Essam Abdel-sattar

• Doctor of Philosophy
• Professor Emeritus at Cairo University

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is primarily recognized as a pathogen responsible for skin, soft tissue, and multiple organs infection. The colonization of the skin and mucous membranes by hypervirulent resistant bacteria like MRSA during hospitalization significantly contributes to life-threatening conditions. Friedelin (FRN) is...

In the dynamic realm of scientific inquiry, the identification and characterization of biologically active compounds derived from plant extracts have become of utmost significance. A particularly noteworthy flavonoid in this regard is aromadendrin (AMD), which can be found in a diverse range of foods, fruits, plants, and natural sources. The versat...

Duranta erecta Linn. belongs to the Verbenaceae family and is primarily found in subtropical, tropical, and temperate climates. The plant has been reported to contain a variety of phytoconstituents, including iridoid glycosides, flavonoids, flavonoid glycosides, alkaloids, phenolics, tannins, terpenoids, steroids, and saponins. In this investigatio...

A huge amount of information, related to herbals is based exclusively on historical beliefs. Therefore, we aim to provide scientific validation for some of the traditional uses attributed to Olea europaea (OE) and Tamarix aphylla (TA). To achieve this, we conducted experiments to ensure the safety of the aqueous extract of OE and the methanolic ext...

Cissus rotundifolia Lam. (Vitaceae) is a wild plant that is commonly used as food and medicine. There are limited studies on the phytochemical composition of this plant. So, this study aims to investigate C. rotundifolia growing in Yemen phytochemically. HPLC analysis of C. rotundifolia aerial parts led to the identification and quantification of f...

This study addresses a comparative comprehensive metabolic profiling of two Egyptian cultivars of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) seeds ‘Giza 2’ and ‘Giza 30’ via RP-HPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS and MS/MS. Briefly, 126 metabolites were detected in the samples under investigation, being classified into hydroxybenzoic acids (8), hydroxycinnamic acids (7...

There is an increasing interest in using iridoids and secoiridoids as major targets for chemical synthesis and biosynthesis. Iridoids can be found in numerous species of Lamiaceae, Verbenaceae, Scrophulariaceae, and other families. Iridoids possess a chemical structure characterized by a cyclopentane ring with oxidative substituents, forming a six‐...

Background Wound management is a critical procedure in veterinary practice. A wound is an injury that requires the body’s cells’ alignment to break down due to external assault, such as trauma, burns, accidents, and diseases. Re-epithelization, extracellular matrix deposition, especially collagen, inflammatory cell infiltration, and development of...

SARS‐CoV‐2 caused pandemic represented a major risk for the worldwide human health, animal health and economy, forcing extraordinary efforts to discover drugs for its prevention and cure. Considering the extensive interest in the pregnane glycosides because of their diverse structures and excellent biological activities, we investigated them as ant...

Jatropha variegata and Jatropha spinosa (family: Euphorbiaceae) are utilized in Yemeni traditional medicine to treat respiratory tract infection and in different skin conditions such as wound healing, as antibacterial and hemostatic. In this study, we evaluated the cytotoxicity and the antiviral activities of the methanolic J. variegata (leaves: Ex...

Background With the emergence of many side effects from synthetic drugs, there is an urgent need to find a natural alternative to these products. Therefore, our primary aim was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of Tamarix aphylla (TA) and investigate the potential mechanism underlying this action. Methods Initially, to ensure the safety o...

Background In the last few decades, the use of plant extracts and their phytochemicals as candidates for the management of parasitic diseases has increased tremendously. Irises are aromatic and medicinal plants that have long been employed in the treatment of different infectious diseases by traditional healers in many cultures. This study aims to...

A biofilm is a natural form of a surface-attached community of bacterial cells bound to each other by an extracellular matrix. The challenge of biofilm-linked infections is the noteworthy resistance of bacterial cells to both host immune responses and available antibiotics. Moreover, the misuse of antibiotics led to the emergence and widespread occ...

Ethnopharmacological relevance: The utilization of plants with therapeutic properties in traditional medicine has a longstanding practice. Among them, the well-known Allium cepa L. commonly known as onion has been valued for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential in the treatment of various ailments, including gastric ulcers. Aim of the...

Background Breast cancer is a prevalent malignant tumor that affects women worldwide. The primary challenge in treating breast cancer is combating drug resistance, which contributes to relapse and metastasis. Jatrophone is a unique macrocyclic jatrophane diterpene found in various Jatropha and Euphorbia species. It possesses diverse biological and...

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening syndrome that causes high morbidity and mortality worldwide. The aerial parts of Euphorbia grantii Oliv. were extracted with methanol to give a total methanolic extract (TME), which was further fractionated into dichloromethane (DCMF) and the remaining mother liquor (MLF) fractions. Biological guided an...

Ficus species (Moraceae) have been used for nutrition and traditional medicine, and plants from this family are phytochemically abundant and serve as a potential source of natural products. As a result of the inherent complexity of the plant metabolomes and the fact that these Ficus species chemical space has not yet been fully decoded, it is still...

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a cornerstone chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of several malignancies such as breast cancer; however, its activity is ameliorated by the development of a resistant phenotype. Phyllanthus species have been studied previously for their potential anticancer properties. The current work is aimed to study the potential cyto...

Background and objectives: Oleanolic acid (OA) is a penta-cyclic triterpene with diverse bioactivities such as anticarcinogenic, antiviral, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, anti-atherosclerotic, hypolipidemic, and gastroprotective. However, its effects on hepatorenal damage remain unclear. The protective activity of OA, separated from Viscum schimp...

The interest in herbal medicine as a source of drug leads is being reinforced, especially for tackling challenging therapeutic areas such as antimicrobial resistance, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and multiple sclerosis. Friedelin and 3β-friedelinol are pentacyclic triterpenoids commonly distributed in plants and are found in edible fruits and v...

Olive leaves are an immense source of antioxidant and antimicrobial bioactive constituents. This study investigated the effects of dietary incorporation of olive leaf extract (OLE) on the growth performance, hematobiochemical parameters, immune response, antioxidant defense, histopathological changes, and some growth- and immune-related genes in th...

The interest in herbal medicine as a source of drug leads is being reinforced, especially for tackling challenging therapeutic areas such as antimicrobial resistance, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and multiple sclerosis. Friedelin and 3β-friedelinol are pentacyclic triterpenoids commonly distributed in plants and are found in edible fruits and v...

The development of highly efficient and low-toxicity anticancer drugs is one of the most critical problems in the medical field. Euphorbia grantii is commonly reported as an antiviral plant; a dilute solution of its latex is used for intestinal worms and to promote blood clotting and tissue healing. Our study evaluated the antiproliferative activit...

Inflammation is a complex and crucial process that protects the body against pathogens. Here in our study, we propose to scientifically justify the anti-inflammatory activity of olive leaf (OL). Initially, we ensured the safety of olive leaf extract (OLE) through acute oral administration of graded doses up to 4 g\kg in Wistar rats. Thus, the extra...

Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Miller (OFI), belonging to the family Cactaceae, is widely cultivated not only for its delicious fruits but also for its health-promoting effects, which enhance the role of OFI as a potential functional food. In this study, the in vitro collagenase and elastase enzyme inhibitory effects of extracts from different parts of...

Yucca aloifolia L. fruit (Yucca or Spanish bayonet, family Asparagaceae) is recognized for its purplish red color reflecting its anthocyanin content, which has a powerful antioxidant activity. This study aimed to investigate yucca (YA) fruit extract’s protective effect on Parkinson’s disease (PD). In vitro study, the anti-inflammatory activity of y...

Bioactivity-guided fractionation of F. drupacea Thunb. extract revealed that the water fraction (FDWF) increased pH of the artificial gastric juice from 1.2 to 5.67 ± 0.015. The gastroprotective effect of FDWF against ulcer induced by ethanol was evaluated in rats. In ulcerogenic rats, increase in the gastric juice volume and ulcer lesions, and dec...

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening condition usually associated with poor therapeutic outcomes and a high mortality rate. Since 2019, the situation has worsened due to the COVID-19 pandemic. ALI had approximately 40% of deaths before COVID-19, mainly due to the dysfunction of the blood–gas barrier that led to lung edema, failure of gas e...

The members of the genus Phyllanthus have long been used in the treatment of a broad spectrum of diseases. They exhibited antiproliferative activity against various human cancer cell lines. Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer and a leading cause of cancer death among women. Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anticancer agent used to treat breast cancer...

From the dichloromethane (DCM) fraction of the crude ethanolic extract of Caralluma awdeliana, four pregnane glycosides and a flavone glycoside were isolated using a bio-guided isolation approach. The different extracts of C. awdeliana were subjected to in vitro enzyme inhibitory assays of anticholinesterase (AChE and BChE) and anti-inflammatory (C...

Plant resins are rich in bioactive compounds with high medicinal values. However, the chemistry and anti-inflammatory activity of the resins produced by trees of the genus Eucalyptus were scarcely investigated. The inflammatory targets cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), COX-2, TNF-, NF-B, and NO were significantly inhibited by the methanolic extract of Euca...

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the world's oldest cereal crops. There is considerable interest in barley's potential usage in human diets. Barley is rich in bioactive metabolites such as high content of β-glucan, fiber, and vitamin E. It is also well known as a rich source of phytochemical derivatives, namely, phenolic acids, flavonols, chal...

Plants of the genus Echinop (Asteraceae) are traditional medicinal plants used to treat several GIT ailments, owing to their diverse bioactive secondary metabolites, including sesquiterpenoids, triterpenoids, phytosterols, phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids, and essential oils. Echinops erinaceus Kit Tan is a wild perennial herb of the genus Echinops...

Red onion wastes (ROW) are valuable sources of bioactive metabolites with promising antimicrobial effects. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections are a growing risk in hospitals and communities. This study aims to investigate the in vitro and in vivo antibiofilm activities of the acidified ethanolic extract of red onion scale...

Ginger has a long history of use as a pungent spice for food and medicinal applications. Drying and grinding of fresh ginger lead to a decrease in its major pungent components, gingerols, and to an increase in shogaols (dehydration iso-mers). The present study was designed to prepare a gingerols-rich extract from ginger powder using a green extract...

Plant resins or oleoresins comprise a chemically complex mixture of different classes of compounds. Oleoresin of the genus Araucaria combines essential oil (EO) and resin. It possesses gastroprotective, cytotoxic, and timicrobial, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activities. The study aimed to investigate the EOs from the oleoresins of two Arauca...

Wild plants are used by many cultures for the treatment of diverse ailments. However, they are formed from mixtures of many wanted and unwanted phytochemicals. Thus, there is a necessity to separate the bioactive compounds responsible for their biological activity. In this study, the chemical composition as well as antimicrobial and cytotoxic activ...

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Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) is a potential target for inflammatory-breast cancer treatment as it participates in its pathogenesis, such as tumor initiation, progression, survival, metastasis, and recurrence. In this study, we aimed to discover a novel anti-cancer treatment from natural products by targetin...

Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is an economically important crop worldwide for its oil and fiber (linen) content. Particularly, after the oil extraction, the cake is generated as a by-product. Since linseeds possess a unique nutritional profile, they have been incorporated for fortification of many food products. In addition, there is a growing i...

Opuntia ficus‐indica (OFI), widely recognized as prickly pear, is native to Mexico and it is distributed in many areas of the world because of its socioeconomic, agronomic, and ecological benefits, besides its large amounts of functional, nutraceutical, and biological activities. Various parts of this plant including the fruit pulp and peel, cladod...

The aqueous remained fraction after partitioning the crude ethanol extract with ether and methylene chloride of the aerial parts of Caralluma arabica yielded six pregnane glycosides, four of them were found to be new pregnane glycosides and were identified using spectral analysis (MS, 1D and 2DNMR) as 3β,14β, di-hydroxypregn-5-en-20-one-3-O-β-d-glu...

Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is an economically important crop worldwide. After the oil extraction, the cake is generated as a by-product. This study addresses a comprehensive metabolites profiling of the cakes of four Egyptian cultivars of linseed via RP-HPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS and MS/MS with chemometrics. Totally, 162 metabolites were detected in th...

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Pregnanes and pregnane glycosides or their esters are well-studied secondary metabolites, many of them exhibit immunomodulator, anticancer, antidiabetic, antarthritic, antiulcer, anti-nociceptive, hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties. Pregnane glycosides are widely distributed in the families Apocyanaceae and Asclepiadacea...

Natural products are considered as a good source of antifibrotic agents, but identifying and isolating bioactive molecule(s) is still challenging. Fortunately, numerous computational techniques have evolved to save time and efforts in this field. The aim of the current study was to utilize several cheminformatics software to study the chemical and...

A large amount of wastes and by-products are generated during the vegetables and fruits production and food industry. These wastes create increasing disposal and severe environmental problems or discarded with a loss of valuable biomass and nutrients. However, these wastes contain bioactive compounds of great potential and value-added compounds. Th...

Moringa stenopetala (Baker f.) Cuf.and other Moringa species have traditionally been used to treat various diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of the methanolic extract of M. stenopetala leaf and its fractions on selected tumor cells. Cytotoxicity was determined by MTT assay. The comet assay was...

Nowadays, the use of natural and eco-friendly compounds for control of synanthropic rodents instead of chemical rodenticides is an important step in integrated pest management (IPM). Three by-products, namely corn cobs, rice straw and sugarcane bagasse, consisting of cellulose as the main active ingredient, were investigated to combat the Norway ra...

Root and bark of Limonium axillare (Forssk) Kuntze are used as antidiabetic remedies in parts of East Africa, but this activity has never been fully investigated. To validate its ethnobotanical use, we compared the chemical and pharmacological profiles of the ethanolic extracts of L. axillare root (REE) and aerial parts (AEE). Administration of REE...

Our study has renewed interest in the genus Jasmine for the treatment of chronic inflammatory conditions. Aerial parts of Jasminum grandiflorum L. subsp. floribundum total methanolic extract (JTME) were tested for its therapeutic potential as an anti-inflammatory agent using two experimental models in rats; acetic acid (AA) induced ulcerative colit...

Caralluma hexagona Lavranos (Family Asclepiadaceae) is an endemic herb in Yemen and Saudi Arabia, traditionally used to treat diabetes, abdominal pain, and stomach ulcers. Different extracts, fractions, and main constituents of C. hexagona were evaluated for their inhibitory activity against key enzymes in diabetes and hyperlipidemia, i.e., α-gluco...

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDRAB) present a serious challenge because of their capability to cause biofilm resistance to commonly used antibiotics producing chronic infections and hindering the process of wound healing. In the current study, we investigated the antibacterial a...

Flaxseed is considered an indispensable generally recognized as safe (GRAS) source of polyphenolic lignans, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), fibers as well as minerals and vitamins. The metabolite content of flaxseed reflects its nutritional and medicinal value. Therefore, the selection of flaxseed variety for food industry is dependent on its m...

Hydroxyl radical (• OH) scavenging capacity of aqueous dill (Anethum graveolens L.) shoot (ADSh) extract was assessed using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. ADSh extract (at concentrations of 0.5 and 10 mg/ml) exerted high (OH) radical scavenging power. ADSh extract was further fractionated on Diaion HP20 column to yield five fra...

Ethnopharmacological relevance Jasminum grandiflorum L. is a medicinal plant widely used in the traditional system of Medicine as an anthelmintic in ringworm infections, for treating ulcers, stomatitis, skin diseases, and wounds. Aim of the study The emergence of resistance by different parasites to currently used chemicals has been reported. Ther...

Echinops erinaceus Kit Tan is a wild plant growing in the middle regions of Saudi Arabia. From the available literature, nothing has been reported on its chemical analysis or biological activity. In this study, various extracts of Echinops erinaceus were estimated for their total phenolics, and flavonoids contents. The extracts were also evaluated...

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is a global oil crop. Sesame oil has been regarded as functional oil with antioxidant properties in several in vivo studies but little is known about its minor fraction. In this line, this study figures out the profile of the polar fraction of Egyptian cultivar Giza 32 sesame oil (SG32 oil) employing reversed-phase high-...

Vicia faba L. is a legume from the family Fabaceae Ancient. Egyptians consumed faba beans thousands of years ago and is still the most popular type of food in Egypt. The current study examined the anti-Parkinson effect of the 80% methanolic extracts of seeds and sprouts of faba 'Sakha 3'cultivar selected based on the total phenol content among thre...

Introduction: Polysaccharides have numerous therapeutic values including immunity stimulation, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition, wound healing, anti-diabetic and cytotoxic activities, in addition to their potent anti-oxidant properties. This work examined the gastroprotective and ulcer healing potential of mucilage fraction isolated from So...

Ethnopharmacological relevance Caralluma species are traditional edible herbs used in folkloric medicine as antidiabetic, antioxidant, antipyretic, antirheumatic, anti-inflammatory and anthelmintic agents. C. quadrangula was selected in this study to document the traditional use of the genus as anti-rheumatic treatment and the possible mechanisms o...

Gastric ulcers are a very common public health problem affecting up to 10% worldwide. Russelioside B is a steroidal glycoside isolated from several Caralluma species. No study tested the ulcer healing potential of the compound. The current study aimed to assess the protective effect of russelioside B against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury i...

The atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) is invariably an incidental histological change, with no clinical findings specific for its diagnosis, and the mean patient age at diagnosis is 64–70 years. The incidence of AAH varies between 1.5 and 19.6% of transurethral resections and in up to 33% of radical prostatectomies. Herbal medicines are becomi...

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an important oil crop whose cultivation is distributed all over the world. Sesame oil has been regarded as functional oil with antioxidant properties in several in vivo studies. In this context, the present study describes the metabolic profiling of the oil extracted from sesame seeds to provide new clues about the co...

Ochrosia elliptica Labill is a small tropical evergreen tree native to Oceania belonging to the Apocynaceae family. Eight alkaloids, two flavonoid glycosides and three phenolic acids were identified by LC/MS analysis. On the other hand, the quality and uniformity of the plant leaves were assessed through the determination of the total phenolic and...

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Solenostemma argel (Argel) is a traditional perennial edible herb that is commonly used in folkloric medicine for the treatment of rheumatic pain, inflammation, bronchitis, cold, diabetes, gastrointestinal cramps, and urinary tract infections. No previous reports traced the mechanistic activity of this plant for tre...

Objectives This study was designed to investigate the effect of Morus nigra fruit extract in retarding the progression of diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced diabetic rats. Methods Diabetic male Wistar rats were injected with black mulberry fruit extract (BMFE) at doses of 150 and 300 mg/kg body weight. After 4 weeks, microalbumin...

Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Malvaceae) is one of the well-known traditionally used remedy worldwide. It exhibited numerous pharmacological properties including antioxidant, antidepressant, sedative, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, antimicrobial and neuroprotective activities. The aim of this study is to highlight the mechanisms underlying the neu...

Plant resins are reported to have high medicinal values due to their content of bioactive metabolites. Few reports were found in the last two decades concerning the chemistry and anti-inflammatory activity of the resins belonging to Eucalyptus and Araucaria genera. Therefore, the exudate resins of Eucalyptus maculata, Araucaria excelsa and Araucari...

In the present work, antioxidant activity, total phenolics (TP), and total flavonoids (TF) contents of aqueous and methanol extracts of celery were determined, in addition to untargeted metabolites profiling its methanol celery root extract (MCRE) via UPLC‐MS. Although MCRE exhibited the lowest TPC and TFC levels, it presented the most potential hy...

As ongoing investigation of Huernia saudi-arabica D.V.Field (Asclepiadaceae), a new steroidal pregnane glycoside (Huernioside A) was isolated from dichloromethane fraction (DCM); it was identified as 3β, 11, 14β, 20(R)-tetrahydroxy-pregna-5,9(11)-diene-3-O-β-D-thevetopyranosyl-(1-4)-β-D-cymaropyranoside(HCP) through analysis of 1D, 2D NMR besides E...

Fava beans are considered basic food in Egypt and all over the world. They are a source of many bioactive secondary metabolites. Since there are many Egyptian cultivars of fava beans, this study addresses comparative chemical profiling of three Egyptian cultivars of fava beans namely Sakha 3, Nubaria 3, and Giza 843. The study also focuses on the e...

Three new pregnane glycosides in addition to four known compounds were isolated from the methylene chloride fraction of Caralluma hexagona Lavranos using bioassay-guided fractionation. The new compounds were identified as 12,20-di-O-benzoyl-3β,8β,12β,14β,20-pentahydroxy-(20R)-pregn-5-ene-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-d-digitaloside (1), 3β,8β,14β,...

Phyllanthin and related lignans were found to be responsible, at least in part, for most of the activity of Phyllanthus species. This observation encouraged the authors to develop methods for the preparation of an extract rich in phyllanthin and related lignans from the aerial parts of P. niruri L. Direct extraction with solvents produced extracts...