Ethel Suman

• Manipal Academy of Higher Education

Background Antimicrobial resistance exhibited by bacteria against the major-ity of antibiotics has resulted in research on alternative methods of treatment. Aloe vera has a strong tradition as a medical plant with a wide range of therapeutic uses. Objective The objective of this study is to determine the antibacterial activity of gel and crude eth...

Objectives White spot lesions are the most common iatrogenic effect observed during orthodontic treatment. This study aimed to compare the surface characteristics and antibacterial action of uncoated and coated orthodontic brackets. Materials and methods Sixty commercially available stainless steel brackets were coated with TiO2 nanotubes and meth...

Nisin is a lantibiotic effective against Gram-positive microorganisms such as Streptococcus mutans. The study aimed to determine the effect of the addition of nisin to high-viscosity glass-ionomer cement (HVGIC) on its antibacterial activity, setting time, surface microhardness, and compressive strength. 1 and 3% w/w nisin were added to HVGIC befor...

Introduction and Aim: Hospital-acquired infection with multidrug-resistant bacteria following urinary catheter use in hospitalized patients is mainly due to the biofilm-forming ability of these bacteria. It becomes essential to look at the other options of treatment of such urinary tract infections (UTI) and one such option has been the use of bact...

Objectives White spot lesions is the most common iatrogenic effect observed post orthodontic treatment. This study aimed to compare the surface characteristics such as morphology, roughness, and antibacterial action of uncoated and coated orthodontic brackets. ¹ Materials and Methods Sixty commercially available stainless steel brackets were coated...

Background: With an increasing trend of pathogenic bacteria developing resistance to the existing drugs, there is a need for newer therapeutic measures. Nigella sativa seeds and oil have been used for decades as Ayurveda, Unani Tibb and other forms of traditional medicine for various disorders. Thymoquinone is one of the active components of the N...

Introduction and Aim: Acinetobacter baumannii, is the cause of many nosocomial infections which poses a serious threat to patients. Being a highly resistant organism, it has been placed in the critical priority list by WHO in 2017, thereby requiring newer effective drugs and alternative strategies. Increased antibiotic resistance has made it diffic...

Background: Cention N is relatively new and an "alkasite" restorative material, indicated for direct restorations. Aim: The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the sealing ability of Cention N and resin-modified glass ionomer cement (GIC) when used to restore primary molars. Methods and materials: It is a split-mouth study. Twenty...

Purpose: Candida albicans is frequently detected together with Streptococcus mutans in the plaque or biofilms of children with early childhood caries (ECC). The aim of this study was to examine the association of the microbial counts of C. albicans and S. mutans in the supragingival plaque with the activity status of carious lesions and oral healt...

To study the risk factors and outcome of blood stream infection caused by non-fermenting gram negative bacilli (NFGNB) and their pattern of antibiotic susceptibility and genes. We included sepsis cases with blood culture positive for NFGNB. MIC for colistin was determined by broth microdilution method. Multiplex PCR was used to detect BlaIMP, BlaVI...

Background: Use of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) after selective caries excavation can arrest the further progress of the carious lesion. Application of potassium iodide (KI) can reduce the staining due to SDF. Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the application of SDF, with and without acid etching and KI on the bond strengt...

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of cavity liner on marginal adaptation and microleakage of resin composite restorations placed with and without selective caries excavation. Materials and Methods: Class II cavities were prepared in 64 extracted upper premolar teeth followed by microbiological caries induction to simulate deep ca...

Background: Antimicrobial agents serve as an effective adjunct in plaque control, and chlorhexidine has been the gold standard. However, the philosophy that natural agents are better for children's oral health is on the rise. Probiotic technology represents a breakthrough approach to maintain oral health by utilizing natural beneficial bacteria co...

Objective: The present study aimed at finding the resistance pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other Pseudomonas species isolated from various clinical specimens in the laboratory.Methods: A total of 150 isolates of different species of Pseudomonas obtained from various clinical specimens processed at the Microbiology laboratory of Kasturba Med...

Objective: Tobacco use in the smoking or smokeless form is the most common form of substance abuse recorded in the world. Not only does tobacco influence carcinogenesis but also modifies the oral microflora. The aim of our study was to assess the growth pattern of Streptococcus mutans under the influence of cigarette extract.Methods: Pure stock cul...

Aim The aim of the study was to evaluate if vinegar and vinegar with 3.5% sodium chloride could be used as an alternative to chlorhexidine gluconate for disinfection of toothbrushes. Materials and methods The study consisted of three groups: group I: 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate, group II: 38% white vinegar, and group III: 38% white vinegar wit...

Background: Microbial biofilm formation on contact lenses and lens storage cases may be a risk factor for contact lens-associated corneal infections. Various types of contact lens care solutions are used to reduce microbial growths on lenses. Objectives: The present study aimed at comparing the growths of biofilms on the different contact lenses...

Background Endodontic instrumentation carries the risk of over extrusion of debris and bacteria. The technique used and the type of instrumentation influences this risk. Aim The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the K-file, ProTaper hand and ProTaper rotary instrumentation systems for the amount of apically extruded debris, irrigan...

Background: Contaminants from various sources are curious findings in cervicovaginal smears and pose diagnostic challenges especially when they need to be distinguished from pathogens. Candidiasis is the most frequently encountered fungal infection but fungal contaminants are relatively common. Detection of fruiting bodies and spores of Aspergillu...

Introduction: Diphtheroids are defined as aerobic, non-sporulating, pleomorphic Gram-positive bacilli which are more uniformly stained than Corynebacterium diphtheriae, lack the metachromatic granules and are arranged in a palisade manner. They are usually commensals of the skin and mucous membranes. They differ from C.diphtheriae in biochemical r...

The study aimed at finding the action of Fluoride and Chlorhexidine varnish on the amount of biofilm produced by Streptococcus mutans in vitro. Streptococcus mutans isolated from the plaque of 30 patients prior to varnish treatment and following treatment were used for the study. Biofilm production was done by O' Toole and Kolter method and OD valu...

Background and objectives: Cranberry juice is known to prevent urinary tract infections. One of the important mechanisms of pathogenesis by uropathogens is the production of biofilms and bacterial adherence which is usually prevented by cranberry juice. However, Cranberry is mainly found in America and an alternative source needs to be found. This...

Recent systematic reviews on clinical trials comparing the efficacy of chlorhexidine and fluoride varnish found that the evidence was inconclusive and further well-conducted randomized controlled clinical trials were advocated. To compare the effect of fluoride varnish (F) and Chlorhexidine-thymol varnish (CHX/T) with intensive application regimen...

Introduction: The presence of bacteria in the form of biofilms poses a problem in the fluid pathways of haemodialysis plants and procedures which are aimed to detach and neutralize biofilms are necessary to improve the patient safety and the quality of the healthcare. The present study was therefore aimed at isolating the organisms which colonized...

To compare the phagocytic activity and intracellular killing activity of Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes in peripheral blood of patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and healthy controls.Study comprised of thirty patients with histologically proven squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and ten controls that were age -and sex -matched healthy...

Background: Intravascular catheters and urinary catheters are an important source of hospital-acquired infections. Many microorganisms colonize indwelling catheters, including central venous catheters (CVCs) forming biofilms and cause infections that are difficult to treat. Although various methods have been employed to reduce biofilms, enzymes in...

Purpose: To study the effect of ASAP solution (10 ppm silver solution) on pathogenic bacteria and Candida albicans. Materials and methods: The bacteria studied included Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis, drug-resistant Escherichia coli, ESBL producing Klebsiella pneumoniae, drug-resistant Pseudo...

To determine the role of humoral immune response and bacterial adherence in the pathogenesis of symptomatic and asymptomatic urinary tract infection in women. The study population consisted of 30 women with symptomatic UTI, 30 women with asymptomatic UTI and 30 healthy women as controls. Bacterial adherence to vaginal epithelial cells was studied a...

Purpose: To determine the role of humoral immune response and bacterial adherence in the pathogenesis of symptomatic and asymptomatic urinary tract infection in women. Methods: The study population consisted of 30 women with symptomatic UTI, 30 women with asymptomatic UTI and 30 healthy women as controls. Bacterial adherence to vaginal epithelial c...

To study the significance of bacterial adherence and humoral immune response in the pathogenesis of recurrent urinary tract infection in adult women. The study population consisted of 30 women with recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) and 30 healthy women as controls. Bacterial adherence to vaginal epithelial cells was studied. The concentration...