Fabrice Vienne

• PhD
• Engineer at Gustave Eiffel University

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The safety of elderlies is a key societal issue, especially when considering that 48% of pedestrian fatalities involve people aged 65 or more (Sécurité Routière 2017-France). Aging affects street crossing behavior, with a decrease of walking speed or more risky decisions because elderly people have difficulties to estimate the a...

Self-driving vehicles are gradually becoming a reality. But the consequences of introducing such automated vehicles (AVs) into current road traffic cannot be clearly foreseen yet, especially for pedestrian safety. The present study used virtual reality to examine the pedestrians’ crossing behavior in front of AVs as compared to conventional cars (C...

Many studies have consistently found evidence of aging-related navigation difficulties that lead to disorientation behaviors and/or reduced travel. Despite technological advances, older pedestrians mainly use paper maps to find their way in unknown environments while they have a lot of difficulties in using and interacting with them efficiently. In...

The aim of this study was to find out if the colour contrast of a vest worn by cyclists improved their visibility for motorists in a simulated car driving task. Background In several cases involving collisions between cars and cyclists, car drivers failed to detect the latter in time to avoid collision because of their low visibility or sensory co...

Afin d'assurer la sécurité des usagers des autoroutes, du personnel d’intervention et des travailleurs sur les chantiers peuvent être déployés tandis que la circulation est maintenue. Ces interventions mettent souvent en jeu la sécurité de ces agents, et, malgré les campagnes d'information auprès des usagers, les accidents ne sont pas rares. Le pro...

Introduction: Older pedestrians are overrepresented in fatal accidents. Studies consistently show gap-acceptance difficulties, especially in complex traffic situations such as two-way streets and when vehicles approached rapidly. In this context, the present research was aimed at assessing the effectiveness of a vibrotactile device and study older...

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the visibility of cyclists for motorists in a simulated car driving task. Background: In several cases involving collisions between cars and cyclists, car drivers failed to detect the latter in time to avoid collision because of their low conspicuity. Method: 2 groups of motorists (29.2 years ol...

The aim of this simulator study was to determine whether the effects of fog on driver behaviour were identical for a given road type and whether they could explain fog-related crashes according to road type. Thirty-three participants drove on both two-lane rural roads and motorways according to three visibility conditions (clear weather, 60 m-visib...

This paper presents the Inrets/Ifsttar advanced pedestrian simulator built in Versailles (France), along with various kinds of studies carried out using this device. The simulator is a cave-like device designed for studying and training older pedestrians, so we chose a setup that would be user-friendly and would have few constraints. Visual road sc...

Automated driving (AD) introduces new skills needs for drivers to handle manual control recovery (MCR). In the scope of traffic safety, such skills should be investigated before this technology is available on public roads, especially in critical situations such as emergencies. The aim of the present study is to examine to what extend lack of train...

A virtual reality training program has been developed to help older pedestrians make safer street crossing decisions and adopt safer behaviors in two-way traffic situations. The aim is twofold: i) develop a small-scale simulation device that enables transfer effects to a full-scale device involving actual walking, ii) test the effectiveness of a tr...

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of enhancing the visibility of motorcycles and pedestrians for motorists via safety messages concerning the vulnerability of these road users. Background In several cases of collision between cars and vulnerable road users (VRU), car drivers failed to detect the latter in time to avoi...

Crossing a two-way street is a complex task that involves visual, cognitive and motor abilities, all of which are known to decline with ageing. In particular, older pedestrians may experience difficulties when crossing two-way streets because of incorrect gap acceptance choices and impossible or unperceived evasive actions. To understand the overre...

Séminaire COTITA, LYON , France, 15-/10/2015 - 15/10/2015

ISAL 2015 - International Symposium on Automotive Lighting, Darmstadt, ALLEMAGNE, 28-/09/2015 - 30/09/2015

Atelier des Plate-formes de l'IA : Jeux vidéos et IA, RENNES, FRANCE, 02-/07/2015 - 02/07/2015

TRB - Transportation Research Board 94th Annual Meeting, WASHINGTON D.C, ETATS-UNIS, 10-/01/2015 - 15/01/2015

This study aimed to evaluate whether the low visibility of motorcycles is due to their low sensory conspicuity, to their low cognitive conspicuity, or to car drivers' ability to detect information in their useful visual field. To test these hypotheses, car drivers (32.02 years old), including motorcyclist-motorists and non-motorcyclist-motorists ca...

10th International Motorcycle Conference, COLOGNE, ALLEMAGNE, 29-/09/2014 - 30/09/2014

A simulation of intelligent road studs using a High Dynamic Range display technology, recently developed at LEPSIS, IFSTTAR, is presented. A combination between HDR rendering algorithm and HDR display device technology was adopted for this specific simulation. This simulation has already been used in psycho-visual evaluations and behavioural studie...

Introduction Choosing a safe gap in which to cross a two-way street is a complex task and only few experiments have investigated age-specific difficulties. Method A total of 18 young (age 19–35), 28 younger-old (age 62–71) and 38 older-old (age 72–85 years) adults participated in a simulated street-crossing experiment in which vehicle approach spe...

Our study examined the ability of two groups of elderly car drivers to detect vulnerable road users (pedestrians and two-wheeled motorized vehicles) in a simulated car-driving task. One group was given specific training, aimed at increasing their useful visual field, while driving. The second group’s task was to follow another vehicle. Data analysi...

L'expérimentation présentée étudie l'effet de 4 configurations de feux avant de moto sur l'acceptation de créneaux temporels par des automobilistes lorsqu'ils tournent à gauche face à des motocycles.

Involuntary lane departures are a leading cause of road crashes around the world. In France, audiotactile alert lines (rumble strips, profiled road markings) are used in motorways only. The design of audiotactile alert lines has not been yet investigated in terms of acoustic and vibratory emergence into vehicles, nor in terms of perception and resp...

Driving simulators are high-tech and cost-effective tools that allow performing complex tasks such as designing, testing and studying road design and equipment, e.g., road markings and signs, public lighting, specific traffic lanes. For this, IFSTTAR (The French Institute of Science and Technology for Transport, Development and Networks) has develo...

Every year, on highways, drivers taking wrong way cause accidents. Elderly drivers and young drivers are the most prevalent in the wrong way accidents. Two main explanations of these accidents can be identified: violation (the driver takes intentionally the wrong way) or error (the driver did not identified that he/she is taking a wrong way). This...

Modeling scenarios on driving simulators is a critical and complex task for behavioral researchers. It requires specific technical and programming skills, for which researchers are typically not formally trained. The main reason for this complexity is the lack of User-Centred Design (UCD) in scenario authoring tools, including an unintuitive and us...

Modeling scenarios on driving simulators is a complex and difficult task for end-users because they don’t have the skills necessary to program the scenarios. In this paper, we present a User-Centered architecture in which we have split the scenario modeling interface into 3 sub-interfaces (Template Builder, Experiment Builder, Experiment Interface)...

Modeling scenarios on driving simulators is a complex and difficult task for end-users because most of them usually don’t have the skills required to program the scenarios. In this paper, we present a User-centered solution in which we split the scenario modeling interface into 3 subinterfaces (Template Builder, Experiment Builder, Experiment Inter...

La plupart des accidents des 2 roues motorisés ont lieu en intersection et dans la majorité de ces accidents, le motocycle avait la priorité. En plus des erreurs de détection, la mauvaise perception par l’automobiliste de la vitesse d’approche et du temps d’arrivée du motocycle peut être une cause d’accidents. Ces distorsions perceptives ont été mo...

The aim of the communication is to address the opportunities of a street-crossing simulator to study the decisions and behaviors of older pedestrians in a safe and controlled environment. Older pedestrians are well-known to be over-involved in streetcrossing fatalities. For example, in France, people older than 75 years represent 37% of all pedestr...

En se fondant sur les usages pressentis du futur simulateur de conduite vélo, nous avons établi une liste de fonctionnalités à assurer et de contraintes à satisfaire. Ces éléments, accompagnés d'un état de l'art sur les simulateurs de conduite vélo, nous permettent de faire les choix techniques préalables à la réalisation du simulateur. La suite du...

Programming activities are performed not only by programmers but also by end-users in order to support their primary goals in different domains and applications. End-users do not have formal training in programming, so interaction environment and systems are needed, which could account for user skills. The objective of our work is to fill the gap b...

This study aimed at investigating the influence of auditory information and ageing on street-crossing decisions, using a virtual environment. Four auditory contexts were tested: (1) no sounds at all; (2) only the sounds from the simulated vehicles; (3) only an ambient auditory context composed of traffic sounds; and (4) the sounds from the simulate...

Older pedestrians are well known to be over-involved in road crashes compared to younger pedestrians. This study investigates the extent to which risky street-crossing decisions in older pedestrians can be explained by agerelated declines of cognitive, perceptual and physical abilities. Three age groups of participants (young, young-old, old-old) w...

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the low visibility of motorcycles is the result of their low cognitive conspicuity and/or their low sensory conspicuity for car drivers. In several cases of collision between a car and a motorcycle, the car driver failed to detect the motorcyclist in time to avoid the collision. To test the low cognitiv...

International accident statistics indicate that elderly pedestrians make up an extremely vulnerable road-user group. Past research has shown that older adults make many unsafe street-crossing decisions and adopt insufficient safety margins, especially when vehicles are approaching at high speed. Apart from studies on road design and speed-limit cou...

cote interne IRCAM: Pardo12a

Les personnes âgées de plus de 65 ans sont particulièrement vulnérables aux accidents de traversée de rues. Le déclin des capacités cognitives, perceptives et physiques est clairement mis en évidence au cours du vieillissement normal, et pourrait être à l’origine de la surreprésentation des seniors dans les accidents de piétons. La présente étude a...

A l’aide d’un environnement virtuel, l’objectif de ce travail était d’étudier l’importance des informations sonores dans le cadre d’une tâche de traversée de rue. Pour ce faire, une expérimentation a été menée sur un simulateur interactif et immersif. Quatre contextes auditifs ont été utilisés : (1) aucun son ; (2) seulement les sons liés aux véhic...

L’objectif de ce travail était d’étudier l’influence des informations auditives sur les décisions de traversée de rue à l’aide d’un simulateur immersif et interactif. A chaque essai, les participants (20 jeunes et 20 âgés) devaient décider de franchir, ou non, un trafic virtuel à sens unique, en se déplaçant réellement sur plusieurs mètres. Quatre...

This experiment aimed at studying the effects of age, traffic complexity and speed of the approaching cars on the probability of a pedestrian to be involved in a crash. Fifty nine participants aged between 20-84 years took part in a street-crossing estimation task in a simulated road environment. The results showed an overall higher number of 'coll...

The purpose of the present experiment was to investigate the effect of age and of the approaching vehicle's speed on crossing behavior in an interactive street crossing simulation. Seventy-eight subjects aged from 20-30, 60-70 and 70-80, took part in the experiment. Half of them were female and half were male. The participants were asked to cross b...

The goal of this study was to provide a better understanding of driver behavior in fog. Impaired perception of changes in headway is hypothesized to be one of the reasons for shorter following distances in foggy conditions as compared with clear weather. In the experiments described here, we measured response time for discriminating between whether...

Driving simulators, particularly low-cost ones, suffer from a lack of visual realism in comparison with real roads. In order to improve the immersion of the drivers in these simulators, and also to reproduce the visibility conditions of the road, we propose to improve the visual perception in simulators by integrating High Dynamic Range (HDR) rende...

This paper analyses driver trust and performance when using adaptive cruise control (ACC) in a situation involving a truck cutting into the lane in front of the ACC-equipped vehicle. The study was carried out using a mini driving simulator and a simulated ACC whose reference speed and time headway (THW) were preset to 130 km/h and 1.5 s, respective...

This paper examines driver trust during cooperation with an Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC), an Intelligent Driver Support System that can replace drivers for the longitudinal control of a vehicle. We present a theoretical framework based on the construct of trust in the cooperation between the operator and the automated control. An experiment was ca...

Pour citer cet article : — Rajaonah B., Anceaux F. et Vienne F., Study of driver trust during cooperation with adaptive cruise control, Le travail humain 2006/2, Volume 69, p. 99-127. Distribution électronique Cairn pour Presses Universitaires de France . © Presses Universitaires de France . Tous droits réservés pour tous pays. La reproduction ou r...

Within the context of active safety devices, the reported experiment deals with unintrusive driving assistances that intervene when a given level of risk in terms of lane departure is reached. A new system designed to produce some motor priming by applying some directional vibration on the steering wheel was introduced and tested. Our main objectiv...

Analyses of optic flow due to observer self-motion and analyses of the driver's gazing behavior during curve driving have suggested that the driver has a tendency to look at a location close to the tangent point on the inside edge of the road. Psychophysical experiments have further demonstrated that this visual strategy can be partly explained as...

ITS design and assessment require a systemic approach in order to take into account drivers' behaviour modifications and the impact of these modifications on traffic (capacity, safety). Since drivers' practices can be far from those expected by ITS system designers, psychological studies have to be conducted for the future situations. INRETS Modell...

TELEMAQUE 2 should be seen in the context of the man-machine interfaces known as intelligent. Its objectives consist in its adaptation to the mission to perform as well as its operator. This adaptativity to the mission will allow the operator to have the appropriate information and displays for each task. The second adaptativity takes place on the...

Previous research [e.g., Lobjois & Cavallo, 2007; 2009] has shown that seniors make many unsafe street-crossing decisions when vehicles approach at high speed, but miss many crossing opportunities when vehicle speed is low. It is generally assumed that elderly people have trouble in analyzing vehicle motion and thus mainly base their crossing decis...

Simulators, in particular driving simulators, are gaining importance not only for research and development purposes, but also for education, training and even recreation. Progress in computer graphics and performance allow for highly realistic simulator visuals. High-end models are becoming somewhat better at generating acceptable inertial self-mot...