه به افق و مبانی فکری متفاوت این دو تفکر، همواره باید جانب احتیاط را رعایت کرد. توجه یاسپرس به انسان و تأکید بر وجود ساحتی اصلی به نام نفس یا اگزیس...
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Man’s free will is one of the important issues dealt with by two philosophers: Sadr-ol-Mote' allehin, founder of “transcendent theosophy”, and Jaspers, an atheistic existentialist philosopher. To compare the ideas of these two philosophers, regarding the differences between the basics elements of their thoughts, a cautious approach is necessary. In...
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Utopianism is rooted in humans perfectionist nature .Many thinkers throughout the history viewed their community from different angles and have developed utopias .Meanwhile ,"Utopia" of Thomas More is very well known ,because of its comprehensiveness and is considered the most important utopia after Renaissance. Since the beliefs and knowledge are...
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With regard to close relation between evolution theory and religious knowledge, and its prodigious influence on arising new schools in philosophy this paper firstly considers the outcome of Darwin's theologian theory in brief secondly it talks about recent controversies such as: ambiguity of Fitness concept, tautology and the usage of probability c...
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Charles Hartshorne is associated with the contemporary process theology. He is considered the sole philosopher who has recorded the design argument in a priori form. His argument has been formed on the basis of his view of reality. He considers the orderly world as an organic body with an image of change and interrelated events; and with a social c...
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Big Bang theory is a theory in cosmology from which scientific deists have inferred theistic conclusions. The author examines the above-mentioned theory and the rival theories and tries to explicate the influence of this theory on the teleological arguments. Presupposing that one should avoid drawing theological conclusions from the scientific theo...

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