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Publications (18)
A rapid bathymetric survey was required for the transportation of wind turbines and blades to the Silavathurai coastline, Sri Lanka via sea. This area is a shallow uncharted area which makes this task a challenge. To overcome this limitation, remote sensing techniques were used to derive the bathymetry of the area using Sentinel-2 satellite images...
Electronic navigational charts (ENCs) can be compiled using existing paper charts to improve their coverage of the world's oceans. However, in the process of assigning symbols on ENCs, in some cases the software uses the same symbol for different paper chart symbols. This could ultimately compromise maritime safety. Addressing this issue, this pape...
Sub-Bottom Profiler (SBP) is one of the effective tools used to identify the sediment layers beneath the seabed or bottom of any water body. SBP is similar to the echo sounder, but parts of the sound pulse penetrate the seabed and reflect the various layers below the surface. The Stratabox HD is a pinger-type SBP capable of detecting soft sediment...
With the growing demand for accurate and reliable positioning and navigation applications in various inland and offshore hydrographic surveying applications, there has been a significant move towards the use of real-time Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) with local and wide area differential positioning capabilities (DGNSS). The common meth...
The International Maritime Organization (IMO) was established in 1948 as a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN). They provide international standards on the safety, security, and environmental performance of ships involved in international trade. International shipping is effective only if the regulations and standards are agreed upon, ado...
Geodetic datum is a fundamental reference surface in positioning, and plays an important role in relation to the survey activities of a country. Sri Lankan horizontal datum was established in 1999 (SLD99) using GPS technology, and the vertical datum was fixed averaging 6 years of tidal observations from 1884 to 1890. This research investigates pote...
Most of the socio-economic activities of Sri Lanka are centred in the coastal regions, which can be described according to its unique geographical and geophysical backgrounds. It is estimated that Sri Lanka has a shore line about 1,700 km in length. Therefore, better knowledge and understanding of the characteristics of sea level is very essential....
Most of the socio-economic activities of Sri Lanka are centred in the coastal regions, which can be described according to its unique geographical and geophysical backgrounds. It is estimated that Sri Lanka has a shore line about 1,700 km in length. Therefore, better knowledge and understanding of the characteristics of sea level is very essential....
Topographic mapping and ocean charting are the outputs of two main surveying techniques for which data has been collected independently for long time. In recent years there has been a growing awareness of our coastal zones to manage our marine spaces in a more structured and sustainable manner. The requirement of this is seamless spatial data cover...
Simultaneous mid-water and seafloor classification enables the study of the relationship between seafloor characteristics and water column features known as habitat interactions. Normally, the focus of these data is only on one part of either the water column or the seafloor. This water column data is usually filtered out to form an accurate bathym...
The global navigation satellite system (GNSS) is used for surface positioning during depth measurement using acoustic technology like single beam echo-sounder (SBE). The final bathymetry (x,y,d) is computed by the hydrographic data logging software. Latency is the time lapse between the actual observation time of a particular system and the time it...
Different parts of Sri Lanka are regularly subjected to a wide range of natural disasters, of which floods are most common. When severe, flooding can decrease the economic and social development of the country and the Government of Sri Lanka has to spend huge amounts of money each year to address such problems. Floods occur mostly because of heavy...
One of the most impressive hydrographic technique developed over the past few decade is multibeam sonar systems. Sounding data from these systems is a result of processing information from several data sources. Among them, positional data from Global Positioning System (GPS), vessels heading and attitude data from gyrocompass and motion sensor syst...
The single most important acoustical variable in the water is its speed. The average speed of sound in the ocean is about 1500 m/s, but its precise value in a location is strongly depends on temperature, pressure and salinity of that particular location. These factors change rapidly in time and space due to various reasons. In data acquisition, the...