Eva K. Deli

• Ph.D.
• Research Director at Institute for Consciousness Science

Although Darwin's Theory of biological evolution is the cornerstone of 7 modern biology, it lacks proper physical foundations. We applied the second law of 8 thermodynamics to analyze biological evolution. Oscillating state variables such as 9 entropy, energy, temperature, pressure, and volume can be conceptualized as an 10 endothermic, reverse Car...

We are introducing a novel thermodynamic emotion model. In this model, emotions are regarded as deviations from equilibrium, akin to fluctuations in body temperature. This bipolar regulation maintains bodily and psychological homeostasis while spurring mental development. Emotional regulation typically occurs through expanding one's perception of t...

Neuroscience has made significant progress in understanding the brain, but the nature of consciousness remains elusive. At the same time, recent spectacular advancements in artificial intelligence promise the prospect of machines attaining human-like cognitive abilities. At the center of both systems is a fundamental dance of stimuli and response,...

One of the most puzzling questions in neuroscience is the nature of emotions and their role in consciousness. The brain’s significant energy investment in maintaining the resting state indicates its essential role as the ground state of consciousness, the source of the sense of self. Emotions, the brain’s homeostatic master regulators, continuously...

Although Darwin's theory of biological evolution is the cornerstone of modern biology, it lacks proper physical foundations. We consider ecosystems as closed systems that only exchange energy and information, not matter with the outside. Moreover, predictable and periodic fluctuations in entropy, genetic diversity, population number, and resource a...

Darwin's theory of biological evolution became a cornerstone of modern biology. However, predictable fluctuations in entropy, genetic diversity, population number, and resource availability in ecosystems turn evolution into a cyclic process. Moreover, ecosystems are closed systems that only exchange energy and information with the outside, therefor...

Darwin's theory of biological evolution became a cornerstone of modern biology. Predictable fluctuations in entropy, genetic diversity, population number, and resource availability in ecosystems turn evolution into a cyclic process, making the ecosystem's thermodynamic analysis possible. The sun's energy input drives a closed theoretical process, t...

In general relativity, Einstein's equations relate the geometry of space-time to the distribution of matter. Nevertheless, the equations are in contradiction with quantum mechanics and even possibly our experience of physical reality. We propose a thought experiment to investigate a compact wave function (WF) insulated by an information-blocking ho...

One of the most puzzling questions in neuroscience is the nature of emotions and their role in consciousness. The sensory system's energy/information exchange revolves around a stable resting state. Therefore, cognitive perception represents information-energy exchange with the environment, giving rise to a closed thermodynamic cycle, which can be...

In general relativity, Einstein's equations relate the geometry of space-time to the distribution of matter. Nevertheless, the equations are in contradiction with quantum mechanics and even possibly our experience of physical reality. We propose a thought experiment to investigate a compact wave function (WF) insulated by an information-blocking ho...

One of the most puzzling questions in neuroscience is the nature of emotions and their role in consciousness. The sensory system's energy/information exchange revolves around a stable resting state; therefore, perception represents a closed thermodynamic cycle and can be modeled via the reversible Carnot engine. The brain's significant energy inves...

One of the most puzzling questions in neuroscience is the nature of emotions and their role in consciousness. The sensory system's energy/information exchange revolves around a stable resting state; therefore, perception represents a closed thermodynamic cycle and can be modeled via the reversible Carnot engine. The brain's significant energy inves...

In general relativity, Einstein's equations relate the geometry of space-time to the distribution of matter. Nevertheless, the equations are in contradiction with quantum mechanics and even possibly our experience of physical reality. We propose a thought experiment to investigate a compact wave function (WF) insulated by an information-blocking ho...

In general relativity, Einstein's equations relate the geometry of space-time to the distribution of matter. Nevertheless, the equations are in contradiction with quantum mechanics and even possibly our experience of physical reality. We propose a thought experiment to investigate a compact wave function (WF) insulated by an information-blocking ho...

One of the most puzzling questions in neuroscience is the nature of emotions and their role in consciousness. The sensory system's energy/information exchange revolves around a stable resting state; therefore, perception represents a closed thermodynamic cycle and can be modeled via the reversible Carnot engine. The brain's significant energy inves...

One of the most puzzling questions in neuroscience is the nature of emotions and their role in consciousness. The sensory system's energy/information exchange revolves around a stable resting state; therefore, perception represents a closed thermodynamic cycle and can be modeled via the reversible Carnot engine. The brain's significant energy inves...

Deep neural networks (DNNs), founded on the brain's neuronal organization, can extract higher-level features from raw input. However, complex intellect via autonomous decision-making is way beyond current AI design. Here we propose an autonomous AI inspired by the thermodynamic cycle of sensory perception, operating between two information density...

The neural systems’ electric activities are fundamental for the phenomenology of consciousness. Sensory perception triggers an information/energy exchange with the environment, but the brain’s recurrent activations maintain a resting state with constant parameters. Therefore, perception forms a closed thermodynamic cycle. In physics, the Carnot eng...

Decision making from thermodynamics perspective

Thermodynamics studies the relations between heat, work, temperature, and energy. The laws of thermodynamics describe how the energy in a system changes and whether the system can perform useful work on its surroundings. Thermodynamics has proved fruitful in many fields, such as chemistry, biology, and economics, and gives us hope for cognitive ana...

Deep neural networks (DNNs), founded on the brain's neuronal organization, can extract higher-level features from raw input. However, complex intellect via autonomous decision-making is way beyond current AI design. Here we propose an autonomous AI inspired by the thermodynamic cycle of sensory perception, operating between two information density...

We create a model universe by equipping a topological surface (system) with compact dimensions insulated by an information blocking horizon. The insulated compact WF can produce entanglement independent of distance. Interaction between the system and the WF changes the curvature of the first and the quantum state (frequency) of the second in an int...

We considered energy-information transformations that satisfy the Landauer's principle, in self-regulating systems. Intelligent computation, such as the brain's processing of information, is founded on the high entropy resting state. Stimulus, which represents spatial information, increases temperature via the reverse Carnot cycle. Orthogonal trans...

There is a general expectation that the laws of classical physics must apply to biology, particularly the neural system. The evoked cycle represents the brain's energy/information exchange with the physical environment through stimulus. Therefore, the thermodynamics of emotions might elucidate the neurological origin of intellectual evolution, and...

The living state is low entropy, highly complex organization, yet it is part of the energy cycle of the environment. Due to the recurring presence of the resting state, stimulus and its response form a thermodynamic cycle of perception that can be modeled by the Carnot engine. The endothermic reversed Carnot engine relies on energy from the environ...

Scientific investigations in the past decades have revealed that the brain’s electric activities correlate with the phenomenology of consciousness. Thus, cognitive science increasingly utilizes physical principles for its analyses. Recently, the Fermionic Mind Hypothesis (FMH) was suggested to explain the hard problem of consciousness. Quantum cogn...

The recognition that the brain's electric activities correlate with psychophysiology has encouraged the application of physical principles in the analysis of cognitive processes. Perception is an orthogonal transformation of the spatial organization of the physical world into a temporally organized system-the discrete processing of stimulus centers...

The Wheeler-De Witt equation in general relativity predicts a static state of the universe. The Page and Wootters principle of static time recognizes that quantum entanglement can produce an evolving “universe” that stays static for external observers. The resulting system naturally satisfies Mach's principle.

The possible presence of further dimensions hidden in our three-dimensional-plus time world might help to elucidate countless physical and biological systems’ behaviors, from quantum entanglement to brain function. Nevertheless, suggestions concerning multidimensional arrangement of physical and biological systems do not deserve the role of scienti...

The brain displays a low-frequency ground energy confirmation, called the resting state, which is characterized by an energy/information balance via self-regulatory mechanisms. Despite the high-frequency evoked activity, e.g., the detail-oriented sensory processing of environmental data and the accumulation of information, nevertheless the brain’s...

Brain electric activity exhibits two important features: oscillations with different timescales, characterized by diverse functional and psychological outcomes, and a temporal power law distribution. In order to further investigate the relationships between low- and high- frequency spikes in the brain, we used a variant of the Borsuk–Ulam theorem w...

The brain is a system at the edge of chaos equipped with nonlinear dynamics and functional energetic landscapes. However, still doubts exist concerning the type of attractors or the trajectories followed by particles in the nervous phase space. Starting from a system governed by differential equations in which a dissipative strange attractor coexis...

The brain displays a low-frequency ground energy conformation, called the resting state, which is characterized by energy/information balance via self-regulatory mechanisms. Despite the high-frequency evoked activity accumulates information from the detail-oriented sensory processing of environmental data, nevertheless the brain's automatic regulat...

Plasma studies depict collisionless, collective movements of charged particles. In touch with these concepts, originally developed by the far-flung branch of high energy physics, here we evaluate the role of collective behaviors and long-range functional couplingsof charged particlesin brain dynamics. We build a novel, empirically testable, brain m...

The possible presence of further dimensions hidden in our three-dimensional-plus time world might help to elucidate countless physical and biological systems' behaviors , from quantum entanglement to brain function. Nevertheless, suggestions concerning multidimensional arrangement of physical and biological systems do not deserve the role of scient...

Recent cosmological data shows the Milky Way galaxy being pushed ahead of a void. Independently, laboratory research created matter with negative mass. A possible relationship between these seemingly unrelated results indicates the need to reexamine our understanding of gravity. According to Page and Wootter mechanism, time is globally static, but...

It is a great aspiration to consider biological systems, especially the notoriously unpredictable brain, with mathematical tools, because of their reliable predictive power. The classic idea that the brain can be compartmentalized into operational modules, such as vision, movement, emotions or consciousness has come up empty. A new surge of publica...

It is a great aspiration to consider biological systems, especially the notoriously unpredictable brain with mathematical tools, because of their reliable predictive power. The classic idea that the brain can be compartmentalized into operational modules, such as vision, movement, emotions or consciousness has come up empty. A new surge of publicat...

Interaction produces change. Responses to stimuli improve the brain’s operational symmetry vis-à-vis the physical world and engenders the mind, an analogue system to elementary particles. Photons are the fundamental forces for interaction between fermions and emotions are energy imbalances of the brain, which trigger actions that recover the energy...

A new physical worldview is introduced, which shows that mental operations are analogous to the physical world, and that just like photons, emotions carry energy. Photons are the fundamental interactions of fermions, and in the brain, sensory stimulus triggers energy imbalances, called emotions, the forces of mental interaction. Therefore, emotions...

Mammalian cells express a phospholipase D (PLD)-like enzyme which forms ethanolamine from phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn) by a protein kinase C-alpha (PKC-alpha)-activated, presently unknown, mechanism. Now we report that addition of a PKC-alpha-enriched purified PKC preparation or recombinant PKC-alpha to a plasma membrane-enriched membrane frac...

It has been reported that in rat fibroblasts cell-permeable ceramide analogs inhibit agonist-induced phospholipase D (PLD)-mediated hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho). Here we demonstrate that relatively short (30 min) treatments of NIH 3T3 fibroblasts with 15-60 microM concentrations of N-acetylsphingosine result in preferential, although...

In order to assess the relationship between de novo phospholipid synthesis and remodeling by deacylation-reacylation, we have pulse-labeled glycerolipids by incubating rat hepatocytes in media containing either [U-14C]glycerol or H218O. Further incubation for up to 2 h in the absence of the labeled substrates and analysis of phosphatidylcholine (PC...

Previously, the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor sphingosine was found to stimulate phospholipase D (PLD)-mediated hydrolysis of both phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn) and phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho) in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts [Kiss & Anderson (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 7345-7350]. Here we examined the possible relationship between the opposite effect...

It has been shown that human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL601 and acute myeloblastic leukemia cell line KG-12 can be induced to terminally differentiate to macrophage-like cells by 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Because TPA is a potent activator of protein kinase C (PKC) and the enzyme is the only known high affinity receptor for...

Chicken eggs were treated with 0.4 per cent solutions of parathion or methylparathion for four or eight days, and the two-dimensional gel electrophoretic protein pattern of cervical muscles of eighteen days old embryos was analyzed. Both compounds significantly decreased the content of alpha-actinin, alpha-tubulin and beta-tubulin after four days t...

Pulse-chase experiments, performed with 14C-labeled choline, were used to study the possible effect of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) on the terminal step of sphingomyelin (CerPCho) synthesis from phosphatidylcholine in intact human promyelocytic leukemic HL60 cells. Addition of TPA for the chase period significantly increased the rate...

Immunocytochemical methods were used to study protein kinase C (PKC) distribution in HL60 cells during the entire course of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced differentiation. After an initial translocation of PKC from cytoplasm to plasma membrane, the enzyme was localized close to the nuclear membrane region at day 1 of TPA treatme...

Interactions of protein kinase C (PKC) and cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) systems were investigated in HL60 cells. It was found that the differentiating effects of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) were potentiated by dibutyryl cAMP (dbcAMP) or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). In addition, dbcAMP or PGE2 inhibited TPA-induced binding of PKC t...

Treatment of human promyelocytic leukaemia HL60 cells in conditioned medium with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) for 4 h resulted in 25-30% inhibition of labelling of phosphatidylserine (PS) with [U-14C]serine. PS labelling was 40% lower, and no inhibitory TPA effect was observed when the experiments were performed in fresh medium. Cyclo...

An immunocytochemical method was used to determine possible changes in the subcellular distribution of protein kinase C (PKC) in human neutrophils in response to opsonized latex beads and zymosan. While in resting cells most of the PKC immunoreactivity was localized in the cytoplasm, a redistribution of PKC to the plasma and phagosomal membranes wa...

The effects of protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor polymyxin B (PMB) and PKC activators 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and bryostatin on intact HL60 cells were examined. It was found that each of the three agents exhibited similar effects on phosphorylation of certain endogenous proteins, PKC translocation from cytoplasm to plasma membrane...

Human myeloid leukemia KG-1 cells are induced to differentiate to macrophage-like cells by tumor-promoting phorbol esters, such as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Cells from the cloned subline, KG-1a, unlike the parental line, are resistant to the differentiating effect of TPA. In the present studies, we investigated in these cells prot...

Spermine or putrescine increased cAMP levels through a catalase-sensitive mechanism, resulting in, most notably, a dephosphorylation of protein A (Mr 45,000, pI 5.15) and protein B (Mr 45,000, pI 4.9) and slightly increased phosphatidylcholine (PC) synthesis in HL60 cells. Exogenous dibutyryl cAMP mimicked the polyamine effects. 12-O-Tetradecanoyl...

The tumor-promoting 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) stimulated phosphorylation of several proteins in block I (including protein Ia) and protein 3 in HL60 cells. The antileukemic agent alkyllysophospholipid (ALP) inhibited the TPA-stimulated phosphorylation of these proteins and the TPA-induced differentiation of the cells. In comparison...

Wofatox 50 EC is a widely used experimental insecticide, which can expose the pheasants (non-target organisms) during the plant protection practice. The test material was employed in 4 different aqueous emulsions, of which the 2 lowest level (0.2 and 0.4%) corresponded to the concentrations used in plant protection. The total volume of injected emu...

An experimental insecticide Wofatox 50 EC, injected into the embryonated eggs from hens and pheasants at 12th day of incubation, caused a significantly diminished body mass, a high incidence of developmental malformations and embryonic mortalities at higher dose-levels. The lower, in plant protection practice used concentration was no teratogenic o...

On day 12 of incubation 0.4% and 4.0% aqueous emulsions of Wofatox 50 EC (50% methylparathion) were injected into the air space of the chicken egg. The eggs were opened on the day 19 of incubation and samples were obtained from both cervical and femoral muscles. Atrophy was found only in the cervical muscles by light microscopic evaluation. It is k...