Eva Ballová MikuškováSlovak Academy of Sciences | SAV · Institute of Experimental Psychology
Eva Ballová Mikušková
PhD.
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61
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Introduction
Publications
Publications (61)
The study experimentally tested an intervention that debunks epistemically suspect beliefs about vaccines. After answering questions about pre‐existing epistemically suspect beliefs (irrational health beliefs and conspiracy mentality), 565 participants were randomly assigned into one of three conditions and exposed either to neutral information abo...
The aim of the study was to examine the relationships between unfounded C OVID ‐19 beliefs and distress and powerlessness, specifically, whether distress and powerlessness are causes or consequences of unfounded C OVID ‐19 beliefs represented by conspiracy beliefs and pseudoscientific beliefs regarding treatment and measures. Unfounded beliefs were...
The paper reports the results of registered conceptual rep-lications of the indirect effect of institutional trust in the relationship between precarity and the endorsement of conspiracy beliefs (CB). The original study of Adam-Troian et al. (2023; British Journal of Social Psychology, 62(S1), 136-159) indicated that subjective appraisals of econom...
Non-behavioral factors potentially enhance the development of teachers’ professional competencies. Because there is a lack of research examining the direct relationships between teachers’ professional competencies and these non-behavioral factors, present study aimed to identify the main cognitive, personality and motivational antecedents of profes...
p style="text-align: justify;">The study focused on generational differences in teachers’ professional competencies (interaction styles, teaching styles and didactic competencies) and motivation for the teaching profession. A total of 462 teachers (20 students with at least a bachelor’s degree; age: M = 43.36, SD = 11.05) participated in the study....
This paper examines the predictors of belief in the efficacy of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) and its use, including cognitive factors (scientific reasoning, health literacy, locus of control), beliefs (holistic and magical health beliefs pseudoscientific beliefs, and trust in doctors), sociodemographic factors, and cancer diagnosis....
Purpose: Following Goldberg’s paradigm, the study investigates whether women and men are at risk of differential treatment by HR professionals in recruitment and dismissal processes and focuses on the impact of exogenous factors, such as discrimination and gender norms.
Design: A total of 155 individuals with experience as HR professionals particip...
Purpose: Employees may feel overwhelmed with information privacy choices and have difficulties understanding what they are committing to in the digital workplace. This article analyzes the role of different thinking styles for effort reduction, such as the use of intuition, when employees make decisions about the credibility and trustworthiness of...
Background
The present study explored moderators of the relation between environmental concerns and pro-environmental behaviour that could help close the green gap.
Methods
A sample of 500 individuals (250 women) participated in the study. Apart from socio-demographic characteristics, participants answered questions about their environmental conce...
The dataset comprises responses provided by 500 individuals (250 women) recruited by an external agency to be representative of the Slovak population concerning age and gender. Participants gave written consent to participate in the study by confirming that they are over 18 and have read all the information about the study before agreeing to partic...
Unlabelled:
Scientific reasoning and trust in science are two facets of science understanding. This paper examines the contribution of science understanding, over and above analytic thinking, to the endorsement of conspiracy and pseudoscientific beliefs about COVID-19 and behavioral intentions to engage in the recommended preventive behavior. We e...
The main aim of the study was to replicate and extend van Prooijen's findings (2017) on how education and its outcomes (cognitive complexity, subjective social standing, self‐esteem, a feeling of control and powerlessness, cognitive reflection, epistemic curiosity and scientific reasoning) predict conspiracy beliefs. In two studies (Study 1: N = 49...
The main goal of the paper was to obtain insights into how gender measures can be incorporated into quantitative research on risk-related behaviour. We explored relations between the measures (short versions of Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI), Personal Attributes Questionnaire (PAQ), and Traditional Masculinity-Femininity (TMF) scale) and their expla...
Apart from immediate health-related threats, the COVID-19 pandemic caused economic turmoil and uncertainty that led to widespread worries about financial matters. The so called financial threat is known to be related to worse mental and physical health, depression, suicide ideation, higher depression rates, decrease in cognitive capacity and also l...
The present study explored moderators of the relation between environmental concerns and pro-environmental behaviour that could help to close the green gap. A sample of 500 individuals (250 women) participated in the study. Apart from socio-demographic characteristics, participants answered questions about their environmental concerns and pro-envir...
The present study explored moderators of the relation between environmental concerns and pro-environmental behaviour that could help to close the green gap. A sample of 500 individuals (250 women) participated in the study. Apart from socio-demographic characteristics, participants answered questions about their environmental concerns and pro-envir...
Using a representative sample of 1682 Slovaks, the study investigated antecedents and negative consequences for personal finances of the endorsement of conspiracy theories. As a part of the first wave of a longitudinal study monitoring social and psychological impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, participants responded to questions concerning their so...
The study investigated antecedents of attitudes towards vaccines against COVID-19 and vaccination behaviour, and sought to identify areas where interventions aimed at increasing vaccination rates would be most effective. A sample of 500 Slovaks (250 women) responded to questions concerning their socio-demographic and personality characteristics, co...
The present study investigated the relationship between outward orientation and COVID-related prosocial behavior, including adherence to containment measures, caring for others and providing support, limiting one’s social life and responsible purchasing behavior. A sample of 500 Slovaks (250 women) aged between 18 and 86 (M = 44.32, SD = 15.66) par...
The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need to examine factors related to questionable health behavior, such as avoiding recommended preventive guidelines. The aim of this paper was to explore whether the behavior reflecting active avoiding of preventive measures against COVID-19 (curfew regulations, hygiene, facial masks, and social distancing) was...
The purpose of this article is to investigate the role of different thinking preferences when employees make judgments about the credibility and accuracy of information privacy issues at work. We investigate the relationship between people's thinking processes and their perceived credibility of information with respect to collection of personal dat...
One of the appeals of conspiracy theories in times of crises is that they provide someone to blame for what has happened. Thereby, they increase distrust, negative feelings, and hostility toward implicated actors, whether those are powerful social outgroups or one’s own government representatives. Two studies reported here examine associations of C...
The present study investigated whether gender differences in wage expectations (reservation wage and expected wage level after probation) could be considered as a reliable explanation of the gender wage gap. First, whether women are willing to accept lower wage offers than men do was examined. Then socioeconomic and demographic factors that affect...
Background
Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is popular among the general population and patients with various diseases, but our understanding of the predictors of CAM use for the population of women with or without cancer diagnosis is still quite limited. This paper examines predictors of attitudes toward and use of CAM, including cogni...
The main aim of this paper was to examine the consistency of experts (N = 71) in evaluation in high-stakes real-life decision-making, and how their consistency relates to other psychological constructs such as cognitive reflection and overconfidence. A pool of top Slovak experts was assembled, and the AHP method for eliciting policy priorities was...
Purpose: The study investigated antecedents of attitudes towards vaccines against COVID-19 and vaccination behaviour, and sought to identify areas where interventions aimed at increasing vaccination rates would be most effective. Methods: A sample of 500 Slovaks (250 women) responded to questions concerning their socio-demographic and personality c...
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.584424.].
This paper focuses on the science understanding (scientific reasoning and trust in science) and analytic thinking and their role in: 1) having less conspiracy and pseudoscientific beliefs about COVID-19, and 2) behavioral intentions in line with scientific consensus (i.e. following evidence-based guidelines and vaccination intentions). We examined...
The study aims to verify the level of conspiracy beliefs and the relationship of conspiracy beliefs with the conspiracy mentality and analytic cognitive style. A total of 470 participants (49.4% women) aged 18-73 years old (M = 42.35; SD = 13.12) participated in the study. They completed the Slovak Conspiracy Belief Scale, the Conspiracy Mentality...
To date, there has been inconclusive evidence on the predictive ability of health-related cognitive distortion, as measured by the Irrational Health Belief Scale (IHBS), regarding health behaviors (HBs). The aims of our study were to provide a validation of the Slovak translation of the IHBS and to assess the relationship of the IHBS with a wide ra...
One of the appeals of conspiracy theories in times of crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, is that they provide a scapegoat – someone to blame for what has happened. By doing this, they increase distrust, negative feelings, and even hostility toward implicated actors, whether those are powerful social outgroups or one’s own government representat...
Societal crises and stressful events are associated with an upsurge of conspiracy beliefs that may help people to tackle feelings of lack of control. In our study (N = 783), we examined whether people with higher feelings of anxiety and lack of control early in the COVID‐19 pandemic endorse more conspiracy theories. Our results show that a higher p...
As the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (causing COVID-19) has begun to spread around the world, education has taken the form of distance education from one day to the next. To this day, little is known about distance education during the pandemic period from teachers’ point of view, so the study focused on perception and management of distance education...
The purpose of this conference paper is to investigate the role of different thinking preferences with regard to personal data protection and digital literacy in the context of workplaces in Slovakia. We test the most well known concepts from intuition research and practice simultaneously. The study’s findings suggest that both intuitive and analyt...
Belief in astrology remains strong even today, and one of the explanations why some people endorse paranormal explanations is the individual differences in analytical thinking. Therefore, the main aim of this paper was to determine the effects of priming an analytical or intuitive thinking style on the credulity of participants. In two experiments...
We examined whether scientific reasoning is associated with health-related beliefs and behaviors over and above general analytic thinking ability in the general public (N = 783, aged 18–84). Health-related beliefs included: anti-vaccination attitudes, COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs, and generic health-related epistemically suspect beliefs. Scientific...
This paper presents the application of expert decision methods for the formulation and prioritization of the long-term economic, social and environmental policies in the Slovak Republic. The Partnership Agreement for the Slovak Republic (PA) is an underlying strategy for investments from the European Structural and Investment Funds (ESIF) in the pe...
A sample of 155 HR managers participated in an experimental vignette study. In Task 1, they evaluated three CV resumes in terms of the applicants’ competence, hireability, likeability and wage proposal of three applicants applying for a regional sales manager post. Half of the sample received CVs presented as females’ and half as males’, otherwise...
We examined whether scientific reasoning predicts health-related beliefs and behaviors over and above the general analytic thinking ability in general public (N = 783, aged between 18 – 84 years). Health-related beliefs included: the anti-vaccination attitudes, conspiracy beliefs related to the COVID-19 disease, and some generic epistemically suspe...
Threatening events (hurricanes, disease outbreaks, famines) are associated with an upsurge of conspiracy beliefs that provide people with simple explanations to tackle the feelings of anxiety and lack of control. In our study (N = 783), conducted shortly after the first cases of COVID-19 were identified in our country, we examined whether people wi...
The present study was focused on examination of conspiracy beliefs in a specific sample of future teachers. The main aims of the study were to explore whether and to what extent endorse future teachers to conspiracy beliefs, and whether cognitive abilities are related to future teachers’ conspiracy beliefs. In two studies 394 future teachers comple...
The main aim of the study was to explore managers’ decision-making process, focusing particularly on intuition in decision-making from a psychological perspective. A total of 20 managers (8 women) participated in individual in-depth interviews. Analysis of the interviews shows that managers a) did not have a clear preference for one decision-making...
„Nič neprekvapí ľudí viac ako zdravý rozum a jasné jednanie.“
Stefan Zweig
Na Slovensku je dostatok odborných publikácií, ktoré sa zaoberajú myslením. Je však málo takých, ktoré by zrozumiteľne a na základe dôkazov pomáhali aplikovať metódy vedeckého myslenia v každodennom živote.
Kolektív autorov ponúka túto „príručku zdravého rozumu“ nielen š...
The aim in this paper was to explore the cognitive abilities of students of pedagogical faculty and their relationship with academic achievement and whether their cognitive abilities are related more to the traditional didactic test (reflecting learned, crystallized abilities) or to the measure of tacit knowledge (extra-class low-effort activities...
There are several available measures that can help us to distinguish between two general types of processing, usually known as intuitive and deliberative. In the current study we examined two of them, Rationality-Experiantility Inventory and Preference for Intuition/Deliberation Scale in Slovak sample of 860 working adults and students (Study 1). I...
People often pay too much attention to numerators and inadequate attention to denominators, this phenomenon is called denominator neglect. The aim of the study was mapping of frequency of denominator neglect, comparison of results with results of other studies and examination of possible moderators of denominator neglect. In two studies a total of...
What is rationality and what comprises rational behaviour of humans is in the centre of heated debate in judgement and decision making literature. Recently, Stanovich proposed a new tripartite model of human mind with an emphasis on “reflective mind” – our ability to reflect our goals and motives, which enables us to decide, when to act upon “intui...
In this study we tried to replicate the unconscious thought advantage (UTA), which states that complex decisions are better handled by unconscious thinking. We designed an experiment in e-prime using similar material as the original study (choosing between four different apartments, each described by 12 attributes). A total of 73 participants (52 w...
Research concerning mindreading has dealt extensively with its (in)dependence on executive functions. However, surprisingly few studies focused on direct relationship of mindreading with intelligence, although it has been proposed that high level mindreading in older children and adults is dependent on general cognitive skills. In the study reporte...
The Awkward Moments Test maps understanding of other's minds in older children and the aim of this study phase was to verify its psychometric parameters (in Slovak population). Participants were elementary school pupils (n = 312) between 10.58 and 15.92 years of age. AMT was administrated together with Imposing Memory Task and Basic Empathy Scale....