Eva Jozifkova

Jan Evangelista Purkyně University | UJEP · Department of Biology

Life in societies has evolved as a response of organisms to environmental conditions. Dominance hierarchy forms an inner structure of a society which allows society members to stay together without repeated fighting. Access to resources is provided by hierarchical status. In the absence of resources, the lowest ranking individuals are the most at r...

Dominanční hierarchie se vyvinula jako adaptace sociálně žijících živočichů na podmínky prostředí. Postavení v dominanční hierarchii výrazně ovlivňuje život a chování člověka i v dnešních moderních evropských a amerických společnostech. Zde 1) stručně vysvětlíme principy a evoluční pozadí dominanční hierarchie z úhlu pohledu behaviorálních věd, 2)...

Dominance Hierarchy: basic information, terms and principles in brief https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_2534-1

The presented study examines the ability of 265 children aged 4–12 years to correctly assign contextual cues and inner state values to a set of audio and audio-visual recordings of dog vocalizations and behaviors in different situations. Participants were asked to mark which situation each recording captured, what inner state of the dog it showed,...

Sexual arousal by dominance and submissiveness was long considered as pathology. Surprisingly, approximately half of respondents (n = 673) were excited by their partner’s submission or their own submission. A strong preference was found in 8.2% of respondents. 6.1% of respondents were not even excited by equality, but only by disparity. The respond...

Objective: Sexual arousal by dominance and submissiveness was long considered a mental disorder. The origin of this sexual preference has not been clearly explained. This study scrutinizes the hypothesis that sexual arousal by hierarchical disparity is a manifestation of mating strategy by comparing number of offspring and self-reported attractive...

Abstract Preference for BDSM sex is likely to originate in natural human behaviour. This preference may represent a mating strategy, i.e., adaptive behaviour enacted in contemporary living conditions. The BDSM sex is not a taboo any more. One could expect an increasing number of individuals interested in BDSM. Therefore, physicians and specialists...

Equality between partners is considering a feature of the functional partnerships in westernized societies. However, the evolutionary consequences of how in-pair hierarchy influences reproduction are less known. Attraction of some high-ranking women towards low-ranking men represents a puzzle. Young urban adults (120 men, 171 women) filled out a qu...

When practiced consensually, sadomasochistic sex is being increasingly accepted as an alternative sexuality. Here I suggest the possible evolutionary roots of the preferences, draw distinctions between violent, abusive and "healthy" practitioners' partnership, provide clear behavioural markers of the respective situations, and underline some specif...

Objectives: We theorize that sexual arousal by dominance and submission may be connected to a reproduction strategy respecting a reached social dominance rank (a common reproduction strategy in socially living mammals), while the preference for "bondage" may be derived from an opportunistic strategy when being unable to compete for hierarchic rank...

Consensual sadomasochistic sex (BDSM) is increasingly accepted as an alternative sexuality. Here I provide behavioral markers to draw the distinction between 1) violence and consensual BDSM sex, and 2) domestic violence, intimate partner violence, abusive BDSM relationship and healthy BDSM relationship. Konsenzuální sadomasochistický sex (BDSM) zač...

Despite being occasionally recommended as “enrichment“ of sexual experiences, preference for sadomasochistic sex is still considered a “disorder” (F65.5, ICD 10). Norway, Sweden and Denmark have removed this preference from list of disorders. Norway did it because 1) the preference was not disease 2) the diagnosis contributed to stigmatization. Abs...

Pornography continues to be a contentious matter with those on the one side arguing it detrimental to society while others argue it is pleasurable to many and a feature of free speech. The advent of the Internet with the ready availability of sexually explicit materials thereon particularly has seemed to raise questions of its influence. Following...

High hierarchical status is associated with increased reproduction success in mammals. However the subordinate males are not totally eliminated from reproduction due to mate choice and alternative male strategies. Thus; the sexual arousal by higher-ranking or lower-ranking partner in humans may represent a proximate mechanism for realizing a reprod...

The medicinal approach to the sadomasochistic sex seems to be influenced by the persisting culturally determined old-fashioned conception. The sub culture of sadomasochistic community members modified their sexual behavior so markedly that some authors consider sadomasochism to be a sociological phenomenon. The traditional medical judgment distorti...

Men and women differ in the importance that they ascribe to the characters of a potential mate. Previous work has shown that women rate olfactory cues as more important than men in mate choice. We investigated whether this sex difference (a) is specific to the mate choice context; (b) is reliant upon sexual experience; and (c) exhibits cross-cultur...

A b s t r a c t . Similarly to other Cervidae, conflicts and fights are frequent during the rut of fallow deer. The part of does (female fallow deer) during buck (male fallow deer) encounters was examined in this study. Encounters between adult bucks were recorded during the rut. The numbers of encounters with and without females present were nearl...

Both therapists and clients engaged in sadomasochistic sex consider beneficial to a client 1) helping the client to overcome shame and stigma 2) requiring a client to give up sadomasochistic sex in order to continue in treatment 3) understanding the distinction between consensual sadomasochistic sex and abuse 4) being able to distinguish abuse in r...

A striking contrast exists between biological and medical approach to the sexual variations. Three noticeable points of inconsistency are discussed. Firstly, variant sexual behavior may not automatically mean impaired behavior. Secondly, from biological point of view there is an evidence for continuity instead of splitting human sexuality in to the...

Dominance and submissiveness represent strong sexual arousal stimuli for a considerable part of population. In contrast to men's sexual dominance and women's sexual submissiveness, the opposite preferences represent an evolutionary enigma. Here, we studied prevalence and strength of particular preferences in general population by Internet-trap-meth...

There is growing evidence that the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii modifies behaviour of its intermediate hosts, including humans, where it globally infects about 20-60% of the population. Although it is considered asymptomatic in its latent stage, it was previously found to have remarkable and gender different effects on the personality factors A (war...