Eric Royer

Wageningen University & Research | WUR · Livestock Research Group

Volatile organic Compounds (VOC)-based metabolomics, or volatolomics, was investigated for revealing livestock exposure to chemical contamination. Three farm animals, namely laying hens, broilers, and pigs, were experimentally exposed to 5 or 50 ng α-HBCDD g⁻¹ feed. Liver and egg yolk for hens were analysed by headspace-SPME-GC-MS to reveal candida...

Which maximum content of soy trypsin inhibitors in feeds for fattening pigs? Raw full-fat soybeans of three varieties (Bahia, Isidor and Ecudor) were used at levels ranging from 2.5 to 12.5 % to prepare fattening diets averaging 0.8, 1.5, 2.5, 3.3 and 3.5 trypsin inhibitor units (TIU)/mg in Exp.1, and 0.9, 1.7, 2.2, 2.4, 4.0 and 4.8 TIU/mg in Exp....

The prudent use of antibiotics in animal production can be quite challenging, as each farm faces specific health problems. To evaluate a farm-specific approach, 10 dairy sheep farms were selected in the Roquefort cheese area of France (n=5), and in Peloponnese and Thessaly in Greece (n=5), as part of 42 case studies by EU H2020 network DISARM in pi...

Influence of high-protein rapeseed meal, feed pelleting conditions and exogenous enzymes on growth performance and nutrient digestibility of pigs. A process was developed to increase the protein content of rapeseed meal (RSM), which is more attractive for animal feeding in the European Union (EU), and the aim of the present study was to investigat...

Freins et motivations des éleveurs à lutter contre le piétin en élevage ovin viande • Le piétin : maladie contagieuse (Dichelobacter nodosus) qui altère bien-être et performances des ovins et résultats économiques. Peu de données disponibles en France. Des pratiques de lutte efficaces recommandées mais sans recul de la maladie. • Des enquêtes quali...

Footrot caused by Dichelobacter nodosus is a contagious bacterial disease altering animal welfare and performance, and inducing heavy economic losses. In France, various control practices have been recommended without significant results on the incidence of the disease. To investigate the motivators and barriers of farmers to apply the best managem...

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) accurately predicts the nutritive value of individual components and mixed diets for pigs Accurate feed-quality information is of outmost importance, not only because feed accounts for at least two-thirds of the cost of livestock production, but also because accurate feed-quality information is critical for optimiz...

Influence of dehulling and thermal treatment of soybeans on nutritive value of partly defatted soymeals for piglets European grown soy beans were ground, then dehulled (D) or kept whole (W), then extruded using a single screw extruder at 140 °C at about 100 kg/h (EP) or cooked at 150 °C during 60 minutes after flaking (FCP), and finally pressed. E...

Analyse environnementale de l’utilisation de sources de protéine européenne pour l’alimentation porcine. La substitution au tourteau de soja brésilien (TSB), issu en partie de zones déforestées, avec des sources de protéines européennes (SPE), est une voie à l’étude pour réduire l’impact changement climatique de l’alimentation animale. Ce travail s...

A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model was developed to investigate the production-specific factors involved in the transfer of α-hexabromocyclododecane (α-HBCDD) to broiler meat. The model describes growth and lipid deposition in tissues of fast- (FG) and slow- (SG) growing broilers from hatching to slaughter and simulates the exposu...

La modulation du système antioxydant est l’une des causes des effets physiopathologiques du déoxynivalénol (DON) chez l’animal. L’étude vise à déterminer si l’apport alimentaire d’anti-oxydants (AO) permet de limiter l’oxydation des lipides et de moduler l’activité des enzymes antioxydantes résultant de l’exposition (Expo) au DON. 160 porcs (30.1 k...

Bioprocessing of rapeseedmeal (RSM), a by-product of oil industry, can increase its protein content resulting in a more attractive feedstuff for animal feeding

The goal was to assess the environmental impacts of new European protein sources in order to replace Brazilian (BR) soybean meal in feed. Four innovative feedstuffs (IF) were studied : Fine fraction of French rapeseed meal obtained through physical treatment (IF1), French soybean meal, obtained from dehulled soybeans and with an innovative extrusio...

Objective : Assessing the environmental consequences for animal products (pig and poultry) of using innovative protein sources to replace Brazilian soybean meal in the feed

Brominated flame retardants ( BFR ) are primarily used as flame retardant additives in insulating materials. These lipophilic compounds can bioaccumulate in animal tissues, leading to human exposure via food ingestion. Although their concentration in food is not yet regulated, several of these products are recognised as persistent organic pollutant...

Lab scale and industrial scale processing of rapeseed meal (RSM) was applied to assess the feasibility of fractionation of RSM and the effect on nutritional value of RSM fractions of different origins. The results demonstrate the possibility to produce a 15-20% fraction with enhanced nutritional value. The efficacy of fractionation depends on the o...

The objective was to test the effects of a positive biofilm formation on the surfaces of post-weaning piglet facilities. In total, 494 piglets were used in two experiments using a sanitary challenge. 48 h (d-2) before introduction of piglets, 2 identical rooms of 14 pens were sprayed either with water (Control) or a mix (LP) of selected bacteria st...

Rapeseed meal (RSM), a by-product of oil industry, contains large amounts of protein but also contains a high fibre content that limit its use to non-ruminant animals. Tail-end dehulled RSM presents high protein content and reduced fibre fraction, resulting more attractive for animal feeding. Also, pelletizing process could contribute to improve th...

Pig farms producing their own renewable energy could improve animal health or performance by the controlled heating of liquid feed. This study evaluated the effects of different liquid feed temperature on performance of growing-finishing pigs. For the fattening period (27.5 to 112 kg), a total of 144 pigs received, according to plan, a growing then...

Locally produced, expeller soybean meal (SBM) may be an important constituent of European broiler diets in the future. In the present trial 4 SBMs were produced from European grown soybeans, using different processing methods; this is the first time that the combination of these methods has been applied. Starter (d0–14) and grower (d15–28) diets we...

Locally produced soybean meal (SBM) may be an important constituent of European broiler diets in the future. In the present trial, extrusion or cooking processes in combination with dehulling and pressing were used to produced 4 partly defatted SBMs from European soybeans (var. Ecudor) harvested in 2015 in the South of France (30 T/ ha; 44 CP % DM,...

Even if there is no clear evidence that organic food products are healthier than conventional ones, the presumed absence of chemical contaminants is reported as main driver for organic consumers.. To provide occurrence data in a context of chronic exposure, samples of liver and meat (psoas major muscle) were collected in 2014 in six French slaughte...

Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) is a brominated flame retardant used into materials such as polystyrenes. Its presence in some food samples from animal origin may contribute to human exposure to this endocrine disruptor. A total of 56 fattening barrows (LWxLd) × Piétrain (27.7 kg) were individually exposed to controls or diets containing 3.2 or 29.7...

This study assesses the impact of the farming system on the levels of copper, zinc, arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury in pig tissues from three types of production (Organic (n = 28), Label Rouge (n = 12) and Conventional (n = 30)) randomly sampled in different slaughterhouses. All the concentrations were below regulatory limits. In muscles, Cu, Zn...

This study assessed whether sequential distribution of meals in long troughs, combined or not with feed restriction, or limitation of litter mixing, could influence feeding behaviour and digestive health of weaned piglets affected by post-weaning colibacillosis and edema disease (ED) of E. coli O141:K85. In Exp. 1 and 2, a phase 1 diet was offered...

Etude de la contamination en ochratoxine A, fumonisines et zéaralénone dans les tissus des porcs élevés selon différents systèmes, par dilution isotopique couplée à l’UHPLC-MS/MS. Alors que les produits de l'agriculture biologique sont souvent privilégiés en raison de l'absence présumée de contaminants chimiques, il est parfois craint que ces produ...

Ce numéro comprend les articles correspondant aux présentations du Colloque Casdar 2018

Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) is a brominated flame retardant included in some insulating materials used in livestock buildings, which has been detected in meat. The aim of the current study is to investigate the fate of this lipophilic contaminant in fast- (FG) and slow-growing (SG) broilers. First, an experiment involving FG and SG broilers expo...

The objective of this study was to determine the influence of different processes on the nutritional quality of expeller soybean meal (SBM). Extrusion or cooking processes in combination with dehulling and pressing were used to produce 4 partly defatted SBM with low residual trypsin inhibitor (TI) activity. European soybeans were ground using a rol...

The chemical contamination levels of both conventional and organic meats were assessed. The objective was to provide occurrence data in a context of chronic exposure. Environmental contaminants (17 PCDD/F, 18 PCBs, 3 HBCD isomers, 6 mycotoxins, 6 inorganic compounds) together with chemical residues arising from production inputs (75 antimicrobials,...

L'hexabromocyclododécane (HBCD) est un retardateur de flammes ajouté dans certains polystyrènes utilisés comme isolants dans les bâtiments d'élevage. Ce composé, qui est un perturbateur endocrinien, est quantifié à des concentrations pouvant atteindre plusieurs centaines de ng g-1 lipides dans les denrées alimentaires d'origine animale (DAOA pour u...

Characterization and modeling of residues of an emergent contaminant in pig meat: hexabromocyclododecane. Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) is a brominated flame retardant used into materials such as polystyrenes. Its presence in some animal origin food samples may contribute to human exposure to this endocrine disruptor. A total of 56 barrows (LWxLd)...

To determine the effects of vaccination, heat stress, and dietary antioxidant concentration and investigate some blood parameters as an effective model of oxidative stress, 360 weaned piglets (8.7 ± 1.6 kg) were randomly affected to eight groups in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design. Double vaccination at weaning against porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2)...

Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) is an endocrine disruptor both for humans and animals. It is widely used as a flame retardant in building materials of livestock housing and has been detected in animal products. Thus, there is a great need for methods to investigate the contamination of animal products by HBCD. This study proposes a generic Physiologi...

The weaning of piglets results in a negative nutrient balance which could lead to anaemia. A monitoring was undertaken to evaluate the anaemia status after weaning and to assess the effects of a stress factor and of a nutritional supplementation. A total of 120 castrate male and female (LWxLd)xPietrain weaned piglets (8.2 ± 0.5 kg) were blocked, wi...

Développement d'un modèle d'étude du stress oxydant chez le porcelet sevré. Lors de deux essais, 720 porcelets sevrés ([LWLd]Piétrain; 28 j) sont utilisés. Dans l'exp. 1, les facteurs étudiés sont le sexe, la vaccination ou non contre le circovirus de type 2 (PCV2), et un aliment 1 er âge à teneur standard en vitamine E et sélénium (SA), ou suppl...

Through colonization in liquid feed systems, Pediococcus acidilactici MA 18/5M (PA) can secure hygiene of liquid feeds for pigs. A study examined the effects of PA on pigs when used in dry feeds. Two diets based on cereals, wheat bran, oilseed meals were prepared without and with PA supplementation (Bactocell®, Lallemand at 109 cfu/kg). Diets had a...

Four experiments were carried out to study the effect of dietary presentation on pigs. In a postweaning study, meal and pellets were compared in either good or bad sanitary conditions (Exp. 1, 14 pens/treatment). Over 41 days after weaning, pigs were offered ad libitum a phase 1 then a phase 2 diet in a dry feeder. The meal form increased DFI (+6%,...

Protease inhibitors form complexes with trypsin and chymotrypsin, leading to a lower protein digestibility. However, pig tolerance for moderate dietary levels needs more assessment. Raw soybeans of three varieties (Baya, Isidor and Ecudor) differing in trypsin inhibitor content were substituted to extruded soybeans on a weight basis, to compare inc...

In order to determine the effects of vaccination, heat stress and dietary antioxidant concentration and investigate some blood parameters as an effective model of oxidative stress, 360 weaned piglets (8.7 ± 1.6 kg) were randomly affected to eight groups in a 2x2x2 factorial design. Vaccination at weaning against PCV2 and porcine influenza, heat str...

A comparison of three diet forms for pig fattening in restricted or ad libitum feed supply, and in winter or summer time. An experiment was undertaken to determine the effects of dry meal, liquid meal or dry pellet form on pig performance. A total of 480 (Large White x Landrace) x Piétrain pigs (28.9 kg initial body weight) were used in four trials...

Les études de présentation de l’aliment réalisées dans les années 80 montraient une meilleure efficacité alimentaire du granulé par rapport à la farine sèche, et un résultat intermédiaire de la soupe (Quéméré et al, 1988). Une nouvelle étude vérifie les écarts de performances entre granulé, farine distribuée en sec et sous forme liquide. Des CMJ pr...

Epidemiological studies have shown that Salmonella infection risk in pig herds was lower for farms manufacturing their own feeds. However, it was highlighted by EFSA experts that too little attention has been paid about the risk of introduction of Salmonella from home-mixed contaminated feed ingredients. A study investigated procedures and feedstuf...

Influence of the inclusion of standard tapioca meal in balanced diets on pig performance. Due to their high starch content, tapioca (cassava) roots (Manihot esculenta Crantz) are an excellent source of energy for pigs. However, lower inclusion rates in pig fattening diets are often proposed for standard tapioca pellets containing 62.5 % starch tha...

Survey on Salmonella contamination and associated risk factors in home‐mixed feeds for pigs. Little information is available concerning the introduction of Salmonella to pigs as a result of home‐mixing of contaminated feed ingredients. A study investigated feeding stuffs and procedures used by home‐mixers in France. In 2012‐13, 154 raw materials an...

Recent calculations of a limited safety margin between the cadmium dietary exposure and health-based guidance values have heightened the need to reduce exposure to cadmium in European food products. An experiment was undertaken to determine the effects of microbial phytase, vitamin C and copper dietary contents on cadmium accumulation in pig kidney...

Le transfert et l’accumulation des éléments traces métalliques et minéraux (ETM) au long des différentes étapes de la production porcine du Sud-Ouest de la France ont été décrits et quantifiés lors d’un programme de recherche. Dans une première phase, les flux d’éléments traces ont été étudiés au sein d’exploitations de polyculture-élevage porcin d...

The gastrointestinal tract of piglets is characterized by complex and dynamic interactions between mucosa, intestinal flora and nutrients and is associated with disorders around weaning, resulting in diarrhoea. While there is a need for reducing the use of antibiotics in veterinary medicine, particularly in weaning feeds, alternatives including fee...

Los casos de contaminación por metales pesados que superan los valores máximos reglamentarios para el consumo humano son escasos, pero las regulaciones se vuelven más rigurosas.

Effects of microbial phytase, vitamin C and copper on cadmium retention in fattening pigs From 13.5 kg live weight, 36 female pigs (LWxLD x LWxPiétrain) were assigned to control diets or to experimental diets containing cadmium‐contaminated wheat and sunflower meal without phytase (PHOS), or with 1000 FTU/kg phytase (PHYT), or with 1000/kg FTU phy...

Largely due to increased production of biodiesel, there is a greater availability of solvent-extracted rapeseed meal (RM) in France, making it competitive for feeding pigs. Nevertheless, the long-term effects of dietary glucosinolates (GSL) when feeding RM on sow reproductive and litter performance are a persistent concern to feed manufacturers. Fo...

Maîtrise des salmonelles dans la filière : Evaluation de leviers d’action en élevage. Peu d’informations étaient disponibles concernant la présence de Salmonella dans les aliments fabriqués à la ferme et le risque d’introduction sur l’élevage lors d’une fabrication à partir d’ingrédients contaminés. Une approche spécifique sur la FAF a donc été ef...

Consumption of pork products is traditionally preferred in most of Asian countries, and has increased in the last 10 years as a result of rising incomes and urbanization. The safety of edible animal tissues for human consumption is a priority for public health. Some of the contaminants that may be found in pork products come from the pig diets. Hea...

Kidney and liver are the critical animal organs affected by dietary exposure to cadmium (Cd). A total of 36 female pigs (LWxLD x LWxPiétrain) were used to evaluate tissue accumulation following low dietary contamination during the weaning and growing period or the whole fattening period. After weaning, pigs were blocked (mean initial weight 9.2 kg)...

Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are contaminants occurring naturally in the environment and as a result of human activities. The presence of these heavy metals in animal production chain may result from the contamination of agricultural soils or from the pollution of minerals introduced in feeds. However, most of the notifications to the rapid alert sys...

Les connaissances en matière de lutte contre les fusarioses et les outils de maîtrise du risque déoxynivalénol (DON) du blé tendre réduisent la probabilité de contamination de longue durée dans l'alimentation des animaux. Cependant, les difficultés pratiques pour connaitre le niveau de chaque parcelle ou lot expliquent qu'une contamination ponctuel...

Ensuring a high level of human health and consumer protection is a key policy priority for the European Union. Following the crisis of the late 90's (BSE, dioxin), the EU launched a new approach of food safety. European countries have developed risk assessment tools to identify hazards and assess risks for consumers. These studies provide governmen...

Mixing litters at weaning in order to reduce the within-pen variability in body weight can be associated with aggressive behaviour during the post regrouping period. An experiment was undertaken to study the eff ects of grouping strategy after weaning on social behaviour and growth performance of piglets.

Eff ects of a short exposure period to deoxynivalenol (DON) contaminated wheat on health parameters and post weaning and fattening performances of pigs E. ROYER IFIP-institut du porc, Pôle Techniques d'Elevage, 34 bd de la gare 31500 Toulouse, France eric.royer@ii p.asso.fr-www.ii p.asso.fr Conclusion It is concluded that, in good rearing condition...

Rapsextraktionsschrot (RES) kommt heutzutage immer häufiger zum Einsatz, und zwar sowohl bei der Futtermittelherstellung auf dem Hof als auch bei der industriellen Futtermittelherstellung. Die Richtwerte von 10 % RES für das Sauenfutter, 12 % in der 2. Phase und 15 % für das Mastfutter gewährleisten die Leistungsfähigkeit der Tiere unabhängig von d...

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate how initial health status and liquid feeding could modify the feed intake and performances of growing-finishing pigs given diets that included rapeseed meal. A total of 288 castrate male and female pigs, previously reared in different sanitary conditions during post-weaning, were used in two experiments an...

At high inclusion rate, rapeseed meal (RSM) may appear as a low palatability ingredient affecting pig feed intake. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate factors, mainly glucosinolates (GSL) and fibre content, which could influence feed intake during the post-weaning period from 12 to 30 kg (phase 2). In Exp.1, different batches of RSM were inc...

Influence of a 15 % rapeseed meal inclusion in phase 2 diets, and of the competition degree, on piglet performance. Glucosinolates (GLS) and fibre content of rapeseed meal (RSM) are the main factors that could influence pig feed intake. In a post-weaning experiment, a phase 2 control diet with a high fibre proportion (49 g/kg ADF) coming from wheat...

Cette étude a été réalisée avec la collaboration du personnel technique des stations IFIP de Romillé et de Villefranche de Rouergue, de la ferme des Trinottières de la Chambre d'Agriculture du Maine-et-Loire et du laboratoire du CETIOM à Ardon. Effets d'une utilisation continue et du mode de distribution du tourteau de colza sur les performances de...

Heated liquid feed: what effect on pigs?

Le cadmium (Cd) et le plomb (Pb) sont des contaminants présents dans l’environnement, naturellement et à la suite des activités humaines. Un essai étudie l’effet sur les organes comestibles, de la présence dans l’alimentation des porcs de cadmium et/ou de plomb à des teneurs s’approchant des seuils fixés par la Directive UE 2002/32. Dans les condit...

De mogelijke cadmiumbelasting in varkens kan worden verklaard door de bijdrage van de plaatselijke landbouw, maar ook door het gebruik van minerale grondstoffen die niet lokaal worden geproduceerd. Het doel van deze studie is een vergelijking tussen de effecten van plantaardige of minerale grondstoffen met een Cd-gehalte dicht onder de toegestane n...

Effect of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) type and incorporation rate on post-weaning and fattening performance of pigs. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) type and incorporation rate in phase 2, growing and finishing diets on pig performances. In a post-weaning experiment, 360 castrated male and female pi...

Effect of acidifying fattening feed to reduce carriage of Salmonella in high prevalence pig herds. In five commercial herds with high level of infection with Salmonella spp., studies were carried out to investigate the effect of the incorporation of potassium diformate in the diet of fattening pigs (as 0.6% Formi ©), on Salmonella prevalence at sla...

A 40 days experiment has been undertaken to evaluate the Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn excretion of piglets given the upper concentrations allowed by European legislation in compound feeds. 40 male and female piglets blocked at an average weight of 8.0 kg (28 days of age) received ad libitum up to 28.6 kg control or experimental diets formulated without phyta...

Cet article décrit les modalités de calcul des besoins des porcs et de l’apport représenté par les matières premières et les phytases. Il y est notamment question de la réponse non linéaire à l’apport de phytase microbienne. Une méthode permettant de prendre en compte cet aspect est proposée. Les phytases végétales provenant des céréales à paille,...

Performances à long terme d'un troupeau de truies alimentées avec du tourteau de colza industriel pendant la gestation et la lactation Quatre bandes de truies sont utilisées pour étudier les effets de l'incorporation de 0 ou 10% de tourteau de colza industriel à basse teneur en glucosinolates (GLS) dans les aliments de gestation et de lactation sur...

Influence du taux de tourteau de colza dans l'aliment de 2 ème âge sur les performances du porcelet. Des aliments 2 ème âge contenant 3 % de tourteau de colza (Témoin) sont comparés à des aliments Tcolza contenant 15 % de tourteau dans des conditions d'élevage optimales (Opt) ou dégradées (Cd) (Exp.1), ou bien 12 % de tourteau à teneur modérée ou é...