Eqram Rahman

Exosome-based therapies are being hypothesised and promoted as a transformative innovation in regenerative aesthetics, offering promising benefits for skin rejuvenation, anti-ageing, and hair restoration. However, the field faces challenges related to scientific validation, transparency, and lack regulatory oversight, for use in humans. Furthermore...

Introduction Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly integrated into healthcare, particularly in fields like dermatology, minimally invasive aesthetics, aesthetic surgery, and plastic and reconstructive surgery. AI has the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy, personalised treatment, and patient outcomes. However, issues such as a...

Aesthetic medicine has evolved towards minimally invasive procedures, with biostimulators like Poly-L-Lactic Acid (PLLA), Calcium Hydroxylapatite (CaHA), and Polycaprolactone (PCL) gaining attention for their role in collagen induction, improving skin texture, elasticity, and volume. Combining these agents with other treatments—such as botulinum to...

Aesthetic medicine and plastic surgery encompass a broad spectrum of procedures aimed at enhancing physical appearance and psychological well-being. This field’s allure lies in its potential to align external appearance with internal identity, making it profoundly relevant in contemporary society. The advancement and credibility of aesthetic medici...

Introduction The global aesthetic medicine industry is rapidly expanding, with conferences serving as crucial platforms for knowledge exchange and collaboration. However, concerns have emerged about the increasing prioritisation of commercial content over scientifically rigorous presentations. This study critically evaluates the balance between com...

The aesthetic medicine industry has seen significant growth due to technological advancements and increasing demand for minimally invasive procedures. This sector's influence on educational institutions is profound, often shaping curricula to align with industry standards. However, this focus can sometimes narrow educational scope, potentially comp...

Social media platforms significantly influence public perception and individual behaviour, particularly regarding aesthetic enhancements. Instagram, TikTok, Douyin, Kuaishou, X, Sina Weibo, and VK showcase content related to various aesthetic procedures, shaping societal norms around beauty and self-image. Despite the prevalence of this content, un...

Background The aging paradox highlights the coexistence of increased life expectancy with a persistent desire to maintain a youthful appearance, driven by biological, psychological, and social factors. Advances in healthcare have extended human lifespans, yet societal pressure to appear youthful remains strong. Understanding the genetic, epigenetic...

Introduction Botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A), derived from Clostridium botulinum, is widely used in medical and aesthetic treatments. Its clinical application extends from managing chronic conditions like cervical dystonia and migraine to reducing facial wrinkles. Despite its efficacy, a significant challenge associated with BoNT-A therapy is immunogeni...

Abstract Background Regenerative aesthetics claims to enhance cosmetic outcomes through advanced biological interventions like Stem cell and Exosome therapy, Polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN), Photobiomodulation, bioactive peptides and treatment for cellular senescence yet lacks substantial scientific and regulatory validation. Objective To evaluate...

Aesthetic medicine has evolved significantly, accommodating diverse demographics and motivations influenced by societal shifts and technological advancements. The IMPACT (integrative multigenerational psychological analysis for cosmetic treatment) study refines patient archetypes, integrating psychological theories to tailor treatments, especially...

Understanding the multifaceted nature of attractiveness (A), which encompasses physical beauty (PB), genuineness (GEN), self-confidence (SC), and prior experience (RE), is crucial for various domains, including psychology and clinical aesthetics. Previous studies have often isolated specific elements, failing to capture their intricate interplay. T...

Background: Botulinum toxin A (BTxA) has gained popularity as a nonsurgical aesthetic treatment for skin rejuvenation. However, previous studies on intradermal BTxA have shown inconsistent results. This systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of intradermal BTxA for facial rejuvenat...

Background: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is widely used in various medical and surgical specialties for its regenerative properties, including aesthetics (facial rejuvenation, hair restoration, and skin tightening) and orthopedics (treatment of tendinitis and osteoarthritis). However, the inconsistent literature on PRP’s efficacy and safety leads to...

Exosomes, diminutive extracellular vesicles, are integral to intercellular communication, harbouring potential for applications in regenerative medicine and aesthetic interventions. The field, however, grapples with the complexities of harmonising exosome characterisation protocols and safeguarding therapeutic integrity. In this scholarly overview,...

Background Contemporary society is witnessing a surge in non-surgical aesthetics and plastic surgery, reflecting a growing interest in physical enhancement and rejuvenation. However, despite this burgeoning trend, there remains a gap in the literature concerning the ethical considerations, patient empowerment strategies, and empathetic engagement w...

The rising use of soft tissue fillers for aesthetic procedures has seen an increase in complications, including vascular occlusions and neurological symptoms that resemble stroke. This study synthesizes information on central nervous system (CNS) complications post-filler injections and evaluates the effectiveness of hyaluronidase (HYAL) treatment....

BACKGROUND Botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) is widely used in treating dystonia and spasticity to managing chronic migraine and cosmetic applications. However, its immunogenic potential presents challenges, such as the development of neutralizing antibodies that lead to diminished therapeutic efficacy over time, known as secondary nonresponse. OBJECTIVE...

Background Polynucleotides (PDRN) have gained attention in aesthetic and regenerative medicine for their potential to enhance tissue regeneration, improve skin quality, and deliver superior aesthetic outcomes. However, the transition from theoretical benefits to proven clinical outcomes faces challenges due to inconsistencies and methodological sho...

The study investigates the impact of social media reviews and brand identity on consumer preferences in the non-surgical aesthetics products across different generations. It highlights the evolving landscape of aesthetic medicine and surgery, driven by technological advancements and a cultural shift towards individual well-being. The research aims...

This systematic review delves into the impact of social media on self-perception and the escalating interest in clinical aesthetic procedures, proposing that social media significantly influences beauty standards and increases demand for aesthetic enhancements. Following PRISMA guidelines, a mixed-method analysis of 34 articles was conducted, sourc...

This synaptic systemised review critically examines the provision of aesthetic medical care to LGBTQIA+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning, intersex, asexual, and more) individuals, assessing both the clinical practices and the educational frameworks that guide interactions with LGBTQIA+ patients in aesthetic settings. Follo...

The aim of this study was to identify the anatomical feature of retaining ligament and fat compartment on the lower eyelid and infraorbital region using a histological method, and to investigate clear definitions for them which could be used generally in the clinical area. Eighteen specimens from eight fresh Korean cadavers were stained with Masson...

Background The aim of this study was to elucidate the anatomical structures of supporting system of the infraorbital area. Materials and methods Forty-four hemifaces from eleven Korean and eleven Thai cadavers were used to dissect the infraorbital area. Based on the dissection and previous histologic results, they were analyzed. Results The orbic...

Background The literature review delves into the intriguing relationship between the metaverse, aesthetic medicine, and plastic surgery. The exploration focuses on the mutual influence these domains exert on digital identities and the impact of digital avatars on decisions concerning physical aesthetic changes. Methods A systematic methodology wa...

Unravelling the Intricacies of Early Complications in Hyaluronic Acid Filler Procedures: A Scholarly Critique and Analysis

We have diligently reviewed the aforementioned article by Nishikawa et al in conjunction with the subsequent insightful commentary provided by Professor Goodman.1,2 While we commend the authors for presenting a retrospective cohort study of considerable scale concerning Juvéderm products, it is crucial to acknowledge certain methodological and repo...

Clinical case reporting plays a vital role in sharing detailed patient narratives, providing insights into rare conditions, innovative treatments, and unexpected outcomes. However, existing reporting guidelines in aesthetic medicine fail to capture the specific nuances of procedures and outcomes in this field. The authors’ objectives were to develo...

Purpose The aim of this research was to create a novel and low-cost TP prostate biopsy simulator that has face, content and construct validity with high educational value. Methods This research developed a trans perineal prostate (TP) biopsy simulator using 3D-printed moulds and tissue-mimicking materials. Important regions (anterior, mid, and pos...

Background Onabotulinumtoxin A (Onabot A) has already marked its name in history as the first to be approved for aesthetic indications, namely glabellar (GL), crow’s feet (CFL) and forehead lines (FHL), with 64 units of cumulative dose. Objective As more real-world evidence and robust randomised clinical studies exist, the authors sought to conduc...

Aim Botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) injections are a popular non-surgical procedure for facial rejuvenation with increasingly pervasive use in cosmetic clinical practice. This study analyzes the safety profile of cosmetic glabellar and forehead BoNT-A injections and assesses the influence of the practitioner factor and BoNT-A type on the complication ra...

Background: The purpose was to evaluate the role and impact of the rhinoplasty outcome evaluation (ROE) in rhinoplasty. Objectives: To systematically review the ability of ROE to assess rhinoplasty outcome in the very recent surgical approaches. Data sources: Searching MESH terms "rhinoplasty" and "rhinoplasty and ROE" on PubMed, Scopus, Embas...

Background: Objective structured practical examination (OSPE) has proven a reliable assessment tool in many specialities. Therefore, we aimed to construct an OSPE tool that could assess the clinical facial anatomy knowledge of non-surgical aesthetic practitioners in a simulated environment. Approach: Ten subject matter experts identified the the...

Background: The desire for portraying a young and beautiful face and body is driving people to seek aesthetic treatment and accelerating the exponential growth of non-surgical aesthetic procedures. Unfortunately, despite impressive advances, non-surgical aesthetics is yet to have a formal clinical education program.

Background The desire for portraying a young and beautiful face and body is driving people to seek aesthetic treatment and accelerating the exponential growth of non-surgical aesthetic procedures. Unfortunately, despite impressive advances, non-surgical aesthetics is yet to have a formal clinical education program. Objectives This study aimed to i...

Background: Aspiration prior to hyaluronic acid filler injection is often taught as a safety maneuver to minimize the risk of intravascular injection. Its validity in aesthetic practice is being increasingly challenged. One key assumption underpinning the validity of the aspiration test is that the needle tip does not move during the aspiration an...

Background Botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) injections are a popular non-surgical procedure for facial rejuvenation with increasingly pervasive use. The increase in popularity and use is met with limited regulations potentially posing a significant risk to patient safety and public health. Objectives This study aims to assess the safety profile of cosme...

Background: Non-surgical aesthetics is a rapidly growing healthcare domain and lacks pedagogically sound education and training programmes. The trainee physicians often participate in short courses which are outside of the scope of an existing postgraduate training programme to acquire the necessary knowledge and procedural skills. However, such tr...

Background: Botulinum toxin type A has been used to treat a wide array of neurologic, medical, and aesthetic indications. Several factors contribute to the formation of neutralizing antibodies, such as shorter intervals of treatment, higher dosage, amounts of antigenic proteins, serotypes, and storage of formulations. Method: This overview follo...

Botulinum Toxins (BoNT) are complex biological products. Each licensed BoNTA has its own individual characteristics resulting into different attributes, some of them being of clinical relevance. Besides profound anatomical knowledge and understanding of aesthetic principles, the responsible injecting physician should be aware of those pharmaceutica...

Introduction: The Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is a popular and practical method for evaluating trainee physicians’ competencies. To help assess non-surgical aesthetics students’ critical thinking and relevant abilities, we developed a novel assessment tool based on the OSCE, the i-OSCE (Integrated objective structured Clinical...

Introduction: The Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is a popular and practical method for evaluating trainee physicians’ competencies. To help assess non-surgical aesthetics students’ critical thinking and relevant abilities, we developed a novel assessment tool based on the OSCE, the i-OSCE (Integrated objective structured Clinical...

Wang et al have provided an important review on filler-induced cerebral embolism (FICE).¹ Review of this type is critical to expanding our perspective of complications related to non-surgical aesthetic (NSA) procedures. In their well-written manuscript, the authors reported 43 cases of FICE since 1993, of which 29 patients received fat injection, 1...

Background: Botulinum toxin is the most commonly performed minimally invasive aesthetic procedure in men. Despite various recommendations by experts on the use of botulinum toxin type A in the literature, distinct guidelines for its use in males and females do not exist. Objectives: To delineate safe and effective doses for the use of Onabotulin...

Background: Botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) is a commonly used as neuromodulator in several neurological diseases and aesthetic indications. Formation of neutralizing antibodies (Nabs) after BTX-A injections may be responsible for treatment failure. Objectives: To quantify the prevalence of Nabs following treatment with Abobotulinumtoxin A (ABO), Inco...

Background Aesthetic physicians rely upon certain anecdotal beliefs regarding the safe practice of filler injections. These include a presumed safety advantage of bolus injection after a negative aspiration. Objectives The article aims to review and summarize the published literature on inadvertent intravascular injection of hyaluronic acid and to...

Background: In-depth understanding of facial anatomy is the foundation of clinical education and practices. Lately, anatomy education has undergone many changes due to the adoption of integrated medical curriculums. The time allocated to anatomy teaching on occasion been shortened to allow more time for clinical education. Innovation in visual tec...

Background Botulinum toxin A (botulinum toxin A) was found to provide a wide variety of therapeutic and aesthetic benefits as one of the most potent toxins in the world. Injectable remedies, including soft tissue fillers and botulinum toxin, have become very common in wrinkling and face rejuvenation management. While these methods of treatment are...

The cover image is based on the Original Contribution Non surgical facial reshaping using MD Codes by Dario Bertossi et al., https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.13596.

Background Both age‐related and congenital volume deficiencies may be addressed through the injection of hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers. Deep injection provides structural support, more superficial fat‐tissue injection mediates contouring, and superficial intradermal use of HA filler and/or onabotulinumtoxinA may be used for refinement. Aims To eval...

Background The novel coronavirus (COVID‐19) pandemic is expected to last for an extended time, making strict safety precautions for office procedures unavoidable. The lockdown is going to be lifted in many areas, and strict guidelines detailing the infection control measures for aesthetic clinics are going to be of particular importance. Methods A...

Background Standardizing training and education in non-surgical facial aesthetic procedures during residency training has long been challenging since the majority of the procedures are performed outside the usual teaching hospital settings. Several areas of refinement have been suggested and an increased need for more hands-on training identified i...

Background:. With the increase in the use of soft-tissue fillers worldwide, there has been a rise in the serious adverse events such as vascular compromise and blindness. This article aims to review the role of fillers in causing blindness and the association between hyaluronic acid (HA) filler and blindness. Methods:. The Preferred Reporting Items...

Background An understanding of facial anatomy is crucial for the safe practice of nonsurgical facial esthetic procedures. Contextual learning, aided with instructional design, enhances the trainees’ overall learning experience and retention, and makes a positive impact on the performance of procedural skills. The present study aimed to develop a te...

The recent rapid growth in dermal filler use, in conjunction with inadequate product and injector control, has heralded a concerning increase in filler complications. The 10-point plan has been developed to minimize complications through careful preconsideration of causative factors, categorized as patient, product, and procedure related. Patient-r...

Hyaluronic acid dermal fillers are becoming popular all over the world, but due to the presence of many blood vessels in the face, there is always a small possibility of vascular complications. We present a case with the ischemic involvement of chin and neck skin after accidental submental artery involvement after hyaluronic acid filler injection f...

Introduction Patient satisfaction and health care outcomes are directly linked to useful communication skills. Therefore, excellent interpersonal skills are imperative for health care professionals. Multiple mini-interview (MMI) is designed as a selection tool to assess the communication skills of applicants in medical schools during the admission...

Background:. A detailed understanding of facial anatomy, specifically the vascular framework, is crucial for delivering safe nonsurgical aesthetic procedures. To date, there is no core document based on consensus for the teaching of facial anatomy to aesthetic physicians exists. The aim of this study was to ascertain the most critical anatomical st...

Background Hyaluronic acid filler has been documented in the treatment of atrophic depressed acne scars relatively frequently in the literature but rarely in chronic depressed traumatic atrophic facial scars. Methods This case report discusses the use of hyaluronic acid fillers in the correction of a post-traumatic facial atrophic scar on the righ...

Background Cadaver dissection for anatomy training provides an opportunity to understand the precise nature of human tissues with their clinical and structural relationships. This study assessed the effectiveness of this practical educational intervention for teaching applied facial anatomy on the knowledge and confidence of aesthetic physicians....

Example of multiple choice questions. Abbreviation: Q, question.

Background The use of hyaluronic acid soft-tissue fillers for enhancement of lip features is a popular and minimally invasive office-based procedure used worldwide due to its relative simplicity and favorable safety profile. Materials and Methods Hyaluronic acid was used in illustrative cases to attempt correction of congenital and acquired lip as...