F. Javier García Veigas

• Doctor of Geology
• Head of Department at University of Barcelona

The Piedmont basin (NW Italy) records a Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC) succession including a selenite gypsum deposit assigned to the Primary Lower Gypsum (PLG, MSC stage 1). Strontium isotope ratios are in the range of the PLG deposits of the Mediterranean area. Sulfate isotope compositions of vertically oriented selenite gypsum beds, in the lowe...

The core chronology was established based on 40Ar/39Ar dating of sanidine phenocrysts in seven tuffs intercalated in the section and magnetostratigraphy. The results demonstrate a long and discontinuous sedimentary history from the middle Pliocene to the late Pleistocene. The study of this new core highlights the unusual complexity of the facies' a...

Chemical analyses of 2,618 (1,640 new and 978 published) fluid inclusions in marine halite were used to define paleoseawater [Ca²⁺] and [SO2−4] over the past 550 million years (Myr). Three types of fluid inclusion brine chemistries were recognized based on measured [Ca²⁺] and [SO2−4]: (1) SO4-rich with [SO2−4] ≫ [Ca²⁺]; (2) Ca-rich with [Ca²⁺] ≫ [S...

Strata-bound elemental sulfur deposits occur in different circum-Mediterranean Miocene sedimentary successions containing evaporites and high amounts of organic matter. It is widely known that bacterial sulfate reduction processes are the triggering mechanisms involved in the origin of hydrogen sulfide and the subsequent native sulfur. However, in...

Previous studies have confirmed that primary fluid inclusions in halite record and preserve information concerning the major ion chemistry of seawater. Here, we determine ratios of redox sensitive trace metals (Fe, Mn, V, Mo, U) in paleo-seawater trapped as primary fluid inclusions in halite from two boreholes (Przyborów IG3, Gorzów Wielkopolski IG...

The Piedmont basin (NW Italy) records a Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC) succession including a selenite gypsum deposit assigned to the Primary Lower Gypsum (PLG, MSC stage 1). Strontium isotope ratios are in the range of the PLG deposits of the Mediterranean area. Sulfate isotope compositions of vertically oriented selenite gypsum beds, in the lowe...

Large volume of evaporites were deposited during the Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC) across the Mediterranean. These evaporites are currently outcropping on land and are interpreted by seismic profiles beneath the Mediterranean floor. Biostratigraphic, magnetostratigraphic and astrochronologic data recovered from sediments below and above outcroppi...

Resumen: En las Cuencas Neógenas Béticas se encuentran algunas unidades evaporíticas relacionadas con sus procesos de continentalización durante el Tortoniense-Messiniense. Se ha realizado un estudio multidisciplinar en una de estas unidades evaporíticas, localizada en la Cuenca de Las Minas, Albacete. Dicha formación está compuesta por yesos, carb...

The Campo Coy basin contains an important evaporite succession , up to 350 meters thick of gypsum, including two gypsum units: lower and upper gypsum units. These are characterized by fine-grain laminated and selenitic primary gypsums and by nodu-lar-laminated and meganodular secondary gypsums. The geoche-mical study based on sulfate isotope compos...

Quantitative multi-element analyses of single fluid inclusions in halite and other sedimentary minerals can provide information on the origin and chemical evolution of ancient surface waters on Earth. Integrated laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) and cryogenic-scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spect...

The IODP Expedition 382 (March-May 2019) focused on the study of the climatic history of the Eastern Antarctic Ice Sheet (EAIS), the chronologic correlation with dust, the implications for sea level, the changes in water masses and thermal forcing, the provenance of iceberg rafted debris, the changes in sea ice and the climatic cyclicity and its ca...

The Lorca and Fortuna basins are two intramontane Neogene basins located in the eastern Betic Cordillera (SE Spain). During the Late Tortonian ‐ Early Messinian, marine and continental evaporites precipitated in these basins as a consequence of increased marine restriction and isolation. Here we show a stratigraphic correlation between the evaporit...

The Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC) led to deposition of one of the youngest saline giant on Earth. The increasing restriction of the connections between the Mediterranean, the Atlantic Ocean and the freshwater Paratethyan basins resulted in the deposition of massive amounts of evaporites (gypsum, anhydrite, halite and potash salts) in shallow marg...

Thick halite intervals recovered by the Dead Sea Deep Drilling Project cores show evidence for severely arid climatic conditions in the eastern Mediterranean during the last three interglacials. In particular, the core interval corresponding to the peak of the last interglacial (Marine Isotope Stage 5e or MIS 5e) contains ∼30 m of salt over 85 m of...

Evaporites in a 700-m-long core (KM-3) from Searles Lake, California, preserve a record of the chemical evolution of inflow waters. Chemical analyses of fluid inclusions in halite and evaporite minerals show that the major ion composition of inflow waters to Searles Lake was changed by distant hydrothermal activity associated with magmatism at Long...

Probertite and glauberite are the main rock-forming minerals in the lacustrine Doǧanlar succession of the Emet basin. The present paper seeks to characterize and interpret the facies and depositional settings of this mineral association. Probertite is made up largely of microfibers arranged in microbundles, and displays a variety of lithofacies. Ma...

Fontarnauite was discovered in cores recovered from the Kütahya-Emet 2 and 188 (named here as Doğanlar) boreholes drilled in the Emet borate basin near the village of Doğanlar, Kütahya Province, Western Anatolia, Turkey. The Emet (or Emet- Hisarcık) basin is one of the Neogene basins in western Turkey bearing a borate-rich unit intercalated with Mi...

The major-ion chemistry (Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, K+, SO42−, and Cl−) of Carboniferous seawater was determined from chemical analyses of fluid inclusions in marine halites, using the cryo scanning electron microscopy (Cryo-SEM) X-ray energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS) technique. Fluid inclusions in halite from the Mississippian Windsor and Mabou Groups,...

Sedimentological evidence for an abrupt dry spell in south-eastern Spain during the middle Holocene, from c. 4906 to 4384 cal. yr BP, is presented. This phase was determined primarily from halite beds deposited between muddy slimes in a lagoon system of Puerto de Mazarrón (Murcia province) with a peak phase from c. 4550 to 4400 cal. yr BP. A multi-...

We analyzed primary fl uid inclusions in halite from marine evaporites in the ca. 830 Ma Browne Formation of the Offi cer Basin in Western Australia using the cryogenic scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry analysis technique. The concentrations of the major ions, except K+ and possibly SO4 2−, fall within the range of P...

Sulfate isotope compositions (δ34S and δ18O) and strontium isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr) of Triassic evaporites in the Betic Cordillera are addressed for the first time in the present work. Isotope values have been determined in gypsum and anhydrite samples of the Germanic-type facies (Buntsandstein, Muschelkalk and Keuper) coming from different outcr...

ABSTRACT Borates constitute a group of mineral deposits of great economic interest. Although several genetic types have been identified (volcanic, hydrothermal, metamorphic and sedimentary), the most important type corresponds to those deposits formed in non-marine, evaporitic settings. Lacustrine basins related to volcanic terrains in which borate...

Trichothiodistrophy (TTD) is a rare autosomal recessive condition that is characterized by a specific congenital hair shaft dysplasia caused by deficiency of sulfur associated with a wide spectrum of multisystem abnormalities. In this article, we study clinical, microscopic, and ultrastructural findings of 20 patients with TTD with the aim to add f...

Bromine concentrations in halite, sulfate isotopes (δ34S and δ18O), and major ion concentrations in primary fluid inclusions from three boreholes in the Late Permian Zechstein evaporites have revealed sharp variations in marine derived brines within the Polish sector of the European Southern Permian Basin. The base of the Older Halite (Na2), during...

The Emet basin is one of the Neogene basins in western Turkey containing significant amounts of borate minerals, mainly colemanite. The petrologic study of core samples from two exploratory wells in the Doganlar sector, under optic and electron microscopy, reveals a complex mineral association in which probertite, glauberite, and halite constitute...

Sylvite is a very common mineral in ancient evaporite deposits. Due to the absence of current deposits, the natural geochemical mechanism/s for synsedimentary sylvite precipitation and accumulation are not well understood. Numerous sylvite deposits or portions of them have been described as a result of diagenesis (i.e. Sergipe subbasin, Brasil). Ho...

Emetite, a new sul phate min eral, Ca7Na3K(SO4)9, has been iden ti fied in two bore holes drilled in the Emet bo rate dis trict (Mio cene; west - ern Anatolia, Tur key). The evaporitic suc ces sion in these bore holes is mainly formed of a glau ber ite-probertite al ter na tion. The new min - eral al ways ap pears as a diagenetic phase con sist ing...

Gypsiferous units occur along the margins of some Paleogene and Neogene basins in Spain. These units accumulated in shallow saline lakes of low ionic concentration. Other gypsiferous facies constitute outer rings of the thick, highly-saline evaporite formations that occupy the central parts of the basins. In some of these gypsum units and rings, la...

The Dead Sea is a Ca-chloride evaporitic lake close to halite saturation. Carnallite (KMgCl3·6H2O) is the next mineral predicted to precipitate and is currently produced in solar ponds on the shores in Israel and Jordan. The particular composition of the Dead Sea has been attributed to the contribution of Pliocene residual brines formed during the...

Glauberite is the most common mineral in the ancient sodium sulphate deposits in the Mediterranean region, although its origin, primary or diagenetic, continues to be a matter of debate. A number of glauberite deposits of Oligocene–Miocene age in Spain display facies characteristics of sedimentologic significance, in particular those in which a gla...

Numerous small, noneconomic copper deposits are associated with syntectonic sandstones of Tertiary age (Campodarbe and Uncastillo Formations) in the South Pyrenean foreland basin (SPFB). Sulphides, native metal, and their oxidation products occur within elongate lenses in fluvial sandstones and conglomerates. In all cases, the geometry of the ore i...

The Salar Grande is a 45-km-long (N–S axis), 4–5-km-wide, fault-bounded (pull-apart) Neogene forearc evaporitic basin, located in the Cordillera de la Costa of northern Chile whose sedimentary record is composed almost exclusively of a massive halite salt body. Underground waters coming from the east (now the Precordillera and Altiplano) were progr...

RESUMEN Se estudian muestras de sal y anhidrita triásicas procedentes de son-deos y, en menor medida, de algunos afloramientos y galerías de mina. Las características texturales y de litofacies indican la existencia de pro-cesos de recristalización en la halita con pérdida de las texturas primarias de tipo hopper y chevron, que son en parte sinsedi...

Le Salar Grande est le seul bassin évaporitique cénozoïque localisé dans la Cordillère côtière au N du Chili. Il est placé dans une dépression tectonique de plus de 50 km de long et de direction N-S, qui est contrôlée par la faille d'Atacama. La dépression est remplie d'une roche halitique, très pure, dont l'épaisseur dépasse localement 100 mètres....

A geochemical study has been performed on Messinian halite deposits from the Central Sicily Basin and the results compared with those published for the Lorca Basin (Spain), in order to provide a depositional model for these marine salt formations and to improve understanding of the Messinian evaporitic event. In the Lorca basin, which occupied a ma...

The chemical evolution of the brine in a potash evaporite basin has been investigated by X-ray microanalysis of frozen primary inclusions trapped in halite. A Computer program based on thermodynamic equilibrium and mass balance principles has been used to simulate evaporation paths. The comparison between the results of calculations, the observed m...

Direct access to brines trapped in halite is possible by freezing and breaking halite crystals on a cooling stage inside a scanning electron microscope. Quantitative analyses of major solutes (Na, Mg, K, Ca, Cl and SO4) in natural brines were obtained by means of X-ray microanalysis of the frozen fluid inclusions using frozen droplets of brines wit...

La generación de defectos cristalinos y la migración de las fases fluidas (salmueras y gases), son los efectos más relevantes de la irradiación y la temperatura sobre una formación salina, susceptible de albergar un almacenamiento de residuos radiactivos. Para determinar dichos efectos se ha puesto a punto la metodología necesaria y se ha verificad...

The production of radiation induced defects, as well as fluid migration are the most relevant phenomena due to the combined effects of heat and irradiation in repositories emplaced in rock salt. In order to gain knowledge of these phenomena, laboratory experiments on samples coming from the Sallent Mine (Barcelona) have been performed. The chemical...