Fabrizio Bambini

• Marche Polytechnic University

Nowadays, custom-made subperiosteal implants are emerging as a solution in all those cases where there is lack of healthy bone tissue to support endosseous implants. The development of innovative techniques has allowed the production of grids that precisely match the patient’s anatomy. Elucidating the impact of laser-melted Ti6Al4V grids on both ha...

Body piercings, particularly those performed in the oral cavity, have become increasingly popular due to their aesthetic appeal and cultural significance. While oral piercings, including those on the tongue, lips, and other intraoral sites, are often considered safe, they are associated with a range of potential complications. These can be categori...

Aim: This paper explores the etiology, consequences, and treatment strategies for transverse skeletal deficiencies in orthodontics, focusing on treatment duration and growth prediction models. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature review encompassed embryological development, environmental factors, clinical presentations, and treatment...

Aim: This paper explores the transformative role of artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning (DL) in orthodontics, focusing on diagnostic precision, treatment planning, and monitoring, as well as its impact on cephalometry, aligner design, and airway assessment. Materials and Methods: A systematic review of English-language studies published...

The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 has redefined healthcare practices globally, revealing intricate connections between systemic and oral health. This review explores the impact of COVID-19 on the oral cavity (O.C.), focusing on viral transmission, oral manifestations, pathophysiological mechanisms, and clinical implications. By examining the molecular pro...

Odontomas are the most prevalent benign odontogenic tumors, and they are frequently discovered by chance during standard radiography exams. They are categorized into complicated and compound types according to their radiological and histological features. Even though they are often asymptomatic, odontomas can result in serious dental issues such im...

Skeletal Class III malocclusion (Cl III) presents a significant orthodontic challenge, particularly in growing patients requiring interceptive treatment to achieve effective functional and aesthetic correction. This review compares various orthopedic devices and therapeutic protocols used in Cl III correction, identifying the most effective options...

This review explores the utilization of platelet-rich products-platelet-rich plasma (PRP), platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), and concentrated growth factors (CGF)-in maxillary sinus floor elevation (MSFE) as a means of enhancing bone regeneration for dental implant placement. Tooth extraction frequently leads to bone loss, making augmentation essential f...

Clear aligners (CAs) have revolutionized orthodontic care, offering aesthetically pleasing, comfortable, and practical solutions for correcting malocclusions. Among their various applications, dental distalization, a crucial movement for treating Class II malocclusions and managing dental crowding, has become a focus of modern orthodontics. This re...

Transverse maxillary deficiency is among the most common skeletal irregularities encountered in orthodontics, affecting 8-22% of patients. This condition is characterized by a narrow maxilla, leading to functional and aesthetic challenges, including dental crowding, crossbites, and malocclusions such as Class II and III. Beyond these dental concern...

Aim. This review investigates the bidirectional relationship between subjective tinnitus and somatosensory disorders, focusing on temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and cervical spine dysfunctions (CSD). It seeks to identify underlying mechanisms, evaluate therapeutic interventions, and propose directions for future research. Materials and Methods....

Cranial electromyography (EMG) is an advanced diagnostic tool that provides valuable insights into the functioning of the stomatognathic system, which includes the jaws, teeth, and related musculature. This review explores the growing application of cranial EMG in sports medicine, particularly in athletes, focusing on its role in assessing neuromus...

Periodontitis is a common inflammatory disorder that causes irreversible damage to the periodontium, resulting in tooth mobility and loss, negatively affecting quality of life. It is also linked to systemic diseases like cardiovascular problems, diabetes, and rheumatoid arthritis due to common inflammatory pathways. The disease develops from a comp...

This research examines the epidemiological features and biomolecular mechanisms contributing to developing precancerous and cancerous conditions in oral lesions associated with Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infections. Existing literature highlights HPV's role in potentially malignant oral disorders. Consequently, the underlying biomolecular processes...

Gastroesophageal reflux disease can lead to severe conditions like esophageal cancer and Barrett's esophagus and significantly impacts oral health. This review explores the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux and oral health issues, particularly gingivitis, and discusses management strategies. The pathophysiology of gastroesophageal reflux...

Peri-implant mucositis is an inflammatory and bacterial condition affecting dental implants' soft tissues. Including chlorhexidine (CHX) with polyvinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate (PVP-VA) in gel formulations enhances antibacterial properties by forming a protective film against microbial contamination and over-infection without directly impacting tis...

Short implants, which are dental implants that are less than 8 mm long, have revolutionized contemporary dental implantology by solving one of the most enduring problems in the field: patients who need rehabilitation but have limited bone volume. These implants remove the need for intricate surgical procedures like bone grafting and sinus lifts, pr...

Urogenital infections, including bacterial vaginosis, yeast vaginitis, and urinary tract infections, affect millions of women globally, leading to complications such as infertility, chronic pain, and increased susceptibility to sexually transmitted diseases. While antibiotics remain the primary treatment, their long-term use can result in side effe...

Alveolar healing post-extraction is critical for implant success, especially in cases of severe bone resorption. Before implant therapy, alveolar healing was often overlooked. Today, bone augmentation techniques, including occlusive barriers, have improved bone regeneration outcomes. Customized titanium barriers, in particular, offer an innovative...

Bruxism, a parafunctional habit characterized by teeth grinding and clenching, is a common condition affecting daytime and nighttime functionality. It can lead to complications, including dental wear, jaw pain, and temporomandibular joint disorders. Despite the widespread occurrence of bruxism, effective treatments remain limited. Botulinum toxin (...

Mandibular condylar fractures are common in maxillofacial trauma and can significantly affect both bone structure and masticatory muscle function. This review explores these fractures' biomechanical and functional consequences, focusing on their impact on masticatory muscles and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) function. The condylar region is particu...

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections, with significant implications for oral and oropharyngeal health. While low-risk HPV types (e.g., HPV 6, 11) are associated with benign lesions, high-risk types (e.g., HPV 16, 18) are linked to the development of malignancies, such as cervical and oropharyngeal can...

Anticoagulant therapy is essential for managing thromboembolic disorders but presents challenges in dental procedures due to bleeding risks. Agents such as vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), and low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) require careful perioperative management. Local hemostatic measures and interdisciplin...

Early orthodontic intervention is essential for effectively managing malocclusions and associated orofacial dysfunctions. A significant development in this area is the application of Cranium-Occluded-Postural Multifunctional Harmonizers (AM-COP) Bio-activators. These devices integrate elastodontic principles emphasizing muscle function to treat ske...

Zirconia dental implants have gained attention as an alternative to titanium implants. They offer superior aesthetics, biocompatibility, and appeal for metal-free restorations. This review examines zirconia implants' clinical performance, mechanical properties, and design and surface treatment innovations. The analysis includes studies from 2008 to...

Background. Marginal bone resorption observed around osseointegrated implants after the first year is particularly dangerous, especially if the implants are sandblasted and etched. In this case, this MBL can open the way to bacteria that, by colonizing the implant surface, can trigger peri-implantitis and the loss of the implants and the prosthesis...

Cesarean section (CS) delivery has become an increasingly prevalent mode of childbirth worldwide. While it is a critical intervention in specific medical scenarios, its impact on neonatal gut microbiota (GM) has raised concerns. Infants born via CS bypass exposure to maternal vaginal and intestinal microbes, resulting in a distinct and often less d...

Early orthodontic intervention is essential for effectively managing malocclusions and associated orofacial dysfunctions. A significant development in this area is the application of Cranium-Occluded-Postural Multifunctional Harmonizers (AMCOP) Bio-activators. These devices integrate elastodontic principles emphasizing muscle function to treat skel...

Adhesive dentistry has significantly advanced, enhancing the bonding of composite materials to enamel and dentin. This review focuses on using adhesives as modeling agents in composite restorations, with particular attention to the M.A.P. (Modeling and Perfected Adhesion) technique. A literature review was performed using PubMed/MEDLINE, Dentistry...

Sharing inflammatory pathways, microbial dysbiosis, and systemic immune responses are the foundations of the considerable reciprocal link between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontitis, two chronic inflammatory illnesses. Both conditions significantly impact patients' quality of life: periodontitis causes gradual loss of oral tissue and tooth...

Dental erosion is a progressive and irreversible loss of dental tissues caused by chemical processes from intrinsic or extrinsic acids without bacterial involvement. This condition, categorized as part of tooth wear, has gained increasing attention due to its rising prevalence, particularly among children and adolescents. Teeth erosion is often lin...

Curcumin, a polyphenol produced from the dried root of the Asian plant Curcuma longa, a member of the Zingiberaceae family, has long been prized for its medicinal qualities. Recent research confirms its strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, immunomodulatory, and neuroprotective properties. Its capacity to control gut microbiota also...

This review explores the utilization of platelet-rich products—platelet-rich plasma (PRP), platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), and concentrated growth factors (CGF)—in maxillary sinus floor elevation (MSFE) as a means of enhancing bone regeneration for dental implant placement. Tooth extraction frequently leads to bone loss, making augmentation essential f...

Aim. This study explores the relationship between modern lifestyle factors, particularly oral breathing, and its impact on neurocognitive development in children and adolescents. The study seeks to understand how lifestyle modifications, including screen time management, physical activity, and proper respiratory health, can improve pediatric popula...

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections, with significant implications for oral and oropharyngeal health. While low-risk HPV types (e.g., HPV 6, 11) are associated with benign lesions, high-risk types (e.g., HPV 16, 18) are linked to the development of malignancies, such as cervical and oropharyngeal can...

Odontomas are the most prevalent benign odontogenic tumors, and they are frequently discovered by chance during standard radiography exams. They are categorized into complicated and compound types according to their radiological and histological features. Even though they are often asymptomatic, odontomas can result in serious dental issues such as...

Aim. This study evaluates conscious sedation techniques to address dental anxiety in pediatric patients, focusing on the efficacy, safety, and long-term benefits of various sedation approaches. Materials and Methods. Following the PICO framework, clinical studies and case reports were reviewed to assess sedation strategies for uncooperative childre...

Drilling for implant site preparation generates heat, which can cause bone necrosis if temperatures exceed 47 °C for over a minute. Factors influencing heat include drill size, speed, pressure, irrigation, and tool wear. Frequent drill replacement is essential, as wear from repeated use and sterilization affects performance. This study compared thr...

Dentin has been a significant focus of research due to its potential as a bone substitute, owing to its higher mineral content than any material derived from bone. Additionally, dentin shares two key similarities with autologous bone: it is both osteocompatible and osteoconductive, providing a physical framework for the deposition of new bone. This...

Dental implants are often used to replace lost teeth and present a high level of predictability, patient satisfaction and long-term success. Biological complication such as peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis have, however, become major challenges to the profession. The definition of peri-implant mucositis is an inflammation of the soft tis...

Osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ) is a drug-related complication characterized by the presence of necrotic bone or fistula in the maxillofacial region for over eight weeks in patients treated with anti-resorptive and/or anti-angiogenic drugs, without head and neck radiation therapy. Initially documented in cancer patients treated with bisphosphonates...

In the post-operative period due to tooth extraction operations, antibiotic prophylaxis is not usually recommended. However in more traditional clinical practices the use of amoxicillin continues to represent the most effective factor in preventing bacterial infections. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of such an approach in the dental field,...

Dental implants are often used to replace lost teeth and present a high level of predictability, patient satisfaction and long-term success. Biological complication such as peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis have, however, become major challenges to the profession. The definition of peri-implant mucositis is an inflammation of the soft tis...

In the post-operative period due to tooth extraction operations, antibiotic prophylaxis is not usually recommended. However in more traditional clinical practices the use of amoxicillin continues to represent the most effective factor in preventing bacterial infections. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of such an approach in the dental field,...

Osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ) is a drug-related complication characterized by the presence of necrotic bone or fistula in the maxillofacial region for over eight weeks in patients treated with anti-resorptive and/or anti-angiogenic drugs, without head and neck radiation therapy. Initially documented in cancer patients treated with bisphosphonates...

Dentin has been a significant focus of research due to its potential as a bone substitute, owing to its higher mineral content than any material derived from bone. Additionally, dentin shares two key similarities with autologous bone: it is both osteocompatible and osteoconductive, providing a physical framework for the deposition of new bone. This...

Background: In daily surgical practice, the dentist deals with various types of oral surgery. At the first visit, the patient fills out a questionnaire about their state of health. If the questionnaire does not reveal any particular hematological problems, no special tests are usually required to determine the platelet count. The aim of this prosp...

Background: The long-term maintenance of implants and the prostheses they support depends on many factors. Specifically, the patient's biotype is important where the presence of a significant thickness of keratinized gingiva should ensure the presence of a real biological seal, whose formation is also influenced by the healing screw. The healing sc...

The use of dental implants for prosthetic rehabilitation in dentistry is based on the concept of osteointegration. This concept enables the clinical stability of the implants and a total absence of inflammatory tissue between the implant surface and the bone tissue. For this reason, it is essential to understand the role of the titanium surface in...

Psoriatic arthritis is defined as chronic inflammatory arthritis associated with psoriasis. The current data regarding gender differences in clinical manifestation and therapeutic outcomes of psoriatic arthritis are limited. Generally, men show a peripheral disease manifestation, while women have an axial distribution of the lesions. If we look at...

Silastic is a type of silicone elastomer that has been widely used in various medical applications. One of its popular uses is in aesthetic medicine, specifically as an implant in the nose to enhance its appearance. The potential complications of extrusion, infection, and migration are minimal if the implant is placed in a separate watertight compa...

Background and Objectives: The use of biomaterials in dentistry is extremely common. From a commercial perspective, different types of osteoconductive and osteoinductive biomaterials are available to clinicians. In the field of osteoconductive materials, clinicians have biomaterials made of heterologous bones at their disposal, including biomateria...

In this manuscript, the authors propose a new technique for inserting implants immediately into the sockets corresponding to the lower first molars and, in any case, in the sockets in which the alveolar septum is still present. Immediate post-extraction implants are a widely discussed topic in the literature. Most authors currently consider the ins...

This paper aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of photobiomodulation in accelerating orthodontic treatment with clear aligners in correcting an orthodontic malocclusion characterized by severe crowding and agenesis in an adult subject. An adult male patient with Class I malocclusion, a mild Class III skeletal base and severe crowding was treated...

Background: Alveolar socket preservation is a topic of serious interest, and researchers have investigated this problem quite extensively. In terms of aesthetics, it is very important to avoid bone resorption if the clinician decides to insert the implant immediately after the extraction. Recently, a new approach utilizing a barrier external to the...

This retrospective study aimed to evaluate a possible correlation between the characteristics of the mandibular ramus and lower third molar impaction by comparing a group of subjects with an impacted lower third molar and a second group with normal eruption for an early prediction of this pathology. This comparison was made using linear and angular...

Background: The long-term success of implant therapy depends not only on proper osseointegration, but also on the healing of the epithelium and the quality of the biological seal on the abutment and on the implant neck. This study aims to evaluate the possible use of dentinal adhesives on the surface of the transmucosal path of dental implants in...

Guided bone regeneration (GBR) has been shown to be an optimal technique to accelerate the bone regeneration process thanks to the action of membrane barriers that promote tissue healing through the process of osteogenesis, inducing the repopulation with osteoprogenitor cells that prevent the invasion of non-osteogenic tissue. However, current memb...

The use of xenogenic cortical bone laminas in Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) has been well described in the literature over the past decade. These biomaterials present a very low degree of complications due to their nature (porcine or equine collagenated bone) and the fact that when they become exposed, they simply hydrolyze without major complicat...

Several Alveolar Ridge Preservation (ARP) procedures have been proposed over the years. The purpose of this study was to describe the new Modified Periosteal Inhibition (MPI) technique for ARP. Seven patients were enrolled (age range: 28–72 years old; 5 males, 2 females). In total, nine hopeless teeth were treated. Following the elevation of a full...

Dental anxiety is a common problem in younger children, especially those who have had traumatic or perceived traumatic dental treatments. Nitrous oxide (N2O) and oxygen (O2) have been recommended by the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry as the optimal approach for uncooperative or anxious patients. The study aimed to evaluate the cooperation...

Background: Orthodontic treatment in adult patients is hindered by several problems, such as little time for regular dental visits and financial costs. In recent years, photobiomodulation (PBM) has been shown to significantly reduce the duration of orthodontic treatment and significantly increase patient compliance. Objective: This study aimed to i...

Subperiosteal implants were introduced in the last century. Poor clinical results led those implants to be progressively abandoned. Recently, several Authors suggested a revival of subperiosteal implants as an alternative to regenerative procedures. The purpose of this case report was to describe the clinical application of custom-made additively m...

Severe positional obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (POSAS) is a common clinical respiratory disorder with an incidence of 26.7% to 74.5%. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) combined with positional therapy is the gold standard of treatment. However, a mandibular advancement device (MAD) is an effective alternative to CPAP when compliance wi...

The aim of this study was to compare the epithelial biological response to machined titanium Ti-6Al-4V grade 5 and titanium Ti-6Al-4V grade 5 coated with zirconia (ZrN) by physical vapor deposition (PVD). Human keratinocytes were cultured in six-well plates. Machined titanium TiAl4V4 grade 5 (T1) and ZrN-coated titanium TiAl4V4 grade 5 (T2) discs w...

Recently, the demineralized dentin matrix has been suggested as an alternative material to autologous bone grafts and xenografts for clinical purposes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different times of demineralization on the chemical composition and the surface morphology of dentinal particles. Extracted teeth were ground a...

One of the current major challenges in implant therapy is to minimize marginal bone loss around implants, since it can trigger bacterial colonization of the implant’s neck, leading to its failure. The present study aimed (1) to scientifically validate a new mathematical rule based on soft tissues thickness, for choosing the correct implant position...

Aim: The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of a disposable gauze soaked with chlorhexidine and rolled up on the finger vs chlorhexidine mouth rinse (CM) to maintain oral hygiene. Methods: In this single-blind, randomized trial, both groups were instructed to brush their teeth and use the 0.12% chlorhexidine intervention twice...

Objective: The aim of this study was to perform an epidemiologic analysis of cases of jaw cysts treated from 1973 to 2012 at the Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit of the Verona Hospital, Italy, and to compare the data obtained with those published in the literature. Study design: A retrospective survey of 2030 patients treated for jaw cys...

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic disease, with a central role to cell-mediated autoimmunity. Osteopontin promotes migration and recruitment of immune cells, CD44 is its receptor, and Survivin seems to be important in skin/mucosa homeostasis. The aim of this study was to investigate their expression in biopsy specimens of patients with differen...

Aim: To compare the available potential bone-implant contact (PBIC) area of standard and short dental implants by micro-computed tomography (μCT) assessment. Methods: Three short implants with different diameters (4.5 × 6 mm, 4.1 × 7 mm, and 4.1 × 6 mm) and 2 standard implants (3.5 × 10 mm and 3.3 × 9 mm) with diverse design and surface features...

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is a 116kDa enzyme catalysing the synthesis of ADP-ribose polymers from NAD+. PARP is activated in response to DNA strand breaks and plays a critical role in the maintenance of genomic integrity. However, considering its role also in transcription, proliferation as well as apoptosis in biological process, in the p...

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy of oral cavity. Human cancers are characterized by an imbalance of regulatory mechanisms controlling different cellular pathways, including apoptosis. Apoptosis occurs in a wide variety of physiological processes, such as embryonic development, tissue homeostasis or immune defense, a...

Objectives: p120ctn is a component of the catenin family. To date, there have only been two studies examining expression levels of p120ctn in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Materials and methods: Paraffined specimens of 113 OSCCs and 12 of normal mucosa were examined by immunohistochemistry. Frozen samples of 20 OSCCs and 5 of normal mucos...

Background: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the relative abilities of three desensitizing dentifrices to provide rapid relief of dentin hypersensitivity (DH). Methods: Using a double-mask, randomized design, three dentifrices: 1) containing 8% arginine and 1,450 ppm sodium monofluorophosphate; 2) containing 8% strontium acetate and 1...

The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of an inflammatory infiltrate in the peri-implant soft tissue of single-implant crowns supported by either zirconia or titanium abutments in healthy subjects. Serial sections from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks from peri-implant mucosa of 25 patients were immunohistochemically analyzed...

Our aim was to evaluate in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) the relationship between some cell cycle markers and HPV infection, conditionally to age, gender and certain habits of patients, and to assess the ability of fuzzy neural networks (FNNs) in building up an adequate predictive model based on logic inference rules. Eighteen cases of OSCC w...

Several recent medical reports have focused attention on the possible application of skeletal scintigraphy imaging in odontostomatology. The aim of the present report was to assess the influence of immediate prosthetic loading on peri-implant osteoblastic activity through bone scintigraphy. Implants were placed in 2 healthy women. A nuclear medicin...