
Eva SchitoUniversity of Pisa | UNIPI · Department of Energy, Process and System Engineering
Eva Schito
Doctor of Engineering
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45
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Publications (45)
Energy communities (ECs) are a promising solution to integrate renewable local production with buildings’ systems and services. To exploit renewable energy sources, ECs should be carefully designed, identifying an appropriate mix of prosumers and consumers. In this research, the electrical energy loads of eight dwellings have been monitored for a y...
A persistent dilemma in building energy modeling consists of finding the proper trade-off between accurate results, data availability and limited modeling effort. In fact, quasi-steady state models require a limited number of inputs, however providing often rough results; dynamic tools are instead usually very accurate but involve a huge effort to...
The purpose of our study is to evaluate the surface temperature distribution on a radiant floor, particularly focusing on space cooling operations, to assess the presence of non-uniformities. In fact, knowing the temperature difference between the average superficial temperature and the coldest spot can be a useful indication for condensation preve...
Buildings are responsible for about 40% of final energy consumptions and 30% of total energy-related CO2 emissions [...]
The research aims at verifying aesthetic, technical, energy, and environmental opportunities of integrating different photovoltaic (PV) roofs in the “Rustico Macchi,” an Italian heritage building that needs a deep energy renovation for hosting exhibitions and school projects. Compatibility of different PV products and technological solutions for he...
Governments are promoting energy community (EC) policies to encourage joint investment and the operation of shared energy assets by citizens, industries, and public authorities, with the aim of promoting economic, social, and environmental benefits. However, ECs require appropriate planning and energy management strategies, which require data that...
Radiant floor heating systems have become a reference technology, but their use for cooling purposes has proven inconvenient in many applications due to their reduced cooling capacity and condensation issues. Nonetheless, potentialities and drawbacks of radiant floor cooling systems have been frequently addressed and simulated, given the large pote...
Photovoltaic (PV) systems are usually not recommended in heritage buildings for preserving their values and aesthetic features. However, these buildings are widespread in Europe and their energy requirements, due to heating, cooling, and electrical energy, can be significantly reduced with PV modules and hybrid systems. Also, recent aesthetical and...
This research reports the indoor microclimate conditions experienced in the UNESCO World Heritage Site of the Medicean Villa La Petraia in Florence (Italy). The study aims at verifying if the current microclimatic conditions of Villa La Petraia can guarantee the conservation of the works of art guarded inside the building. To this aim, the research...
The scientific literature lacks methodologies for assessing HRES investments because of complex interactions among HRES components, conflicting objectives, and uncertainty in the energy demand. This work fills this gap by presenting a methodology to assess long-term investments in HRES for off-grid buildings. To strengthen the reliability of the as...
This paper proposes an analytical method for the dynamic thermal simulation of energy piles with a short time resolution (e.g., tens of minutes) as an alternative to numerical approaches, which require relevant computational resources. The discussion is tailored to the implementation of analytical models in dynamic energy simulation software for bu...
The preservation of historic churches and their most precious artefacts usually includes a monitoring campaign of the indoor microclimate conditions. This research presents the information that can be obtained through the application of a novel set of risk indices to the monitored data acquired in a Baroque church of the 18th century in Italy. The...
Temperature and relative humidity are two parameters that can hugely hamper artwork preservation, leading to different types of degradation. In scientific literature and regulatory guidelines, two methodologies are used to assess suitable conditions for artifacts and potential risks. These two methods are generally alternatively applied, missing a...
Air ventilation rate plays a relevant role in maintaining adequate indoor air quality (IAQ) conditions in public buildings. In general, high ventilation rates ensure good indoor air quality but entail relevant energy consumption. Considering the necessity of balancing IAQ and energy consumption, a correlation between the number of occupants obtaine...
The paper deals with the multi-objective optimization of the HVAC control in museums. Scientific literature, technical standards and museums stakeholders mainly focus on the single-objective of artefacts conservation. However, a major attention should be paid at visitors’ comfort and energy consumption, without compromizing artwork integrity. In th...
Heat pumps represent a link between different energy vectors and their application in thermal and electrical grids can improve the overall operational flexibility of the system. In this work, the optimal integration of electrically driven heat pumps within a hybrid distributed energy system is investigated. A multi-objective stochastic optimization...
This work presents an optimization strategy and the cost-optimal design of an off-grid building served by an energy system involving solar technologies, thermal and electrochemical storages. Independently from the multi-objective method (e.g., utility function) and algorithm used (e.g., genetic algorithms), the optimization of this kind of systems...
This paper analyzes the use of hybrid photovoltaic/thermal (PVT) collectors in nearly zero-energy buildings (NZEBs). We present a design methodology based on the dynamic simulation of the whole energy system, which includes the building energy demand, a reversible heat pump as generator, the thermal storage, the power exchange with the grid, and bo...
The correct preservation of old and rare books in libraries needs suitable values of temperature and relative humidity. This paper shows the hygrothermal data acquired in a historic library, the Baroque Library, of the University of Coimbra, Portugal, where several old and rare books are stored. The data were acquired during a 6-month monitoring ca...
Micro-district heating networks based on cogeneration plants and renewable energy technologies are considered efficient, viable and environmentally-friendly solutions to realizing smart multi-energy microgrids. Nonetheless, the energy production from renewable sources is intermittent and stochastic, and cogeneration units are characterized by fixed...
The heat transfer process in energy piles is strongly affected by the heat capacity of such foundation elements. This phenomenon is more pronounced for energy piles compared to borehole heat exchangers, because of the lower slenderness of the former compared to the latter, and involves axial thermal gradients. In literature, capacity effects of ene...
The present paper analyses the cost-optimal sizing and hourly control strategy of a hybrid heat pump system for heating application, composed by an electrically-driven air source heat pump and a gas boiler. These hybrid systems represent a promising solution for the energy retrofit of existing buildings and new installations, being able to increase...
The study presents a new procedure for identifying possible risks for books kept in historic libraries. It is addressed to all those historic libraries where large collections of old and rare books are stored and preserved. These libraries were rarely used by people, but, nowadays, many of them have become touristic attractions. Consequently, their...
In museums, hygrothermal conditions must be carefully controlled by HVAC system to avoid artwork degradation. Higher energy requirements are needed for the maintenance of the suitable thermal environment. Moreover, a comfortable thermal sensation is needed for a positive museum experience. In light of current policies on energy efficiency, we propo...
This paper presents the model for the simulation of the behavior of an air handling unit (AHU), consisting of two heating coils, a cooling and dehumidifying coil, and a vaporizer. The proposed model reproduces the behavior of its single components, using the suitable ε-NTU relations for the heat exchangers on the basis of actual geometries (e.g., t...
The ongoing decarbonisation process of the current energy system, driven by the EU directives, requires that more renewable energy sources are integrated in the global energy mix, as well as policies promoting investments in new low-carbon technologies, energy efficiency and grid infrastructure. The technical integration of renewable energy sources...
In museums, artworks preservation is hampered by several factors, in particular temperature and relative humidity as inappropriate values of these parameters can cause biological, mechanical, and chemical degradation. Thus, HVAC systems must be able to maintain specific suitable indoor microclimate also in critical conditions, such as variation of...
The design of HVAC systems for museum exhibition rooms is a challenging issue, as artworks require specific hygrothermal conditions to prevent deterioration: on one hand, technical equipment should be able to maintain optimal microclimate, even in critical conditions (e.g., high visitors' presence); on the other hand, energy inefficiency due to ove...
The correct simulation of energy needs for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning of the rooms of a museum is strictly correlated to the estimation of internal loads deriving from the presence of visitors, who are responsible for both sensible and latent gains. However, visitors’ profiles on short time scales (e.g., 15 minutes) in museum rooms...
A correct artwork preservation requires strict values of several microclimate parameters, in particular temperature, humidity, and light. In existing museums, the evaluation of the effectiveness of current building plant systems and management is essential to avoid artwork deterioration. In this work, we propose the use of five simple performance i...
In this paper, the second of two parts, we apply the cost-optimal design method illustrated in Part 1 [1] to a case study. We select a farm hostel located in Enna, Italy, as the local climate and the required energy services are suitable for the development of a solar-assisted nearly zero-energy building. The system is connected to the electric gri...
This paper deals with the cost-optimal sizing of solar technologies for thermal and electrical needs of residential or tertiary nearly Zero-Energy buildings. The proposed design procedure is based on lifetime simulation of building loads and energy systems; therefore, according to proper cost-optimality considerations, it is possible to find the be...
SEAS is an energy auditing software that can simulate residential, office, school, and hospital buildings, providing energy requirements for heating, domestic hot water production, ventilation, lighting, and other electrical uses.
Radiant heating coupled to a heat pump is a particularly energy-efficient system, recommended in new constructions. However, the potential energy savings associated with this high thermal inertia system can only be achieved with appropriate control laws, to be tested in a full building–plant simulation environment. The developed transient code conc...
This paper is mainly aimed at stressing some fundamental features of the GSHP design and is based on a broad research we are performing at the University of Pisa. In particular, we focus the discussion on an environmentally sustainable approach, based on performance optimization during the entire operational life. The proposed methodology aims at i...
Constructions built in Italy before 1945 (about 30% of the total built stock) feature low energy efficiency. Retrofit actions in this field can lead to valuable energetic and economic savings. In this work, we ran a dynamic simulation of a historical building of the University of Pisa during the heating season. We firstly evaluated the energy requi...
Questo e-book ha lo scopo di rendere immediatamente disponibile, in modo schematico, l’insieme di novità introdotte con gli ultimi cambiamenti apportati alle norme sulla Certificazione Energetica. Ci si riferisce alle norme UNI/TS 11300, parti 1 e 2, pubblicate inizialmente nel 2008 e per le quali sono appena uscite (2 ottobre 2014) versioni aggior...