Fabrice Jollant

University of Paris-Saclay · Faculty of Medicine

( BJOG . 2023;130(9):1016–1027) Research proves a rising risk of suicidal ideation and acts in the year before and the year after giving birth. Suicide is 1 of the 2 main causes of mortality for mothers in France. There is not a solid correlation between nonlethal self-harm and suicide following childbirth, so it is difficult to predict and prevent...

The occurrence of suicidal behaviors increases during adolescence. Hypersensitivity to negative social signals and deficits in cognitive control are putative mechanisms of suicidal behaviors, which necessitate confirmation in youths. Multidomain functional neuroimaging could enhance the identification of patients at suicidal risk beyond standard cl...

Introduction Pathological personality traits have repeatedly been identified as important risk factors for suicidal ideation and behaviors. Moreover, impulsive-aggressive traits, have shown a consistent association with suicidal behaviors across the lifespan. Adolescence represents a critical period for the emergence of different personality traits...

Background: Previous studies that found an association between benzodiazepines and suicidal behaviours were confounded by indication bias. Aims: To limit this bias, a case crossover study (CCO) was conducted to estimate the risk of suicide attempt and suicide associated with benzodiazepines. Method: Patients ≥16 years, with hospitalised suicid...

Introduction: Eating disorders (ED) are associated with high rates of suicide attempts and premature mortality. However, data in large samples of adolescents and young adults are limited. This study aims to assess the risk of self-harm and premature mortality in young people hospitalized with an ED. Methods: Individuals aged 12 to 25 years old h...

Around 700,000 people die from suicide each year in the world. Approximately 90% of suicides have a history of mental illness, and more than two-thirds occur during a major depressive episode. Specific therapeutic options to manage the suicidal crisis are limited and measures to prevent acting out also remain limited. Drugs shown to reduce the risk...

Purpose. Suicide is a major cause of preventable death worldwide. Adequate training in risk assessment and intervention is key to suicide prevention. The use of simulation (role plays, simulated patients, virtual reality…) for practical training is a promising tool in mental health. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of simul...

While much work has shown a link between the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and poor mental health, little is known about a possible association between hospitalization with SARS-CoV-2 infection and subsequent hospitalization for self-harm. Analyses performed on the French national hospital database between March 2020-March 2021 in 10,084,551 inpatient...

Finasteride, a 5α-reductase inhibitor used in benign prostatic hyperplasia and androgenetic alopecia, has been associated with an increased suicidal risk, whereas it is unclear whether such risk is similar to that for another 5α-reductase inhibitor, dutasteride. We aimed to assess the risk of suicidal behaviours with finasteride relative to dutaste...

Objectives: To evaluate the risk of non-lethal self-harm and mortality related to adolescent pregnancy. Design: Nationwide population-based retrospective cohort. Setting: Data were extracted from the French national health data system. Population: We included all adolescents aged 12 to 18 years with an ICD-10 code for pregnancy in 2013-2014....

Objective: A major limitation of current suicide research is the lack of power to identify robust correlates of suicidal thoughts or behavior. Variation in suicide risk assessment instruments used across cohorts may represent a limitation to pooling data in international consortia. Method: Here, we examine this issue through two approaches: (a) an...

Ketamine shows rapid antidepressant effects peaking 24 h after administration. The antidepressant effects may occur through changes in glutamatergic metabolite levels and resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) within the default mode network (DMN). A multistage drug effect of ketamine has been suggested, inducing acute effects on dysfunctiona...

Background More than 2% of the general population experience suicidal ideas each year and a large number of them will attempt suicide. Evidence-based therapeutic options to manage suicidal crisis are currently limited. Objectives The aim of this study was to overview the findings on the use of ketamine and esketamine for the treatment of suicidal...

In our study, we aimed to explore the profile of the high-risk subgroup of suicide attempters that used a violent means compared to suicide attempters that chose a non-violent suicide means. Therefore, we recruited a sample of inpatients with recent suicide attempts in three psychiatric hospitals in Thuringia, Germany. We used a structured clinical...

The occurrence of suicidal behaviors increases during adolescence. Hypersensitivity to negative social signals and deficits in cognitive control are putative mechanisms of suicidal behaviors, which necessitate confirmation in youths. Multidomain functional neuroimaging could enhance the identification of patients at suicidal risk beyond standard cl...

Introduction Each year, nearly 9,000 people die from suicide in France, and more than 150,000 attempt suicide. In spite of a decrease for the last 30 years, rates of suicide in France remain higher than the European mean. Since 2018, a national suicide prevention strategy of the Ministry of Health has been in place. In 2020, this new strategy has b...

Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic may have had significant mental health consequences for military personnel, which is a population already exposed to psychological stress. To assess the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, we analyzed the dispensing of three classes of psychotropic drugs (anxiolytics, hypnotics, and an...

Identifying brain alterations associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) in young people is critical to understanding their development and improving early intervention and prevention. The ENIGMA Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviours (ENIGMA-STB) consortium analyzed neuroimaging data harmonized across sites to examine brain morphology associ...

Concerns have been raised about early vs. later impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicidal behavior. However, data remain sparse to date. We investigated all calls for intentional drug or other toxic ingestions to the eight Poison Control Centers in France between 1st January 2018 and 31st May 2022. Data were extracted from the French National Da...

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a detrimental impact on mental health, including on food-related behaviors. However, little is known about the effect of the pandemic on anorexia nervosa (AN). We sought to assess an association between the COVID-19 pandemic and a potential increase in hospitalizations for AN in France. We compared the number of hospit...

Objectives Long COVID is a major public health issue. Whether long COVID is comorbid with psychiatric disorders remains unclear. Here, we investigate the association between long COVID, psychiatric symptoms and psychiatric disorders. Design Cross-sectional. Settings Bicêtre Hospital, France, secondary care. Participants One hundred seventy-seven...

Points clés 5 % de la population générale (et 10% des adolescents) a présenté des idées suicidaires au cours des 12 derniers mois. Le risque de passage à l’acte en cas d’idées suicidaires varie de moins de 10 % en population générale à 50 % chez les jeunes. La crise suicidaire est un état psychique cliniquement complexe, hétérogène, fluctuant et te...

Background: The first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in France was associated with a reduced number of hospitalizations for self-harm, with the exception of older people. The on-going pandemic may have both sustained and delayed effects. Methods: Data were extracted from the French national hospital database (PMSI), a nationwide exhaustive databa...

Background There is limited recent information regarding the risk of self-harm, somatic disorders and premature mortality following discharge from psychiatric hospital in young people. Objective To measure these risks in young people discharged from a psychiatric hospital as compared with both non-affected controls and non-hospitalised affected co...

Objective To confirm the rapid onset anti-suicidal benefits of ketamine in the short term and at six weeks, overall and according to diagnostic group. Design Prospective, double blind, superiority, randomised placebo controlled trial. Setting Seven French teaching hospitals between 13 April 2015 and 12 March 2019. Eligibility criteria for partic...

A growing number of neuropsychological and neuroimaging studies on suicidal behavior have been conducted over the last 20 years. Several cognitive deficits have been associated with the risk of suicidal behavior, including risky decision-making, deficient cognitive inhibition, and impaired social cognition. These deficits would rely on diffuse impa...

Suicide and suicidal behaviors represent a leading cause of morbidity and mortality during adolescence. While several lines of evidence suggest that suicidal behaviors are associated with risky decisions and deficient cognitive control in laboratory tasks in adults, comparatively less is known about adolescents. Here, we systematically reviewed the...

Background While bariatric surgery has demonstrated physical and psychological benefits, a risk of suicide and non-fatal self-harm has also been shown. The aim of this study was to compared the rate of hospitalization for self-harm during a three-year observational follow-up period between adolescents/young adults who underwent bariatric surgery in...

Objective Identifying brain differences associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) in young people is critical to understanding their development and generating effective approaches to early intervention and prevention. The ENIGMA Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviours (ENIGMA-STB) consortium analyzed neuroimaging data harmonized across sites...

Objective A major limitation of current suicide research is the lack of power to identify robust correlates of suicidal thoughts or behaviour. Variation in suicide risk assessment instruments used across cohorts may represent a limitation to pooling data in international consortia. Method Here, we examine this issue through two approaches: (i) an e...

Aims: Mental disorders constitute one of the main causes of disease and disability worldwide. While nurses are often at the frontline of mental health care, they have limited access to dedicated psychiatric training opportunities. Simulation training may foster the development of the appropriate competencies required when supporting people with me...

Background In France, the COVID-19 pandemic led to a general lockdown from mid-March to mid-May, 2020, forcing families to remain confined. We hypothesized that children may have been victims of more physical abuse during the lockdown, involving an increase in the relative frequency of hospitalization. Methods Using the national administrative dat...

Background Little is known to date about the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on self-harm. Methods The number of hospitalizations for self-harm (ICD-10 codes X60-X84) in France from 1st January to 31st August 2020 (including a two-month confinement) was compared to the same periods in 2017–2019. Statistical methods comprised Poisson regression, Cox re...

Background: Suicidal behaviours are a major source of mortality and morbidity among adolescents. Given the maturational changes that occur in cortical and subcortical structures during adolescence, we tested whether atypical brain structural measurements were associated with a history of suicide attempt. Methods: We assessed 3 groups of adolesce...

In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic. The Section on Suicidology and Suicide Prevention of the European Psychiatric Association (EPA) wants to raise awareness about the potential increase in mental health disorders and suicides as a result of the socio-economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic,...

The transition from suicidal ideas to a suicide act is an important topic of research for the identification of those patients at risk of acting out. We investigated here whether specific brain activity and connectivity measures at rest may be differently associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviors. A large sample of acutely depressed patients...

The mu opioid receptor (MOR) is a G protein-coupled receptor that plays an essential role in reward and hedonic processes, and that has been implicated in disorders such as depression and addiction. Over the last decade, several brain imaging studies in depressed patients have consistently found that dysregulation of MOR function occurs in particul...

Background Studies showed disadvantageous decision-making in suicide attempters. The present meta-analysis aims to examine the stability of these findings and related questions. Methods EMBASE and Pubmed databases were searched for studies published between 01/01/2000 and 01/01/2020 with an additional search through bibliographical references. Eng...

Introduction Little is known to date about the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on self-harm incidence. Methods The number of hospitalizations for self-harm in France (mainland and overseas) from January to August 2020 (which includes the first confinement from March 17 th to May 11 th ) was compared to the same period in 2019-2017. Hospital data with...

The mu opioid receptor (MOR) is a G protein-coupled receptor that plays an essential role in reward and hedonic processes, and that has been implicated in disorders such as depression and addiction. Over the last decade, several brain imaging studies in depressed patients have consistently found that dysregulation of MOR function occurs in particul...

Résumé Objectifs Étudier l’évolution quantitative de la recherche en suicidologie en France depuis 30 ans. Méthodes Analyse de la base de données Web of Science ; identification des publications entre 1989 et 2018 avec au moins un auteur ayant une affiliation en France et portant sur les conduites suicidaires et gestes auto-infligés. Résultats M...

Aims/hypothesisThe aim of this study was to examine the associations between hospitalisation for diabetic ketoacidosis and subsequent hospitalisation for suicide attempt in young adults with type 1 diabetes.Methods This nationwide historical cohort study included hospital data on all young people hospitalised in France for type 1 diabetes in 2008....

Background This study was designed to describe contacts with health services during the year before suicide death in France, and to compare the prevalent mental and physical conditions in these people to those of the general population. Methods Data were extracted from the French National Health Data System (SNDS), which comprises comprehensive cl...

Background A few previous studies suggest that a large number of individuals do not present at hospital following a suicide attempt, complicating recurrence prevention and prevalence estimation. Methods Data were extracted from a regular phone survey in representative samples of the French population aged 18–75 years old. Five surveys between 2000...

Résumé Le taux de suicide à l’hôpital psychiatrique est élevé. L’amélioration du repérage des patients à risque suicidaire et de la prévention du passage à l’acte durant l’hospitalisation est nécessaire. Dans le cadre d’un groupe de travail d’évaluation des pratiques professionnelles sur le risque suicidaire à l’hôpital Sainte-Anne à Paris, nous av...

Context Most medical doctors are likely to work with patients experiencing mental health conditions. However, there are often limited educational opportunities for medical doctors to achieve professional development in the field of psychiatry. Simulation training in psychiatry may be a useful tool to foster this development. Objectives To assess t...

A quantitative assessment of publications in suicidology has not been conducted yet. Web of Science was used to identify publications on suicidal behavior between 1989 and 2018. 41,276 items were retrieved. Over 30 years, the number of annual publications has been multiplied by 6. Psychiatry and psychology were the dominant research areas. Three-qu...

RÉSUMÉ Objectifs: La pandémie de la maladie à coronavirus (COVID-19) a provoqué une crise sanitaire majeure et mis en quarantaine la moitié de la population planétaire. En France, elle a provoqué une réorganisation en urgence de l’offre de soins mobilisant les soignants dans un climat d’incertitude. L'objectif du présent article est de faire le poi...

Introduction Alors que le suicide représente la seconde cause de mortalité chez les 15–24 ans, l’adolescence apparaît comme la période charnière de décollage du nombre de cas de suicide. Il est clairement établi que les pathologies mentales peuvent augmenter le risque de suicide. Toutefois, en raison de la relative rareté du suicide, la connaissanc...

Objectives Psychological pain increases the risk of suicidal ideas and acts, and represents a potential therapeutic target. However, the mechanisms of mental pain remain unclear. Here, we assessed the peripheral transcriptomic and central neural correlates of mental pain during a depressive episode. Methods 172 adult un-medicated depressed patient...

Background Case reports and clinical studies suggest that dissociative symptoms (DS) and dissociative disorders (DD) are prevalent in bipolar disorders (BD). Methods We conducted a systematic qualitative review on this association. MEDLINE and PsycINFO studies published up to November 15th, 2018 were searched, with an additional search through bib...

Novel insight into suicidal behavior. This article presents four short examples of new insights into suicidal acts and innovative treatments. These include the results of cognitive neuroscience studies that have identified hypersensitivity to rejection, exclusion, and injustice signals in suicide attempters, as well as persisting trend for risky ch...

Current modeling of suicidal behavior: crisis, transition, and vulnerability. Suicidal behavior is multifactorial and polymorphic. Modeling - although simplifying - is necessary. This article presents three interactive processes: the suicidal crisis, the transition from ideas to action, and the suicidal vulnerability. The suicidal crisis is a state...

L’enseignement de la médecine et de la psychiatrie peut aujourd’hui s’appuyer sur une recherche en pédagogie médicale qui a mis en lumière et testé de nouveaux outils d’enseignement. Ce symposium réunira trois jeunes psychiatres français exerçant à Paris et à Londres, et utilisant des modalités pédagogiques alternatives ou complémentaires aux savoi...

Understanding the neural mechanisms of suicidal behavior is crucial. While regional brain alterations have previously been reported, knowledge about brain functional connectomics is currently limited. Here, we investigated differences in global topologic network properties and local network-based functional organization in both suicide attempters a...

Introduction La morbidité et mortalité associées au diabète comme à la schizophrénie suggèrent que leur combinaison puisse générer de graves problèmes. L’objectif de l’étude était d’estimer le risque de ré-hospitalisation pour complications aiguës du diabète et tentative de suicide à trois ans chez des personnes atteintes de diabète et de schizophr...

Aims A large number of people present each day at hospitals for non-fatal deliberate self-harm (DSH). Examination of the short-term risk of non-fatal recurrence and mortality at the national level is of major importance for both individual medical decision-making and global organisation of care. Methods Following the almost exhaustive linkage (96%...

A lack of motivation and anhedonia represent frequent and pervasive symptoms in depression, although with poor specificity. Historically described as a response bias, reward-related impairments in depression may account for the important aspects of the cognitive impairments associated with diagnosis of major depressive disorder. Reward processing i...

Objective: Psychological pain lies at the heart of human experience. However, it may also be abnormally intense and/or prolonged in pathological states, with negative outcomes. A simple and reliable measure of psychological pain for clinical use would be useful. In this study, we present a preliminary validation of a simple visual analog scale joi...

More than eight hundred thousand people die of suicide every year in the world and ten to twenty times more attempt suicide. Over the last fifty years, notable but insufficient progress has been made in our knowledge of suicidal risk factors. It is now recognized that stressors such as recent negative life events (interpersonal problems for example...

RÉSUMÉ Plus de huit cent mille personnes décèdent de suicide chaque année dans le monde et dix à vingt fois plus tentent de se suicider. Au cours des cinquante dernières années, des progrès notables mais insuffisants ont été réalisés dans notre connaissance des facteurs de risque suicidaire. Il est ainsi aujourd’hui admis que des facteurs de stress...

Objective: The aim of this large retrospective cohort study was to estimate the supplementary morbidity and mortality risks conferred by the co-occurrence of schizophrenia among young people with type 1 diabetes. Research design and methods: This nationwide population-based study included individuals aged 15-35 years hospitalized in France for t...

The identification of brain markers of suicidal risk is highly expected. However, neuroimaging studies have yielded mixed results, possibly due to phenotypic heterogeneity. In the present study, we addressed this issue using structural brain imaging. First, two independent samples of suicide attempters (n = 17 in Montreal, 32 in Jena), patient cont...