Ewa Łupikasza

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• Professor
• Professor (Full) at University of Silesia in Katowice

The surface heat island (SHI), manifesting itself by increased surface temperatures in the city compared to the surrounding areas, is a dynamic phenomenon during the year. The study aims to recognise seasonal variability in the SHI structure (extent and composition of land cover type), and define an effective contribution and potential capability o...

The frequency of snowfall and rainfall is expected to change due to the warming climate. However, trends in liquid and solid phases are not linearly related to air temperature trends. This paper discusses the impact of thermal properties of circulation types (CTs) on the trends in snowy and rainy days in Poland in the period 1966–2020. The visual o...

Flooding is a major natural hazard worldwide, causing catastrophic damage to communities and infrastructure. Due to climate change exacerbating extreme weather events robust flood hazard modeling is crucial to support disaster resilience and adaptation. This study uses multi-sourced geospatial datasets to develop an advanced machine learning framew...

Traditional rainfall-runoff modeling techniques require large datasets and often an exhaustive calibration process, which is challenging, especially in poorly-gauged basins and resource-limited settings. Therefore, it is necessary to examine new ways of constructing predictive models for runoff that can achieve satisfactory results, while also mini...

This study compares the convective parameters between two 8-year periods of hail reporting in Poland: 1948–1955 (period A) and 2015–2022 (period B). The data on hail incidents for period A was derived from hail annuals of the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management, while for period B from the European Severe Weather Database. Period A contai...

Based on long-term climatological data from Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard Airport—Longyearbyen and the Polish Polar Station at Hornsund, we undertook an analysis of drought indices on Spitsbergen Island, Svalbard, for the period 1979–2019. The features and causes of spatiotemporal variability of atmospheric drought in Svalbard were identified, as expressed...

Potential evapotranspiration (PET) is a crucial variable for implementing adaptation measures to mitigate the potential impacts of climate change on water resources. In the context of global warming, PET is essential for predicting water resource supply and demand, guiding irrigation and water management decisions. However, there is limited underst...

The phase in which precipitation falls—rainfall, snowfall, or sleet—has a considerable impact on hydrology and surface runoff. However, many weather stations only provide information on the total amount of precipitation, at other stations series are short or incomplete. To address this issue, data from 40 meteorological stations in Poland spanning...

This study aims to investigate the trend behavior of monthly maximum in daily rainfall categories in the Vu Gia-Thu Bon river basin located in central Vietnam. Daily maximum rainfall series from 12 rainfall stations for the period 1979–2018 were utilized to characterize six categories of the intensity of daily maximum rainfall: light (0–4 mm/day, c...

Under current climate change, severe weather impacts human life in Central Europe, which is a relatively safe climate zone concerning the occurrence of the most violent weather events. This impact is projected to increase due to ongoing climate change. Therefore, this study, for the first time, discusses the death toll related to selected sudden se...

In Poland the phase in which precipitation occurs impacts the availability of water in its reservoirs, the potential for hydrological droughts, snowfall flooding and winter recreation. The influence of warming on the occurrence of precipitation phases on the Polish scale has not been studied so far. Based on data from 42 synoptic stations for the p...

Based on the long-term climatological data from Ny Alesund, Svalbard Airport – Longyearbyen and Hornsund Polish Polar Station, we undertook an analysis of drought indices on West Spitsbergen Island, Svalbard for the period 1979–2019. The features and causes of spatio-temporal variability of atmospheric drought on Svalbard were identified, as expres...

Based on the long-term climatological data from Ny Alesund, Svalbard Airport – Longyearbyen and Hornsund Polish Polar Station, we undertook an analysis of drought indices on West Spitsbergen Island, Svalbard, for the period 1979–2019. The features and causes of spatiotemporal variability of atmospheric drought on Svalbard were identified, as expres...

The intense development of cities and related replacement of vegetated areas with impervious surfaces contributed to the intensification of the urban heat island effect, which is a hazardous phenomenon for humans. In this study, the spatial structure of the surface heat and cold island (SHI and SCI, respectively) in the Górnośląsko-Zagłębiowska Met...

Advances in the availability of multi-sensor, remote sensing-derived datasets, and machine learning algorithms can now provide an unprecedented possibility to predict flood events and risk. Therefore, this study was undertaken to develop a flood vulnerability map and to assess the exposure of buildings to flood risk in Warsaw, the capital of Poland...

Hail involving very large hailstones (maximum diameter ≥ 4 cm) is rare but is one of the most hazardous weather phenomena in Poland. The most useful of the numerous weather radar reflectivity indicators are automated hail detection algorithms and reflectivity criteria, which can be easily implemented in operational weather warning systems. Since th...

This paper studies surface air temperature inversions and their impact on air pollution under the background of meteorological conditions in southern Poland. The relationship of temperature gradients and air quality classes with weather conditions in the most urbanized and polluted part of Poland as represented by the Upper Silesia region (USR) wit...

The frequency, strength and seasonal variations of surface-based temperature inversions (SBTIs) in Upper Silesia (Southern Poland) were examined using data from January 2001 to September 2020. Based on the air temperatures recorded at the meteorological station of the Institute of Earth Sciences in Sosnowiec (263 m a.s.l.) at heights of 2 m and 88...

This chapter focuses on trends in annual, seasonal and monthly precipitation totals and frequency based on 52 series of daily precipitation covering the period 1951–2018. Trends in precipitation indices between 1951 and 2018 were rarely statistically significant. The temporal course of precipitation characteristics was rather dominated by fluctuati...

Background During the acetogenic step of anaerobic digestion, the products of acidogenesis are oxidized to substrates for methanogenesis: hydrogen, carbon dioxide and acetate. Acetogenesis and methanogenesis are highly interconnected processes due to the syntrophic associations between acetogenic bacteria and hydrogenotrophic methanogens, allowing...

The Arctic has experienced prominent climate warming, at the beginning of the 20th century and currently. Comparing the driving mechanism during these periods helps to explain the causes of contemporary climate change. Our study explores the impact of regional circulation on Svalbard's surface air temperature (SAT, 2 m above ground). We used air te...

This study describes the dynamics and complexity of microbial communities producing hydrogen-rich fermentation gas from sugar-beet molasses in five packed-bed reactors (PBRs). The bioreactors constitute a part of a system producing hydrogen from the by-products of the sugar-beet industry that has been operating continuously in one of the Polish sug...

Hail involving very large hailstones (maximum diameter ≥ 5 cm), is a rare but very hazardous phenomenon in Poland, and can be forecast using reflectivity signatures. Every year, Poland experiences from one to over a dozen storms with such large hailstones. Despite the current recommendations regarding polarimetric techniques used in hail risk monit...

PM10 samples collected over one year from the city of Sosnowiec, part of the Upper Silesia metropolis were studied. The locale was a gradient meteorological station, 4 m and 100 m above ground. The dominant compounds identified were anhydro-, mono- and disaccharides which were divided into three groups of organic tracers (OT): biomass burning (BB)...

The Svalbard Airport composite series spanning the period from 1898 to the present represents one of very few long-term instrumental temperature series from the High Arctic. A homogenized monthly temperature series is available since 2014. Here we increase the resolution from a monthly to daily basis, and further digitization of historical data has...

Over the past decades, warmer air temperature and spatiotemporal changes in the amount and patterns of precipitation have been observed at high latitudes. Such interannual variability in climatic conditions has a strong influence on the dynamics of biological processes regulating terrestrial ecosystems. Dendroclimatology can improve our understandi...

This paper provides a logical approach and step-by-step introduces the reader with essential MAR topics, such as: · Definition and a brief history of Manager Aquifer Recharge · Objectives and criteria · Types of operation · Source of water used in MAR operation · Feasibility and performance factors · Manager Aquifer Recharge in Europe · Good practi...

Trends in the probabilities of days with liquid, solid, and mixed precipitation are discussed on annual and intra-annual scales along with their relationship to air temperature in the Atlantic sector of the Arctic. Data on weather phenomena were used to identify precipitation phases. The data cover various periods but all series extend to 2017. Tre...

This paper aims at presenting the possibility of using meteorological data from the Network of Personal Weather Stations (PWS) to monitor extreme meteorological phenomena such as heavy and torrential rain. We analyzed the density of PWS within the Weather Underground network within Górnośląsko-Zagłębiowska Metropolis. After analyzing the maximum da...

The Arctic has experienced step changes in climate conditions, which are still not fully understood. Particularly intriguing was the Early Twentieth‐Century Arctic Warming (ETCAW), which occurred prior to anthropogenic interference in the environment. This paper quantitatively assesses the differences in atmospheric circulation patterns during peri...

The paper discusses temporal changes in the configuration of vertical climatic belts in the Tatra Mountains as a result of current climate change. Meteorological stations are scarce in the Tatra Mountains; therefore, we modelled decadal air temperatures using existing data from 20 meteorological stations and the relationship between air temperature...

The relevance of drought is still often underestimated for temperate climate regions like Central Europe that are characterized by on average ample precipitation. Nonetheless, several drought events in recent years (e.g. 1992, 2003, 2015 and 2018) demonstrated that droughts are a relevant factor for several economic activities (e.g., agriculture, w...

Rapid Arctic warming results in increased winter rain frequencies, which may impact glacial systems. In this paper, we discuss climatology and precipitation form trends, followed by examining the influence of winter rainfall (Oct‒May) on both the mass balance and dynamics of Hansbreen (Svalbard). We used data from the Hornsund meteorological statio...

Recent changes in temperature in the Arctic and its potential effects on vegetation have been gaining increased scientific attention. Shrub expansion is increasingly observed in Arctic and Subarctic environments. On the other hand, a few tree-ring studies indicate recent growth declines at northern latitudes, which precise causes are not well under...

The relevance of drought is still often underestimated for moderate climate regions like central Europe. This is connected to the slow development of droughts, which not only hampers the identification of their start and end, but also makes their impacts not immediately noticeable. Nonetheless, several drought events in recent years (e.g. 1992, 200...

The present paper reviews selected outcomes of the FLORIST project devoted to flood risk in the region of the northern foothills of the Tatra Mountains in Poland and summarizes novel results. The project encompassed theoretical, field, and modeling work. It was focused around observation-based hydroclimatology; projections for the future; dendrogeo...

Seasonal trends in extreme precipitation indices were investigated for 30-year moving periods between December 1950 and February 2008. To update the 2008-2015 data, supplementary calculations were performed for more than 120 meteorological stations. A linear regression of the least squares method was used to calculate trend magnitudes. Trend signif...

This paper discusses the cloud cover and its relation to atmospheric circulation over Spitsbergen during 1983-2015. It focuses on monthly and seasonal cloud covers and on the frequency of days with specific cloud cover (cloudless, clear, cloudy and completely overcast sky) and their relation to various circulation types. In the research period the...

This paper investigates fog frequency in southern Poland in relation to various topography (concave and convex forms) and atmospheric circulation types. It also discusses long-term variability in the annual and seasonal number of days with fog. Daily information on fog occurrence was taken from three high quality synoptic stations representing vari...

Spitsbergen has experienced some of the most severe temperature changes in the Arctic during the last three decades. This study relates the recent warming to variations in large-scale atmospheric circulation (AC), air mass characteristics, and sea ice concentration (SIC), both regionally around Spitsbergen and locally in three fjords. We find subst...

Severe convective phenomena cause significant loss in the economy and, primarily, casualties. Therefore, it is essential to forecast such extreme events to avoid or minimize the negative consequences. Wind shear provides an updraft-downdraft separation in the convective cell, which extends the cell lifetime. Wind shears between a few different air...

This chapter examines both variability and trends in atmospheric circulation favouring the occurrence of flood precipitation defined as daily totals ≥30, ≥50 and ≥100 mm in warm half-year (May–Oct) and in summer (JJA). We used a catalogue of circulation types created for the Upper Vistula Basin, and related circulation indices (zonal circulation in...

The frequency of origin-based types of extreme precipitation in Europe displays a regionally varied relationship with the direction of the advection and the type of the pressure system. This chapter discusses relationships between origin-based types of precipitation and mesoscale circulation. For the purpose of this chapter, circulation types were...

The occurrence as well as the daily and annual patterns of precipitation are inseparably linked with cloud formation processes. Upward air movement, alongside its sufficient humidity, is a precondition of precipitation. This chapter uses existing studies to discuss mechanisms leading to the formation of clouds. These mechanisms are then used to ide...

Definitions of extreme climatological and meteorological events may depend on the objective of the study, the type of data, or the researcher’s subjective opinion. This chapter discusses definitions of extreme climatic events and presents indices of precipitation extremes found in the literature. The spatial and seasonal variability in a range of t...

The North Atlantic Oscillation is a significant teleconnection pattern driving weather and climatic conditions in the Northern Hemisphere, including Europe. This chapter discusses relationships between the occurrence of extreme precipitation and daily NAO. The latter’s influence on extreme precipitation in Europe was assessed by comparing empirical...

Much of the flood risk in Poland is related to the Upper Vistula River Basin, and its right-bank tributaries on the northern foreland of the Tatra Mountains significantly contribute to the total flood damage. Therefore, the question whether the magnitude and frequency of floods in this region have changed in the past decades is of high interest. Th...

The chapter presents changes in air temperature and precipitation in the Upper Vistula Basin. Data from 18 meteorological stations covering the 1951–2015 period was used to investigate variability and trends in air temperature, precipitation and linkages between them. Air temperature in the Upper Vistula Basin was significantly rising during the re...

Abstract number DACH2016-176

Based on a data series of more than 50 years, this book discusses spatial and seasonal variability in air-mass and frontal extreme precipitation frequency and as well as the relationship between their occurrence and atmospheric circulation. The climatology of air-mass and frontal extreme precipitation is presented for the first time on a European s...

The main island of the Svalbard Archipelago, Spitsbergen, is located in the centre of the Atlantic sector of the Arctic and is exposed to an increased dynamic of change in weather conditions, the shaping of which is affected by specific synoptic situations. In the work described here, it was the impact of atmospheric circulation on cloudiness over...

This chapter summarises the climatic and environmental information that can be inferred from proxy archives of the Baltic Sea area during the past millennium (1000 years). The proxy archives mainly comprise tree-ring analyses together with historical documents on extreme weather events and weather-related disasters. In addition to the reconstructed...

This paper aims at recognizing spatial differentiation in probability of ice days occurrence with reference to atmospheric circulation, using regional classification of circulation types for Poland. Daily maximum air temperatures measured at nine meteorological stations were used to recognize the ice days occurrence in the period from January 1951...

This contribution provides the basics of the climatology of the Polish Tatra Mountains in a nutshell, with particular reference to intense precipitation and its relation to atmospheric circulation. Variability of various precipitation characteristics, including selected indices of intense precipitation in Zakopane and at Kasprowy Wierch, is illustr...

The present paper introduces the topical area of the Polish–Swiss research project FLORIST (Flood risk on the northern foothills of the Tatra Mountains), informs on its objectives, and reports on initial results. The Tatra Mountains are the area of the highest precipitation in Poland and largely contribute to flood generation. The project is focuse...

The paper aims to present research into both the long-term variability in the ice days in Svalbard representing the Atlantic sector of the Arctic, and their relations to atmospheric circulation. Ice days are defined as days with a daily maximum temperature below 0°C (Tmax<0°C). They are considered to be amongst the most important indices of current...

This contribution provides the basics of the clima-tology of the Polish Tatra Mountains in a nutshell, with particular reference to intense precipitation and its relation to atmospheric circulation. Variability of various precipitation characteristics, including selected indices of intense precipitation in Zakopane and at Kasprowy Wierch, is illust...

The present paper introduces the topical area of the Polish-Swiss research project FLORIST (Flood risk on the northern foothills of the Tatra Mountains), informs on its objectives, and reports on initial results. The Tatra Mountains are the area of the highest precipitation in Poland and largely contribute to flood generation. The project is focuse...

The paper discusses long-term change in snowfall, rainfall and mixed precipitation viewed in conjunction with air temperature and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) in winter (December–February). In the study of contemporary climate change and its effect on the hydrological cycle it is useful to focus on winter precipitation forms. A 146-year secular...

The paper investigates the relationships between the occurrence of thunderstorms with heavy precipitation (>30 mm) and atmospheric circulation types. The study covers the period 1951–1998 and is based on a matching span of records of thunderstorm occurrence and daily precipitation totals at 47 weather stations in Poland. A catalogue of circulation...

Spatial and temporal trend variability in extreme precipitation indices was studied for the meteorological seasons from 1951 to 2006. Eight indices were used, describing their frequency (90pNoD, 95pNoD), totals (1dayT, 5dayT, 90pT, 95pT) and intensity (90pInt, 95pInt). The following key challenges were addressed: (1) temporal variability in the rel...

The paper discusses the impact of atmospheric circulation on the occurrence of various types of precipitation. A 146-year-long precipitation record from Kraków spanning the period 1863-2008 was used alongside a calendar prepared by Niedźwiedź (1981, 2009) describing circulation types covering the period 1873-2008 and air masses and atmospheric fron...

The main objective of this study is to analyse the relationship between atmospheric circulation and high precipitation in Poland, using selected classifications of circulation types. Daily precipitation totals from 48 synoptic stations and three classifications of circulation types (Litynski, 1969, Niedzwiedz, 1981, Niedzwiedz, 2008 and Ustrnul, 19...

The paper discusses the impact of the atmospheric circulation on the long-term variability of liquid, mixed and solid precipitation. The three precipitation forms were characterised by their totals, the number of days when they prevailed, and the contribution of each to the overall precipitation totals. Trends, as a background to further analysis,...

Spatiotemporal drought patterns and characteristics of Central-Eastern Germany and Southern Poland were analysed for 1951 to 2006 using different meteorological drought indicators. The study area stretches over more than 1500 kilometres from the Harz-mountains in the West to the border between Poland and Ukraine in the East. The stations show simil...

Trends of six (moderately) extreme precipitation indices in Southern Poland and Central-Eastern Germany were analysed for 1951 to 2006, using 43 daily precipitation datasets. The analysis of the variability of the spatial extent of significant trends, their stability and average magnitude showed a strong seasonal differentiation and long-term varia...

The paper discusses the frequency of precipitation, broken down into amount categories, on thunderstorm days in Poland during the period 1951–2000. The authors looked at the number of thunderstorm days with precipitation versus the total thunderstorm days. Frequencies of certain precipitation totals on thunderstorm days were determined for various...

This study discusses the occurrence of days with unique thermal characteristics for the period 1951-2000. The authors investigated longterm variability, probability of occurrence and synoptic conditions favourable to frosty (t min ≤0˚C ∧ t max >0˚C), freezing (t max <0˚C) and severe freezing (t max <-10˚C) days at six stations in the southern part...

The study investigated spatial and temporal variability of extreme precipitation trend magnitudes and their directions. Daily precipitation from 48 synoptic stations in Poland for the period 1951-2006 were used. Five indices of precipitation extremes were chosen: the highest 5-day precipitation total, precipitation total from events ≥90th and 95th...

The principal aim of this paper is to analyze the trends of the multi-annual course of the selected characteristics of extreme precipitation, snow cover and atmospheric thunderstorms in the second half of the twentieth century in Poland. The results of these investigations show that in Poland it is only possible to determine a weak decreasing trend...

The goal of this study was a typology of the precipitation regimes in Europe. The base dataset contains average values (1961-1990) of monthly precipitation totals from 666 meteorological stations. Cluster analysis of k-means method was used to determine precipitation types. The necessity of taking a subjective decision concerning the number of dist...

In this article the multiyear variability of the annual course of precipitation in Europe in the XX century was submitted to analysis. The annual course of precipitation was expressed as the precipitation irregularity index W (Wilgat, 1948). The differences of the W index between its values counted for normal periods 1931-1960 and 1961-1990 (on the...