Ewa Balcerowicz

• PhD
• CASE - Center for Social and Economic Research

This paper shows the differences in innovation patterns among firms operating in low and medium technology (LMT) sectors and high technology (HT) sector in three New EU Member States: the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland. It is based on a survey of 358 firms which operate in both sectors and takes into account innovation inputs, including coopera...

This paper investigates the barriers to innovation perceived by Polish manufacturing firms. It refers to the heterogeneity of innovation active firms. We introduce a taxonomy of innovative firms based on the frequency with which they introduce commercialised innovations using data from both CIS4 (for 2002-2004) and CIS5 (2004-2006). Two groups of i...

Free 'Entry' and free 'Exit' are fundamental mechanisms of the competitive market economy operation. Free entry ensures that potential entrepreneurs will take advantage of profitable opportunities and enter profitable segments of the market, increasing competitive pressure on the incumbent firms, lowering output prices and improving the overall all...

Free 'Entry' and free 'Exit' are fundamental mechanisms of the competitive market economy operation. Free entry ensures that potential entrepreneurs will take advantage of profitable opportunities and enter profitable segments of the market, increasing competitive pressure on the incumbent firms, lowering output prices and improving the overall all...

The banking sector in transition economies deserves a special attention of policy makers and the public. The first reason for this attention is that financial intermediation plays a special role in an economy: it channels financial savings of enterprises and households into investments. There is no economic growth in a country if this function is n...

This paper provides a survey on studies that analyze the macroeconomic effects of intellectual property rights (IPR). The first part of this paper introduces different patent policy instruments and reviews their effects on R&D and economic growth. This part also discusses the distortionary effects and distributional consequences of IPR protection a...

This paper investigates the differences in innovation behaviour, i.e. differences in innovation sources and innovation effects, among manufacturing firms in three NMS: the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland. It is based on a survey of firms operating in four manufacturing industries: food and beverages, automotive, pharmaceuticals and electronics....

The paper briefly discusses the main economic developments in Poland since its accession to the EU in May 2004 and sees how they relate to the regulatory environment and policies which the EU imposes on the member states. The paper starts with a brief description of principles, legislation and policies adopted in the EU, which influence the decisio...

The regulatory environment for businesses in Ukraine has been considered unfavorable and market unfriendly. Although various governments have made numerous efforts to improve it, many of these attempts have failed and increasing the quality of the regulatory environment in the country still remains on the agenda of the government. With this report...

The paper briefly presents environment for business in Poland as of the end of the year 2005. A few comments, however, on its evolution in the course of the transition period are also made. The paper broaches administrative, legal and financial requirements to start and run business activities by both natural and legal persons. In addition, it pres...

This paper investigates an impact of the government policies aimed at the enterprise sector on competitiveness of this sector. The analysis was based on an example of the Polish manufacturing sector and the eight-year period from 1996 to 2003. Section 1 presents different notions and measures of competitiveness and defines the one adopted for the p...

In the past ten years all transition economies have adopted modern bankruptcy legislation as part of their institution building efforts. But their approach to insolvency and their determination to use the insolvency process as a selection mechanism have varied widely. The aim of the paper is two fold. Firstly, we identify the role of insolvency pro...

At the beginning of transition Poland was already far ahead of other former socialist countries with regard to the role of the private sector in the economy. For example, Polish farmers were never deprived of their land, as it was the rule in other countries under the communist regime.1 With 4 million people self-employed and employed in private fa...

This book is about barriers to entry facing entrepreneurs in early transition. Barriers may be defined in a variety of ways — any factor that increases the unit production cost of the new entrants, or any impediments that imposes a cost on new entrants but not on the incumbents. The main aim of the book is to investigate the nature and impact of ba...

inefficient and uncompetitive enterprises especially from the over-grown industrial sector. These initial conditions meant that, in the early stages of transition, the volume of entries and exits will be, by necessity, very high ­ reflecting the large scale changes that had to take place before these economies attain a macroeconomic structure consi...