Esperanza Marchena-Consejero- PhD Psychology
- Universidad de Cádiz
Esperanza Marchena-Consejero
- PhD Psychology
- Universidad de Cádiz
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67
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Introduction
Current institution
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January 1991 - present
Publications
Publications (67)
Los trastornos emocionales son el resultado de una triple vulnerabilidad. El contexto de pandemia incrementó la aparición de desajustes emocionales, y, ser adulto mayor en ese contexto, constituye una vulnerabilidad psicológica que puede haber favorecido la aparición de desórdenes emocionales, afectando la salud y bienestar de estas personas. Objet...
Sucintamente, en este artículo se presenta el Protocolo Unificado para el tratamiento Transdiagnóstico de los Trastornos Emocionales. Se caracterizan sus aspectos principales en tanto intervención cognitivo conductual de la tercera ola de Terapias Cognitivo Conductuales. Aspira identificar las estrategias de regulación emocional desadaptativas que...
This study examined the content validity and consumer satisfaction of a newly developed forensic interviewing protocol and accompanying barriers screen. Results suggest content experts rated the protocol as acceptable and that subjects rated the protocol slightly more favorably than the Forensic Experiential Trauma Interview. Further, although only...
Behavioral addictions are considerate as a new way of developing misconduct
in relation to phenomena that by themselves have no reason to be associated with
pathological states. Despite not being referred to in most commonly used
diagnostic textbooks among health professionals, their incidence in the population
is increasingly notable, adopting eve...
The prevalence of psychological problems may have directly and indirectly negative impacts on the personal and academic development of college students. Having taken a sample of 43 participants who were assessed by the College Psychology Service of University of Cádiz (Spain), the impact of the intervention implemented over their levels of mental h...
Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have an increasing influence on the way we interact, learn, and live. The increase in teaching and learning methodologies that are mediated by ICT in the field of education and in the domestic settings encourages the design of new effective technological tools, supported by scientific research and de...
This work was aimed to show how the programmed instruction and self-control of social skills, used in the e-learning program, will enable to develop knowledge and social skills in high school students, enabling them to improve their social interaction in the scholar milieu.
Keywords: Virtual learning environments; Self-control; Disruptive behavior...
Para prevenir dificultades de aprendizaje de las matemáticas es conveniente emplear metodologías de enseñanza que se adapten al nivel y al ritmo de aprendizaje de los alumnos. Uno de estos métodos es el Algoritmo Abierto Basado en Números (ABN) que se caracteriza por ser flexible, transparente y contextualizado. El objetivo principal de este trabaj...
El efecto san Mateo en lectura se refiere al fenómeno contrastado de cómo las diferencias en el rendimiento entre buenos y malos lectores pueden incrementarse a lo largo del tiempo de escolarización. Presentamos un estudio longitudinal acerca de la presencia/ausencia del efecto san Mateo en una muestra de estudiantes evaluados desde 1.° a 5.° de ed...
El efecto san Mateo en lectura se refiere al fenómeno contrastado de cómo las diferencias en el rendimiento entre buenos y malos lectores pueden incrementarse a lo largo del tiempo de escolarización. Presentamos un estudio longitudinal acerca de la presencia/ausencia del efecto san Mateo en una muestra de estudiantes evaluados desde 1.° a 5.° de ed...
The open calculation based on numbers (ABN) is an innovative mathematics teaching-learning methodology used with a huge number of school children. The aim of this work was to study the cognitive profiles associated to ABN method, compared to those following a closed procedure traditional methods based on ciphers (CBC). A total of 128 first-year stu...
The open calculation based on numbers (ABN) is an innovative mathematics teaching-learning methodology used with a huge number of school children. The aim of this work was to study the cognitive profiles associated to ABN method, compared to those following a closed procedure traditional methods based on ciphers (CBC). A total of 128 first-year stu...
El propósito de esta investigación fue analizar las diferencias en bienestar personal entre población mayor institucionalizada y no institucionalizada, así como conocer la influencia de distintas variables psicosociales en el bienestar personal según la procedencia de la población mayor estudiada. Por tanto, las variables consideradas en este traba...
Se presenta un estudio de caso de dislexia evolutiva de una estudiante universitaria. La finalidad de este trabajo es describir el proceso de evaluación, intervención y seguimiento desde el Servicio Universitario de Atención Psicológica y Psicopedagógica (SAP). Los resultados señalan la importancia del desarrollo de un programa adaptado a las neces...
La imperante necesidad de atajar el problema social de la violencia de género, nos obliga a reconducir su planteamiento y tratar de reducir los casos desde la intervención psicológica. La negación de la conducta es denominador común en la mayoría de los casos. En este estudio se intentará que la asunción del problema sea patente a través de las est...
Having screening tools to identify students at risk of learning difficulties in mathematics is an essential resource to address future interventions that reduce failure and poor performance in mathematics.
We present a pilot study with 49 students (average age of 9 years, 5 months) of 4th year of primary education to which we have evaluated with t...
Challenging behaviors exhibited by individuals with developmental disabilities often hinder the acquisition of academic, social, and life skills. Functional analysis has been useful for assessing challenging behavior in various settings. The purpose of this study was to implement an operant methodology for recognizing the functional properties of c...
The aims of this study were to verify the potential differences in prospective memory (PM) among young people, adults and the elderly; analyze the relationships between variables of comprehension and verbal fluency and PM; and finally, verify the existence of a relationship between self-reported health status and performance on PM. A cross- section...
Both psychosocial needs and risk factors that affect academic performance in a sample of 2014 participants in higher education are described. The results may be generalised to students from Spanish universities and can provide guidelines for preventive actions and psychological services in the context of comprehensive providing services to graduate...
Longitudinal studies allow us to identify, which specific maths skills are weak in young children, and whether there is a continuing weakness in these areas throughout their school years.
This 2-year study investigated whether certain socio-demographic variables affect early mathematical competency in children aged 5-7 years.
A randomly selected sa...
This study identified the cognitive processes that underlie the individual differences in early mathematical performance in elementary school children. Taking into account the Baddeley framework multicomponent model, the inhibitory processes, working memory, phonological awareness, and naming speed are considered to be related to early math learnin...
Se plantea el objetivo de comprobar si los participantes que muestren mejor ejecucion en desarrollo operatorio son tambien mejores en habilidades de calculo y resolucion de problemas. Este conocimiento permitiria un mejor screening del alumnado que pudiera presentar dificultades de aprendizaje. Han participado 122 alumnos entre 77 y 95 meses de eda...
Although there is a relationship between phonological awareness and reading, the reasons for this relationship are controversial. Phonological knowledge is a necessary skill for learning to read, but the process of learning to read can facilitate the development of this knowledge. Previous studies have provided training in phonological awareness, b...
Operational development and arithmetic knowledge: Piaget's theory revisited. The purpose of this study was to find out if participants that had higher performance on operational development tasks were also better on calculation and mathematical problem solving skills. This knowledge should allow better mathematical learning disabilities' screening...
The ability to read is a basic acquisition that conditions children's social integration and it is an important factor in school success. It is considered a complex activity in which different levels of cognitive processes are involved. The relationship between phonological awareness, naming speed and learning to read has been widely studied. Resea...
The main aim of this study was to show that statistically significant differences do not exist in the early mathematical abilities between boys and girls. 1053 girls and boys were assessed with the Utrecht Test Tor Number Sense Spanish version. Students came from 14 elementary public schools. They were in the last pre-school academic year and first...
In the field of different theoretical conceptions about the early mathematics learning, it is required to have an assessment instrument to evaluate the mathematical development of kindergarten students. An initial research of the Utrecht Early Mathematical Competence Test (EMTC) was carried out on 127 third year Spanish kindergarten school children...
En el ámbito de las diferentes concepciones teóricas sobre el aprendizaje matemático temprano, se justifica la necesidad de contar con un instrumento de evaluación de los niveles de desarrollo matemático en alumnos y alumnas de Educación Infantil. Presentamos un estudio inicial de la adaptación del Test de Evaluación Matemática Temprana de Utrecht...
Se estima que existe relación entre conciencia fonológica y la velocidad de nombrar en el aprendizaje de la lectura. Los estudios se han realizado a través de procedimientos de intervención, o bien con alumnos con dificultades de aprendizaje de lectoescritura o con escasa conciencia fonológica. Se presenta un estudio longitudinal sin intervención c...
El Test de Evaluación Matemática Temprana está orientado a medir el nivel de competencia matemática temprana. Se ha desarrollado para de educación infantil y 1º y 2º de primaria. Dispone de tres versiones paralelas, de 40 ítems cada una. Consta de 8 tareas, divididas en grupos de 5: Comparación, clasificación, correspondencia, seriación, conteo ver...
The efficiency of different cognitive training procedures in elderly people was studied. Two types of methods to train cognitive and memory functions were compared. One method was based on new technologies and the other one on pencil-and-paper activities. Thirty-six elderly institutionalized people aged 68–94 were trained. Quantitative and memory m...
The Early Mathematical Competence Test (EMTC) assesses mathematical knowledge for kindergarden and primary school children. The test has 3 versions, of 40 items each and measures eight aspects of mathematical competence: Concepts of comparison; Classification; Correspondence; Seriation; Using counting words, forwards and backwards; Structures count...
Resumen El Servicio de Atención Psicológica y Peda-gógica (SAP) de la Universidad de Cádiz se creó en septiembre del 2004. Después de cinco cursos académicos de experiencia podemos hacer una descripción global y un análisis de las activida-des desarrolladas en este periodo. Asimismo, planteamos la perspectiva de futuro dentro de los nuevos retos y...
Counseling and Psychological Services
(CAPS) at the University of Cádiz started in September
2004. After five academic years of experience
we can make a comprehensive description
and analysis of activities in this period. It
also discussed the future expectations new challenges
and changes at university system in Europe.
The job of being a university student, like most other jobs, can be carried out either efficiently or inefficiently. The way we use time (or waste it) is largely a matter of habit patterns. One of the best techniques for developing more efficient habits of time use is to prepare a time schedule.
The most successful system for most students is to co...
RESUMEN: La calidad es un factor primordial en el contexto universitario actual. En esta línea, el problema del abandono académico es una cuestión fundamental cuyo análisis e investigación ha merecido un espe-cial interés (De Miguel et al., 1991; Latiesa, 1992; González, 1993; Escandell l l et al., 1999; Cabrera l l et al, l l 2006 y Bethencourt et...
This report looked at the effects of treatment using contingency contracts and token economy procedures in three children, two 14 yr. and one 8 yr., who were wards of the court and attending a mainstream school. Students presented problems of adaptation to school, such as making constant noises with the mouth, hands, or pencil on the desk; frequent...
Learning of comparison, seriation and classification concepts in children with mental disabilities. The concepts of seriation, classification and comparison are not only results of child development but also because of formal training consequence. Standard development possibly has many structured and non structured training opportunities. But in me...
The concepts of seriation, classification and comparison are not only results of child development but also because of formal training consequence. Standard development possibly has many structured and non structured training opportunities. But in mentally disabled children, it is necessary to increase the structured learning because of their cogni...
Estudio comparativo entre dos tipos de entrenamiento para el mantenimiento cognitivo en personas mayores.
Resumen. El envejecimiento progresivo de la población occidental ha Impulsado un número creciente de estudios sobre la memoria de los mayores. En este contexto, se presenta una investigación en la que se estudia el reconocimiento de palabras p...
Two cognitive training procedures for elderly people were compared in this study. 65 women and 15 men, aged from 55 to 83, members of a special university course for old people were assessed by the Mini Cognitive Exam and the Rivermead Memory test. Participants were randomly assigned in two different training groups: Pencil and paper group and comp...
Computer Assisted Learning (CAL) has been shown to be an efficient learning-teaching procedure. Although there is an extensive educational software tradition using CAL approaches, few of them have demonstrated a better student performance than standard drill and practice methods. The purpose of this study was (a) to evaluate the effectiveness of th...
The study of basic concepts acquisition processes represents a productive research topic in the last twenty years. Knowledge of acquisition procedures has important applied effects at the educational environment. In addition, the development of the computer technology has allowed be use on many educational tasks, although some educational software...
El estudio de la formación de conceptos ha constituido una línea de trabajo fructífera en las dos últimas décadas y el conocimiento de los mecanismos de su formación han derivado en aplicaciones prácticas de importancia en el ámbito educativo. El desarrollo de la tecnología informática ha permitido su uso en múltiples tareas educativas, aunque se d...
Attention disorders are one of the major sources of poor school performance. This research project was designed to examine whether a Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) approach would be successful in achieving higher rates of attention. In order to increase attention behaviour during school time, psychologically-designed software was developed. Th...
Attention processes seem cognitive resources particularly sensitive to aging impairment. A better attention would reduce this damage, which is one of the main sources of elderly low self-esteem. On the other hand, new technology allows easier access to cognitive self-training programs that aged people would follow at home settings. This paper prese...
El envejecimiento progresivo de la población occidental ha impulsado un número creciente de estudios sobre la memoria de los mayores. En este contexto, se presenta una investigación en la que se estudia el reconocimiento de palabras procesadas en los tres niveles de codificación usando un paradigma de aprendizaje incidental, así como las creencias...
Psychology can contribute to computer sciences with a great deal of knowledge and information about learning processes. The software prototype introduced in the article is an example of this. Itis a multimedia computer programme that teaches basic learning skills (space orientation, sequencing, classifying, comparing, measuring and conservation) an...
Computer-assisted learning can be an efficient learning-teaching procedure. Although there is an extensive educational software tradition for this approach, few have better performance than standard drill-and-practice methods. In this work, the specific software "Let's Play With..." was designed to teach concepts of colours, shapes, and body positi...
The birth a newborn baby can be one of the most touching events, not only for the mother and family, but also for those of us who help, accompany or observe it. There are several personal, family and social factors, together with some others related to the Health System, that influence the «sense of motherhood» . Some of them can be studied in orde...
La Instrucción Asistida por Ordenador constituye un procedimiento de contrastada eficacia en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Aunque existen un amplio número de programas educativos utilizando este procedimiento, son menos los que presentan una mejora frente a sistemas de enseñanza-aprendizaje standard. En el presente trabajo se ha diseñado un...
Computer Assisted Instruction (CAT) is an efficient learning-teaching procedure. Although there are extensive educational software tradition using CAI approach, few of them have a better performance than the standard drill and practice methods. In this work, the specific educative computer software "Lets Play With..." was designed in order to teach...
En: Tavira Cádiz 1991, n. 8; p. 181-200 Se plantea el conocimiento del uso que hacen del ordenador los profesores de E.G.B. en la provincia de Cádiz, sobre la base teórica del papel que tienen las nuevas tecnologías en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Para ello se realizó un cuestionario de 14 ítems y se distribuyeron entre diferentes maestros....
En: Tavira Cádiz 1996, n. 13; p. 81-92 Se expone, desde una perspectiva histórica, el tema de la atención educativa a los alumnos con necesidades educativas especiales. Se parte de un tratamiento marginal y excluyente de algunas épocas históricas y se llega hasta otro de tipo más integrador y educativo que es el actual, pasando por períodos donde e...
En: Red digital : revista de tecnologías de la información y comunicación educativas Madrid 2002, n. 2, julio Se muestra la experiencia realizada en la Universidad de Cádiz donde un grupo de investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación ha diseñado un programa de ordenador, para que jóvenes con discapacidad psíquica severa aprendan las a...
El Servicio de Atención Psicológica y Pedagógica (SAP) de la Universidad de Cádiz se creó en septiembre del 2004. Después de cinco cursos académicos de experiencia podemos hacer una descripción global y un análisis de las actividades desarrolladas en este periodo. Asimismo, planteamos la perspectiva de futuro dentro de los nuevos retos y cambios qu...
