Faical Azouaou

• PhD
• Lecturer at Ecole supérieure en Sciences et Technologies de l'Informatique et du Numérique

Any unexpected event, undesirable change or situation can bring about both threats and opportunities for individuals, groups, teams, organisations and states. Times of crisis subject an organisation, whatever its form (company, administration, association, etc.), to a new situation, leading to an organisational vacuum in which organisational routin...

User matching across various social networks has received a significant attention in the recent years. Several approaches have been evaluated including discrete user attributes, text mining, network analysis, and more recently machine learning. However, there is a lack of publicly available labeled datasets for this task. Our contribution is twofol...

In academia, plagiarism is certainly not an emerging concern, but it became of a greater magnitude with the popularisation of the Internet and the ease of access to a worldwide source of content, rendering human-only intervention insufficient. Despite that, plagiarism is far from being an unaddressed problem, as computer-assisted plagiarism detecti...

Tout évènement inattendu, situation ou changement indésirable peut être porteur aussi bien de menaces que d’opportunités pour les individus, groupes, équipes, organisations, états. La crise soumet l’organisation à une situation nouvelle, entraînant un vide organisationnel. La résilience est la capacité des acteurs en place d’interagir avec leur env...

Les organisations (quelques soient leur formes) sont confrontées à des changements de plus en plus fréquents, de leur environnement technologique, socio-économique voire écologique. Le numérique/digital particulièrement, ne cesse d’influencer aussi bien leurs stratégies que leur structures, processus, ressources humaine et systèmes d’information. I...

In this paper, an approach for hate speech detection against women in Arabic community on social media (e.g. Youtube) is proposed. In the literature, similar works have been presented for other languages such as English. However, to the best of our knowledge, not much work has been conducted in the Arabic language. A new hate speech corpus (Arabic\...

In this paper, we propose a semi-supervised approach for sentiment analysis of Arabic and its dialects. This approach is based on a sentiment corpus, constructed automatically and reviewed manually by Algerian dialect native speakers. This approach consists of constructing and applying a set of deep learning algorithms to classify the sentiment of...

A corpus-based sentiment analysis approach for messages written in Arabic and its dialects is presented and implemented. The originality of this approach resides in the automation construction of the annotated sentiment corpus, which relies mainly on a sentiment lexicon that is also constructed automatically. For the classification step, shallow an...

Purpose This paper aims to propose an approach for hate speech detection against politicians in Arabic community on social media (e.g. Youtube). In the literature, similar works have been presented for other languages such as English. However, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, not much work has been conducted in the Arabic language. Design/me...

This paper presents an analytic study showing that it is entirely possible to analyze the sentiment of an Arabic dialect without constructing any resources. The idea of this work is to use the resources dedicated to a given dialect \textit{X} for analyzing the sentiment of another dialect \textit{Y}. The unique condition is to have \textit{X} and \...

Link streams model interactions over time in a wide range of fields. Under this model, the challenge is to mine efficiently both temporal and topological structures. Community detection and change point detection are one of the most powerful tools to analyze such evolving interactions. In this paper, we build on both to detect stable community stru...

Arabizi is a form of written Arabic which relies on Latin letters, numerals and punctuation rather than Arabic letters. In literature most of the works are concentrated in the study of Arabic neglecting the study of Arabizi. To conduct automatic translation and sentiment analysis, some approaches tend to handle it like any other language while othe...

Purpose This paper aims to propose an approach to automatically annotate a large corpus in Arabic dialect. This corpus is used in order to analyse sentiments of Arabic users on social medias. It focuses on the Algerian dialect, which is a sub-dialect of Maghrebi Arabic. Although Algerian is spoken by roughly 40 million speakers, few studies address...

To determine whether a document or a sentence expresses a positive or negative sentiment, three main approaches are commonly used: the lexicon-based approach, corpus-based approach, and a hybrid approach. The study of sentiment analysis in English has the highest number of sentiment analysis studies, while research is more limited for other languag...

Link streams model interactions over time in a wide range of fields. Under this model, the challenge is to mine efficiently both temporal and topological structures. Community detection and change point detection are one of the most powerful tools to analyze such evolving interactions. In this paper, we build on both to detect stable community stru...

Many people are exposed daily to different forms of terrorist threats on social networks, which make the control and detection of these contents paramount. We propose in this article, a system of detection of publications related to terrorism in the social network Twitter based on SVM (Simple Vector Machine). We established a 12-step process for an...

Arabic is recognised as the 4th most used language of the Internet. Arabic has three main varieties: (1) classical Arabic (CA), (2) Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), (3) Arabic Dialect (AD). MSA and AD could be written either in Arabic or in Roman script (Arabizi), which corresponds to Arabic written with Latin letters, numerals and punctuation. Due to...

Arabic is recognised as the 4th most used language of the Internet. Arabic has three main varieties: (1) classical Arabic (CA), (2) Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), (3) Arabic Dialect (AD). MSA and AD could be written either in Arabic or in Roman script (Arabizi), which corresponds to Arabic written with Latin letters, numerals and punctuation. Due to...

Most of the sentiment analysis tools process only Modern Standard Arabic (MSA). Indeed, few dialects are considered by the actual tools, in particular Algerian dialect where we do not identify any free tool carrying texts of this dialect. In this article we present a tool for sentiment analysis of messages written in Algerian dialect. This tool is...

Data annotation is an important but time-consuming and costly procedure. To sort a text into two classes, the very first thing we need is a good annotation guideline, establishing what is required to qualify for each class. In the literature, the difficulties associated with an appropriate data annotation has been underestimated. In this paper, we...

A hybrid approach for the transliteration of Algerian Arabizi: A primary study In this paper, we present a hybrid approach for the transliteration of the Algerian Arabizi. We define a set of rules enable us the passage from Arabizi to Arabic. Through these rules, we generate a set of candidates for the transliteration of each Arabizi word into arab...

Data annotation is an important but time-consuming and costly procedure. To sort a text into two classes, the very first thing we need is a good annotation guideline, establishing what is required to qualify for each class. In the literature, the difficulties associated with an appropriate data annotation has been underestimated. In this paper, we...

Dans cet article, nous présentons une approche hybride pour la translittération de l’arabizi algérien. Nous avons élaboré un ensemble de règles permettant le passage de l’arabizi vers l’arabe. Á partir de ces règles nous générons un ensemble de candidats pour la translittération de chaque mot en arabizi vers l’arabe, et un parmi ces candidats sera...

Ontology matching is critical for data integration and interoperability. Original ontology matching approaches relied solely on the content of the ontologies to align. However, these approaches are less effective when equivalent concepts have dissimilar labels and are structured with different modeling views. To overcome this semantic heterogeneity...

Community structure is one of the most prominent features of complex networks. Community structure detection is of great importance to provide insights into the network structure and functionalities. Most proposals focus on static networks. However, finding communities in a dynamic network is even more challenging, especially when communities overl...

Community structure is one of the most prominent features of complex networks. Community structure detection is of great importance to provide insights into the network structure and functionalities. Most proposals focus on static networks. However, finding communities in a dynamic network is even more challenging, especially when communities overl...

With Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) proliferation, online learners are exposed to various challenges. Therefore, the lack of personalized recommendation of MOOCs can drive learners to choose irrelevant MOOCs and then lose their motivation and surrender the learning process. Recommender System (RS) plays an important role in assisting learners...

In the decision support process, the economic intelligence actors use mental efforts and considerable cognitive activities to solve decisional problems; they deal with a large mass of digital documents during their activities. To facilitate their activities, they use different types of annotations on the manipulated document. To exploit the benefit...

Arabic is the official language spoken by 350 million people living in 22 countries in the world. However, this language is in state of diglossia where it lives with many dialects. A lot of research works have been done on the treatment of Arabic dialects. The Arabic Dialects are considered as under-resourced languages. Hence, many works are orient...

The arabizi is the combination between the latine letters and the number in the same word. The transliteration is the process of transforming the text from one alphabet to another. In our case, it consists to transform arabizi to Arabic. The transliteration is considered as the first compound of automatic translation when users combine between diff...

Research on Arabic Dialect Treatment has recently become important in the literature. Although most work on these dialects considers only the messages or the portion of text written in Arabic letters, another style of writing has emerged on social media. This style is known by Arabizi and combines between Latin letters and numbers. To address this...

During the last ten years, the interest of Arabic dialects treatment has greatly increased. This increase is mainly attributed to the large use of these dialects in social media. The works on Arabic dialects can be classified into four categories: basic analysis, resource construction , identification of Arabic dialects and semantic analysis on Ara...

Opinion mining and sentiment analysis in social media is a research issue having a great interest in the scientific community. However, before begin this analysis, we are faced with a set of problems. In particular, the problem of the richness of languages and dialects within these media. To address this problem, we propose in this paper an approac...

Machine transliteration is a very important research area in the field of machine translation. Neural Machine transliteration (NMTR) is a new approach to machine transliteration that has shown promising results. However research on NMTR of Arabic has just begun to give results while no research has been done on neural transliteration of Arabic dial...

This paper presents a novel background knowledge approach which selects and combines existing mappings from a given biomedical ontology repository to improve ontology alignment. Current background knowledge approaches usually select either manually or automatically a limited number of di�erent ontologies and use them as a whole for back- ground kno...

Even if multilingual ontologies are now more common, for historical reasons, in the biomedical domain, many ontologies or terminologies have been translated from one natural language to another resulting in two potentially aligned ontologies but with their own specificity (e.g., format, developers, and versions). Most often, there is no formal repr...

Recently, a lot of research focuses on knowledge management and reuse. Pertinent reuse can facilitate learning, knowledge creation and sharing. In this research, we focus on the knowledge capitalization and reuse within Communities of Practice of E-learning (CoPEs). These communities are a virtual framework for exchanging and sharing techno-pedagog...

The use of web services in the field of e-learning has increased, however, in view of the significant number of these services; proper selection is needed to improve their effectiveness and contribution. We propose in this paper a system of personalized web service recommendation during online training. The objective is to assist learners in their...

This article aims to present ESITrace, an e-learning-dedicated trace collector. ESITrace collects different kinds of traces produced by the learner while doing his learning activities, in the context of a Web based learning environment. This tool is a keylogger that collects two kinds of traces: involuntary ones, called simply “traces” and annotati...

This paper addresses the need to support learning and teaching in higher education context. We consider the collaboration between instructors and between learners through online communities. We focus on semantic wikis as platforms allowing innovative means for creating and sharing knowledge between members of those communities. We propose an Adapti...

Annotating pedagogical documents is a common habit among learners, thus, considering learners' annotation activity in education system and especially in technology enhanced learning can have many benefits for learners. However, the annotation practice by oneself is not sufficient in helping a learner to work and better understand his pedagogic docu...

In this paper, we propose a model of semantic annotation suitable for learners. It is used to implement a web annotation tool WebAnnot which enables the learners to annotate their pedagogical documents with graphical and semantic annotations. The annotation semantics is built using both generic and learning domain ontologies. WebAnnot provides two...

We address in this paper the need of improving knowledge reusability within online Communities of Practice of E-learning (CoPEs). Our approach is based on contextual semantic annotations. An ontological-based contextual semantic annotation model is presented. The model serves as the basis for implementing a context aware annotation system called “C...

Knowledge capitalization is one of many problems facing online communities of practice (CoPs). Knowledge accumulated through the participation in the community must be capitalized for future reuse. Most of proposals are specific and focus on knowledge modeling disregarding the reuse of that knowledge. In this paper, we are particularly interested o...

This paper presents an adaptive semantic wiki dedicated to CoPs made up of actors from the higher education context (faculties, lecturers, teaching assistants, lab assistants). The wiki called ASWiki-CoPs (Adaptive Semantic Wiki for CoPs) is based on the semantic web technologies in order to enhance the knowledge sharing and reuse, offering the fun...

In this article, we propose a new method TKVM (Teacher's Knowledge Visualization Method) to map school teachers' knowledge by using their school website content. We use then this generated knowledge to create knowledge-driven cartographies. School websites are essential to share information and data between users, but the knowledge contained in the...

This article proposes a new approach called PAML (Personal Annotation Memory for Learner) which aims to help learners in their learning process using the annotation activity. With our approach, the learner can build his own external memory, which is the set of whole annotations he creates on his pedagogical documents. We use also the annotation act...

This article describes a conceptual model and a global architecture for a context-aware annotation based-memory. This memory aims to help the teacher to create and manage semantic annotations on his pedagogical documents, during the teaching process. This digital annotation-based memory is context-aware in order to offer the teacher an improved usa...

Résumé. Cet article vise à définir une ontologie de la sémantique des annotations de l’apprenant afin de la réutiliser dans un outil d’annotation pédagogique. L’ensemble des annotations créées par l’apprenant avec cet outil, constitue une mémoire pédagogique pour ‘l’apprenant. Nous commençons par définir les concepts de mémoire externe et d’annotat...

Cet article décrit un modèle conceptuel et une architecture globale pour une mémoire d’annotation context-aware. Cette mémoire permet à l’enseignant de gérer les annotations qu’il créées sur ses documents pédagogiques et adapte son comportement aux différents contextes de l’activité de cet enseignant, lui offrant ainsi une grande utilisabilité...

This article aims at defining semantic annotation o ntology of the learner, in order to use it in a pedagogical annotation tool . All the annotations created by the learner with this tool constitute a pedagogical memory for him.. To identify and model the annotation semantics, we develop an ontology of annotation objectives using the approach propo...

Designing ontologies that could be shared for developing ontology-based learning environments is still a challenge. The overall aim of the OURAL project was to provide a case study on common ontology design. It brought together researchers and practitioners from different domains (educational science, computer science, and cognitive psychology). We...

L'ingénierie des EIAH fondée sur des ontologies est un sujet qui a déjà donné matière à de nombreuses publications, mais sa mise en pratique est encore rare et très récente. Le projet OURAL a eu pour objectifs de faire travailler ensemble plusieurs partenaires qui avaient à concevoir et développer des services pour la formation en ligne. Il a étudi...

Within the technology enhanced learning research area, this thesis aims at defining and proposing to teachers a computerized memory as a personal knowledge management tool. This memory is based on the annotations that he has made on his pedagogical documents. The proposed memory extends the teacher's cognitive capacities by assisting him unobtrusiv...

In this article, starting from MemoNote pattern functionalities enabling teacher to memorize semantic and personal annotations, our objective is to extend them with context-aware capabilities. MemoNote uses annotation patterns to deduce annotation semantics from the form chosen by the teacher. We specify the annotation context, its capture from ele...

The objective of this article is to study and model the annotation context, to be used as a basis to design context- aware annotation functionalities dedicated to the teacher into the MemoNote tool. MemoNote tool is a semantic and personal annotation tool dedicated to teachers,. Starting from a specification of context and more precisely annotation...

This article aims at proposing a flexible and extensible architecture for the context-aware annotation tool MemoNote dedicated to education. For that aim we define the configurations in which MemoNote must be able to adapt to context. The proposed architecture is assessed against scenarios based on these configurations

La fouille d’opinions et analyse de sentiments au sein des médias sociaux représente une piste de recherche suscitant un grand intérêt de la communauté scientifique. Néanmoins avant de procéder à cette analyse, nous sommes confrontés à un ensemble de problématiques. La première concerne la richesse des langues et dialectes au sein de ces médias. Af...

The semantic annotation tool MemoNote [1] dedicated to teacher enables teacher to annotate digital documents with his own comments and point of view as on paper. The annotations created in the tool have an explicit semantics for both teacher and machine. To assist the teacher to rapidly and fluently create these semantic annotations, the tool provi...

In this paper, we propose a model of semantic annotations suitable for teachers. It is aimed at implementing a tool that provides teachers with a digital memory based on annotations, as a basis. The model adapts to teachers' activities with regard to both their pedagogical and domain expertise. We analyse the specifics of an annotation language tha...

This article aims to propose a personal knowledge management tool based on annotation, MemoNote, dedicated to teacher. The teacher is considered as a knowledge worker. MemoNote makes use of the teacher's annotation activity to memorize his/her personal conception about the document content, (in particular the domain and the pedagogy knowledge). Thi...

Cet article a pour objectif de proposer une architecture flexible et extensible pour l'outil d'annotation MemoNote. Cet outil permet de créer des annotations subjectives et sémantiques sur des documents pédagogiques, tout en étant capable de s'adapter au contexte courant de l'annotateur. Nous définissons les différentes configurations dans lesquell...

This article aims at defining a context ontology of teacher's personal annotation, in order to use it in a context-aware annotation tool "MemoNote". Starting from a general definition of the context and its application to teacher's annotation, we define the uses of active and passive contexts in MemoNote (annotation ontologies selection, annotation...

This article aims to propose a model of semantic annotation dedicated to the teacher. This model must adapt to the teacher's activity specificity, who needs to master both a pedagogical and domain expertise. In this paper, we analyze the particularity of the teacher's annotation language that enables the teacher to express his own expertise. First,...

This paper aims at providing the specification for semantic annotation tools for e-learning. From the specific requirements of annotating learning material, we categorize and evaluate the existing annotation tools, mainly general purpose ones. We illustrate two research prototypes of annotation tools we developed, and evaluate to what extend the sp...

Cet article a pour objet de présenter les formalismes définis pour des mémoires de formation à base d'annotations au sein du projet MICA. Il explicite les objectifs de la recherche et les exigences que cela apporte sur les outils visés. Une étude des travaux de la littérature sur les annotations et leurs formalismes montre qu'ils ne couvrent que de...

This article aims at presenting the formalisms we defined for annotation-based training memories within the MICA project. It elaborates the objectives of the project and the requirements these objectives put on the tool to be implemented. A study of the literature is used to establish our formalism. Based on ontologies, they structure the annotatio...

Cet article a pour objet de présenter les formalismes définis pour des mémoires de formation à base d'annotations au sein du projet MICA. Il explicite les objectifs de la recherche et les exigences que cela apporte sur les outils visés. Une étude des travaux de la littérature sur les annotations et leurs formalismes montre qu'ils ne couvrent que de...

This paper describes the specification of the MemoNote tool. This tool provides learners and teachers with a memory of their interaction with documents. It is based on annotations they add directly on educational documents, to be remembered later. Based on a description of the tool requirements, a precise specification of internal and external beha...