Evanthia Chrysomali

• DDS,Dr Dent, Assist. Prof.
• Professor (Associate) at National and Kapodistrian University of Athens

Lymphoblastic lymphoma, seen primarily in children or young adults, is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that originates from B or T lymphocyte precursors and rarely occurs in the oral cavity. A case of systemic precursor T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma mimicking periodontitis of a lower second molar in a 20-year-old adult is currently presented. The ca...

Background: Oral neural tumors (ONTs) are rare lesions and represent reactive or neoplastic proliferations of nerve sheath cells. The purpose of the present study is to report the clinical, demographic and histopathologic features of 157 ONTs diagnosed in a single Oral Pathology Department and review the pertinent literature. Material and methods...

Pleomorphic adenoma, also known as benign mixed tumor, is the most common salivary gland tumor, mostly affecting major salivary glands, but also encountered concerning minor ones. The occurrence of this lesion in the skin, known with the term chondroid syringoma, is unusual and considered to be associated with eccrine or apocrine glands. The two le...

Immunohistochemistry in odontogenic tumor

Odontomas, the most common benign odontogenic tumors, are usually asymptomatic. Eruption of these lesions in the oral cavity can rarely be occurred, and accompanied by a wide range of clinical signs and symptoms. Among the developmental odontogenic cysts, the dentigerous cyst is the most common type. However, a dentigerous cyst associated with an e...

Medication related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) is a clinical entity that may develop in patients receiving antiresorprtive (bisphosphonates and denosumab) or antiangiogenic agents. The main objective of this article is to review the pertinent literature regarding medications that may cause MRONJ, its pathophysiology, etiologic factors, epidem...

Background Verruciform xanthoma is an uncommon benign tumor, which exhibits a wide range of clinical patterns. The occurrence of the lesion in patients with immune-mediated mucocutaneous diseases may suggest a role of localized epithelial cell damage and chronic inflammation in its pathogenesis. Case Report A case of verruciform xanthoma on the to...

Methotrexate (MTX) is an established immunomodulating agent used in low doses (LDMTX) to treat several autoimmune diseases. Ulcerative stomatitis (US) may be observed as a long-term LDMTX adverse effect showing a wide histopathologic spectrum. A 73-year old female presented with painful oral ulcers of 5 days duration. The patient had been under tre...

Calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor (CCOT), a rare odontogenic lesion, usually appears as radiolucency with radiopacities. This characteristic finding may not always be evident depending on the lesion stage, growth, and histopathological features. An asymptomatic case of CCOT alongside an unerupted third molar that was discovered randomly after a r...

The extraosseous odontogenic tumors may raise diagnostic challenges due to their imitation for reactive gingival lesions. Among them, the peripheral dentinogenic ghost cell tumor (PDGCT) is an extremely rare benign odontogenic neoplasm with up to 30 cases published in the literature. PDGCT occurs in older adults most commonly in the anterior mandib...

The intraoral dermoid cysts constitute less than 0.01% of all oral cavity cysts and are most commonly located in the midline of the floor of the mouth. Histologically they are divided into epidermoid, dermoid and teratoid. The surgical excision can be performed either intraorally or extraorally and the choice of treatment can be determined by the l...

Background Solid ameloblastoma demonstrates a more invasive behavior compared to unicystic. The follicular ameloblastoma is referred that may present a higher recurrence potential compared to the plexiform variant. In this study, the different ameloblastoma clinical types and histopathological variants were examined regarding the expression of bone...

Objective To present a case of reactive osteocartilaginous metaplasia (ROCM) in the anterior edentulous mandibular ridge.Background The ROCM secondary to chronic mechanical denture trauma is rare and appears as a focal sometimes painful mass on or near the crest of the edentulous alveolar ridge in long-term denture wearers. The literature review di...

The pleomorphic adenoma (PA) or mixed tumour is the most common neoplasm of the salivary glands, usually presenting with a non-specific clinical manifestation and a diverse histopathological pattern. The region of the lips is the second most common site for minor gland neoplasms. The aim of this paper is to report the case of a 39 year old Caucasia...

Objective: To investigate the morphological and compositional alterations of retrieved orthodontic mini-implants and the type of adjacent bone, in relation to loading period and anatomical region. Materials and methods: Seventy orthodontic mini-implants (Aarhus: n = 35 and AbsoAnchor: n = 35) were placed in the maxilla and mandible of 33 orthodo...

The occurrence of maxillary osteomyelitis is rare in immunologically normal hosts. The nature of such infections is mainly polymicrobial, commonly attributable to micro-organisms present in the oral cavity. A case of acute maxillary osteomyelitis with Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. infection is described in an otherwise healthy young female...

This study aims to analyze the frequency and distribution of odontogenic tumors in a Greek population and compare the findings with those reported in the recent literature. Records of the Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Dental School, University of Athens, with histologic diagnosis of odontogenic tumors (based on the World Health Organiz...

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the osteogenic potential of a biphasic synthetic graft material composed of hydroxyapatite and beta-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) in critical-size cranial defects in rabbits. Three circular bicortical critical-size cranial defects were created in each o...

Despite the wide application of lasers and electrosurgery in dermatology, the pertinent literature provides conflicting data regarding the lateral thermal injury (LTI) associated with these instruments and its effects on wound healing. This study aims to quantitate the LTI produced by CO(2)-laser, monopolar electrosurgery (MES), and radiosurgery (M...

This article describes the first published case of coexistence in a child of a rare hybrid odontogenic ghost cell tumor and a solitary cutaneous pilomatrixoma. An 11-year-old boy presented with a large well-defined unilocular radiolucent lesion in the right posterior mandible. Marsupialization followed by enucleation of the remaining lesion at a la...

This study aims to compare lateral thermal damage (LTD) produced by CO(2)-laser, monopolar electrosurgery (MES), and radiosurgery (MRS) and its effects on the reepithelialization of oral mucosa incisional wounds. Five adult swine were submitted to standardized incisions at the tongue and gingiva by MES, MRS, CO(2)-laser and scalpel. Full-thickness...

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the sixth most common cancer in the world. The phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) signalling pathway has been reported to play an important role in OSCC. Since we have previously detected absence of hotspot PIK3CA gene mutations in the Greek population, we hypothesized that BRAF or HRAS may be activated as u...

the expression of the osteoclastogenic cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β were immunohistochemically evaluated in peripheral (PGCG) and central (CGCG) giant cell granulomas of the jaws in order to determine differences between these two lesions and between the two distinct tumor cell populations (multinucleated giant cells, MGCs and stromal spindle-sh...

Acanthosis nigricans is a rare mucocutaneous disorder of unknown etiology that manifests as hyperpigmented velvety plaques, most often on intertriginous areas such as the neck and axillae as well as on mucosal sites such as the oral cavity. The disorder presents either as a paraneoplastic manifestation of an underlying malignancy, especially gastro...

Nodular fasciitis is a benign, reactive, proliferative spindle-cell lesion, usually located at the subcutaneous tissues or muscle fascia. Clinically, it manifests as a soft-tissue mass with well-defined margins and fixed to the adjacent structures. Because of its rapid growth rate, rich cellularity and relatively high mitotic activity, nodular fasc...

Introduction: Upon use of mono polar electrosurgery or CO2-laser high-frequency, current or infrared light respectively are converted to heat, inducing beneficial and undesired tissue effects. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate histologically and immunohistochemically the effects of monopolar electrosurgery and CO2-laser upon skin and oral mu...

Background: Osteoblastoma, a rare osteoblastic tumor, constitutes approximately 1% of all primary bone tu-mors. Aim: The purpose of this report is to present an osteoblastoma of the mandible, with particular emphasis on the differential diagnosis of this rare tu-mor. Methods-Results: the lesion showed osteoblast-like cells, stromal cells, osteoclas...

Osseous choristoma is a rare, benign lesion of the oral cavity occurring usually in the tongue. It appears as a tumorous mass of normal bony structure with mature cells in an ectopic position. The case of a 72 years Caucasian male is presented and analyzed along with 52 similar cases reported in the English literature between 1967 and 2007. Lingual...

Aim: Topoisomerases represent a class of nucleic enzymes involved in the DNA replication, transcription and also chromosome topological formation. Topoisomerase IIa (Topo Iia – gene location 17q21) inhibition promotes cell death and for this reason, it is a target for specific chemotherapy (anthracyclines, podophyllotoxines). Our aim was to investi...

The calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC) may demonstrate variable clinical, radiographic and histopathologic features. Because of its histomorphologic diversity, several classifications have been proposed supporting that the COC contains two entities: a cyst and a neoplasm. Based on this dualistic concept, subtypes of the cystic variant included the o...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of factor XIIIa+ dendritic cells and S-100 protein+ Langerhans' cells in the gingival epithelium and connective tissue of periodontal pockets, before and after non-surgical periodontal therapy. The microbial flora in periodontal pockets provokes complex immune reactions. Dendritic cells play a...

The serum circulatory levels of apoptosis related molecules measured in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) and healthy individuals in order to investigate possible alterations associated with the clinical forms of OLP. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, soluble Fas (sFas) and Bcl-2 studied by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in...

Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic mucocutaneous disease characterized by sub-epithelial inflammatory cell infiltration. The pathogenesis of LP seems to be related to T cell mediated immune reactions. In the present study the distribution of the CD3 positive T lymphocytes expressing TCR of the αβ and γδ forms examined immunohistochemically in LP tissu...

We sought to evaluate the cell proliferation activity and immunohistochemical expression of proteins that promote or inhibit apoptosis in oral granular cell tumor (GCT). Immunohistochemistry for Ki-67, a cell proliferation marker; Bcl-2, an anti-apoptotic protein; and caspase-3, a protein implicated in the execution of apoptosis, was performed on t...

PurposeWe sought to evaluate the cell proliferation activity and immunohistochemical expression of proteins that promote or inhibit apoptosis in oral granular cell tumor (GCT).

Schwannomas are benign, slow growing neoplasms derived from neural crest cells. We report a parapharyngeal schwannoma of large dimension (3.5X2.5X2 cm) in a 58-year old female located on the left side of her neck. The duration of the lesion at the time of diagnosis was one year and a half. The histopathologic examination revealed a well-circumscrib...

Apoptosis appears to be the mode of cell death by which damaged cells are removed from the lesional tissue in oral lichen planus (OLP). In the present study, OLP biopsies were immunohistochemically evaluated for TNF-alpha and apoptosis-regulating proteins in an attempt to compare their phenotypic expression. Deparaffinized tissue sections from 22 O...

Relatively rare squamous cell carcinomas of the tongue in young patients may be associated with different etiologic factors and pathogenetic mechanisms than carcinomas from the same site in older patients. Alterations in cell cycle proteins likely contribute to the biologic behavior of these neoplasms. The purpose of this investigation was to evalu...

Relatively rare squamous cell carcinomas of the tongue in young patients may be associated with different etiologic factors and pathogenetic mechanisms than carcinomas from the same site in older patients. Alterations in cell cycle proteins likely contribute to the biologic behavior of these neoplasms. The purpose of this investigation was to evalu...

To determine if immunohistochemistry can be used as adjunct to the diagnosis and classification of oral benign neural tumors, we stained 77 neurally differentiated tumors with a panel of neural-associated antibodies (S-100 protein, CD57, epithelial membrane antigen, factor XIIIa, CD34, CD68, collagen IV). Using standard histologic criteria, we iden...

To determine if immunohistochemistry can be used as adjunct to the diagnosis and classification of oral benign neural tumors, we stained 77 neurally differentiated tumors with a panel of neural-associated antibodies (S-100 protein, CD57, epithelial membrane antigen, factor XIIIa, CD34, CD68, collagen IV). Using standard histologic criteria, we iden...

Cell death was evaluated in oral erythema multiforme to test the hypothesis that apoptosis may be a mechanism by which keratinocytes die in this condition. Ten erythema multiforme and five control oral mucosa biopsy specimens were evaluated in immunohistochemically stained sections for apoptosis-regulating proteins Bcl-2, Bcl-x, Bax, p53, Fas, and...

To test the hypothesis that the anti-apoptotic ability of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) may result in altered expression of apoptosis-associated proteins in oral hairy leukoplakia (HL), we evaluated HL tissue and normal epithelium for these proteins by immunohistochemistry. Twenty formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens of HL lesions and six specime...