Enrique Lerma

Enrique Lerma
  • MD, PhD
  • Medical Doctor at Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau

About

180
Publications
17,716
Reads
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8,322
Citations
Current institution
Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau
Current position
  • Medical Doctor
Additional affiliations
January 1988 - December 1988
University of Illinois Chicago
Position
  • Research Associate
February 1982 - December 1987
Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena
Position
  • staff pathologist
January 1993 - present
Autonomous University of Barcelona
Position
  • Professor (Associate)

Publications

Publications (180)
Article
Full-text available
Cholesterol mediates its proliferative and metastatic effects via the metabolite 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-HC), at least in breast and endometrial cancer. We determined the serum lipoprotein profile, intratumoral cholesterol and 27-HC levels in a cohort of patients with well-differentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC; low/intermediate and high...
Article
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Human apolipoprotein A-I (hApoA-I) overexpression improves high-density lipoprotein (HDL) function and the metabolic complications of obesity. We used a mouse model of diabesity, the db/db mouse, to examine the effects of hApoA-I on the two main functional properties of HDL, i.e., macrophage-specific reverse cholesterol transport (m-RCT) in vivo an...
Article
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The antinociceptive effects of the carbon monoxide-releasing molecule tricarbonyldichlororuthenium (II) dimer (CORM-2) during chronic pain are well documented, but most of its possible side-effects remain poorly understood. In this work, we examine the impact of CORM-2 treatment on the lipoprotein profile and two main atheroprotective functions att...
Article
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Objective Ultrasonography and cytology obtained by fine‐needle aspiration are part of the basic study of the thyroid nodule. Although they are not diagnostic in every case, they are cost‐effective methods that inform surgical treatment and its extent. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of ultrasonography associated with fine‐nee...
Article
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Our aim was to identify biophysical biomarkers of ventricular remodelling in tachycardia‐induced dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Our study includes healthy controls (N = 7) and DCM pigs (N = 10). Molecular analysis showed global myocardial metabolic abnormalities, some of them related to myocardial hibernation in failing hearts, supporting the transl...
Article
Purpose Phosphatidylinositol-4, 5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha ( PIK3CA) mutations are frequently observed in primary breast cancer. We evaluated their prognostic relevance by performing a pooled analysis of individual patient data. Patients and Methods Associations between PIK3CA status and clinicopathologic characteristics were...
Article
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Introduction: Ki67 is a prognostic marker in early breast cancer, but its real usefulness remains controversial. The standard cut-off values for Ki67 have not been universally accepted and different values may be used depending on the type of biopsy (fine needle biopsy versus surgical specimen biopsy). The objective of this study was to evaluate t...
Article
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We studied the relationship between CD44 and Forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) gene expression in cell lines and breast carcinomas and their association with clinicopathological variables and patient outcome. We assessed messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of CD44 and FOXP3 by quantitative real-time PCR and determined the number of FOXP3+ Tregs by immunohistoche...
Article
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Low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) have been associated with breast cancer risk, but several epidemiologic studies have reported contradictory results with regard to the relationship between apolipoprotein (apo) A-I and breast cancer. We aimed to determine the effects of human apoA-I overexpression and administration of speci...
Article
T regulatory cells (Tregs) are a lineage of lymphocytes involved in immune response suppression that are characterized by the expression of the forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) transcription factor. Notch pathway regulates FOXP3 transcription in Tregs, but its role in breast cancer is unknown. We aimed at studying whether Notch pathway regulates FOXP3 expre...
Article
The FOXA family of transcription factors regulates chromatin structure and gene expression especially during embryonic development. In normal breast tissue FOXA1 acts throughout mammary development; whereas in breast carcinoma its expression promotes luminal phenotype and correlates with good prognosis. However, the role of FOXA2 has not been previ...
Article
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The metabolic effect of intratumor cholesteryl ester (CE) in breast cancer remains poorly understood. The objective was to analyze the relationship between intratumor CE content and clinicopathological variables in human breast carcinomas. We classified 30 breast carcinoma samples into three subgroups: 10 luminal-A tumors (ER+/PR+/Her2-), 10 Her-2...
Article
To analyze the regulatory role of osteopontin on biomarkers associated with cell survival, invasiveness, and angiogenesis mechanisms in a clinical series and breast cancer cell lines. We analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of osteopontin, Bcl2, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1),...
Article
Breast carcinomas rarely metastasize to the ovary and are even more rarely present clinically as primary ovarian tumors. However, patients with breast cancer not infrequently develop independent primary ovarian carcinomas. In these cases, distinction between independent primaries and metastatic tumors is crucial. Several comparative immunohistochem...
Article
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MicroRNA deregulation could be a crucial event in thyroid carcinogenesis. However, current knowledge is based on studies that have used inherently biased methods. Thus, we aimed to define in an unbiased way a list of deregulated microRNAs in well-differentiated thyroid cancer in order to identify diagnostic and prognostic markers. We performed a mi...
Article
We investigated the role of VDAC2 in human epithelial thyroid tumours using proteomic 2D-DIGE analysis and qRT-PCR. We found a significant up-regulation of VDAC2 in thyroid tumours and in thyroid tumour cell lines (TPC-1 and CAL-62). We did not detect overexpression of VDAC2 in a normal thyroid cell line (Nthy-ori 3-1). Silico analysis revealed tha...
Article
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Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A) genes have been proposed as predictive biomarkers of sensitivity to anthracycline chemotherapy. Recently, chromosome 17 centromere enumeration probe (CEP17) duplication has also been associated with increased responsiveness to anthracyclines. However, reports are con...
Article
Thyroid cancer is a heterogeneous disease with several subtypes characterized by cytological, histological and genetic alterations, but the involvement of epigenetics is not well understood. Here, we investigated the role of aberrant DNA methylation in the development of well-differentiated thyroid tumors. We performed genome-wide DNA methylation p...
Article
Contribution over time of human papillomavirus (HPV) types in human cancers has been poorly documented. Such data is fundamental to measure current HPV vaccines impact in the years to come. We estimated the HPV type-specific distribution in a large international series of invasive cervical cancer (ICC) over 70 years prior to vaccination. Paraffin e...
Article
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Background: Src is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase involved in signalling and crosstalk between growth-promoting pathways. We aim to investigate the relationship of active Src in response to trastuzumab of HER2-positive breast carcinomas. Methods: We selected 278 HER2-positive breast cancer patients with (n=154) and without (n=124) trastuzumab tr...
Article
Background and objectiveTransbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) is required for evaluation in selected patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD). The diagnostic yield of histopathologic assessment is variable and is influenced by factors such as the size of samples and the presence of crush artefacts left by conventional biopsy forceps. We compared t...
Article
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The epithelial-mesenchymal transition process (EMT) contributes to the malignancy of the tumors, throughout the transcription factor ZEB1 gene, key factor of the EMT and the inductor of cancer stem cells properties. Moreover, it has been postulated that cells which express ABCG2/BCRP gene, identified in thyroid tumor, involved in the resistance to...
Article
Thyroid cancer is a heterogeneous disease with several subtypes characterized by cytological, histological and genetic alterations , but the involvement of epigenetics is not well understood. Here, we investigated the role of aberrant DNA methylation in the development of well-differentiated thyroid tumors. We performed genome-wide DNA methylation...
Article
Osteopontin, a secreted phosphoglycoprotein, promotes tumor progression through binding to integrins and CD44 cell receptors. Its overexpression has been correlated with metastasis and adverse outcome in several neoplasms. In breast carcinoma, osteopontin mRNA and its splicing variant-c, a suggested marker for transformed cells, have not been exten...
Article
BRCA1-associated breast cancers have been associated to a triple-negative phenotype. The prevalence of BRCA1 germline mutations in young onset TNBC based on informativeness of family history has not been reported. From January 2008 to May 2009 were collected blood and tumor samples from patients with TNBC younger than 50 years and without a family...
Article
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Loss of 53BP1 rescues BRCA1 deficiency and is associated with BRCA1-deficient and triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) and with resistance to genotoxic drugs. The mechanisms responsible for decreased 53BP1 transcript and protein levels in tumors remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that BRCA1 loss activates cathepsin L (CTSL)-mediated degradation...
Article
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The mechanism of progression from ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) to invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) remains largely unknown. We compared gene expression in tumors with simultaneous DCIS and IDC to decipher how diverse proteins participate in the local invasive process. Twenty frozen tumor specimens with concurrent, but separated, DCIS and IDC were...
Data
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Table S1: Up-regulated genes in IDC versus DCIS. Table S2: Down-regulated genes in IDC versus DCIS.
Article
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Trastuzumab resistance hampers its well-known efficacy to control HER2-positive breast cancer. The involvement of PI3K/Akt pathway in this mechanism is still not definitively confirmed. We selected 155 patients treated with trastuzumab after development of metastasis or as adjuvant/neoadjuvant therapy. We performed immunohistochemistry for HER2, ER...
Article
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In cortical adrenal gland tumours there are discrepancies between morphological criteria for malignancy and biological behaviour. This makes it difficult to select the appropriate treatment. We have studied morphometric and DNA densitometric features of 24 adrenal proliferative lesions (hyperplasia, adenoma, and carcinoma) by means of slide cytomet...
Article
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The biologic behavior of most paragangliomas cannot be predicted from their histologic appearance. Recently, cytometric studies have found an association between an aggressive clinical behavior and the presence of a hyperdiploid or tetraploid range in the DNA nuclear content. The authors have studied morphometric (nuclear area and nuclear form fact...
Article
Human papillomavirus (HPV) genotype distribution in invasive cervical cancer (ICC) is critical to guide the introduction and to assess the impact of HPV prophylactic vaccines. This study aims to provide specific information for Spain. 1043 histological confirmed ICC cases diagnosed from 1940 to 2007 from six Spanish regions were assembled. HPV DNA...
Article
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High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) are the precursors of invasive cervical carcinomas and are generally associated with the integration of mucosotropic human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA into the host cell genome. Detection of HPV is easy to perform nowadays, even in laboratories with limited technological capacity, and follow-up proced...
Article
Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1, a member of the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol receptor family, has been implicated in the progression of certain tumors; but it remains unclear whether it plays a role in infiltrating ductal breast carcinomas. We studied a series of 81 ductal breast tumors to determine the correlation of low...
Article
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The biology of breast carcinoma shows a great variation, reflected by the recent classification of phenotypes based on DNA microarrays or immunohistochemistry. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) in breast carcinoma subtypes and the impact on the outcome. We studied 197 consecutive...
Article
Knowledge about the distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in invasive cervical cancer is crucial to guide the introduction of prophylactic vaccines. We aimed to provide novel and comprehensive data about the worldwide genotype distribution in patients with invasive cervical cancer. Paraffin-embedded samples of histologically confirme...
Article
It has been suggested that down-regulation of E-cadherin in invasive breast ductal carcinomas is mediated by the aberrant expression of several of its transcriptional repressors, but their inhibitory role and clinical importance are not yet well established. We investigated gene and protein expression patterns of the E-cadherin repressors SNAIL, ZE...
Article
The Pap Smear test, or cervico-vaginal cytology, is globally the most used and suitable method for screening cervical cancer precursor lesions, with a significant impact in reducing the incidence and mortality rates. However, Pap test suffers from subjective variability and no specificity, being the most controversial point the persistence of false...
Article
To compare the efficacy of conjunctival resection versus conjunctival resection with amniotic membrane graft (AMG) in patients with superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis not responsive to medical therapies. In a retrospective and comparative study, 16 eyes of 9 patients with long-lasting superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis who were refractory to me...
Article
618 Background: Notch and Jak/STAT pathways have a role in normal cell growth and development, but activation has been reported in several neoplasms. A relationship with positive hormonal receptor (HR) breast carcinomas (BC) has been suggested. We studied the Notch and Jak/STAT pathways in a series of BC of luminal and basal/triple negative (TN) im...
Article
In November 2009, countries around the world reported confirmed cases of pandemic influenza H1N1, including over 6000 deaths. No peak in activity has been seen. The most common causes of death are pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome. We report a case of a 55-year-old woman who presented with organising pneumonia associated with influe...
Article
La biopsia pulmonar transbronquial (BPTB) es una técnica broncoscópica indicada en el estudio de las enfermedades pulmonares difusas, cuyo rendimiento diagnóstico es variable debido, en parte, al pequeño tamaño de las muestras obtenidas. La utilización de criosondas en la práctica de la BPTB podría permitir obtener muestras tisulares de mayor tamañ...
Article
Full-text available
Therapeutic options for patients with metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) are limited due to lack of effective treatments. Thus, there is a need to thoroughly characterize the pathways of molecular pathogenesis and to identify potential targets for therapy in MTC. Since epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) seems to play a crucial role f...
Article
The cDNA microarrays allows the classification of breast cancers into 6 groups: luminal A, luminal B, luminal C, normal breast-like, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive, and basal-like. This latter is characterized by the expression of basal cytokeratins (CKs), and frequent negativity for hormone receptors and human epidermal growth f...
Article
Transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) is a bronchoscopy procedure used to obtain peripheral lung tissue. Small size samples and artefacts lead to variable, and usually poor, diagnostic yield. The use of cryoprobes may enable larger size and better quality biopsy samples to be obtained. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of TBLB w...
Article
Full-text available
Therapeutic options for patients with metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) are limited due to lack of effective treatments. Thus, there is a need to thoroughly characterize the pathways of molecular pathogenesis and to identify potential targets for therapy in MTC. Since epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) seems to play a crucial role f...
Article
The cDNA microarrays allows the classification of breast cancers into 6 groups: luminal A, luminal B, luminal C, normal breast-like, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive, and basal-like. This latter is characterized by the expression of basal cytokeratins (CKs), and frequent negativity for hormone receptors and human epidermal growth f...
Conference Paper
Visual examination and interpretation of microscopic images taken from the cervix are at the core for the detection and prevention of cervical cancer. However these visual processes are tedious and in many cases error-prone. This is why automated screening systems, interacting with the technologist, would be a tremendous improvement for reducing th...
Article
Here a case of primary amyloidosis of the breast associated with invasive lobular carcinoma is reported with a brief review of the most relevant clinical, radiological and pathological features. The lesion presented as a suspicious mass with particular diffuse hyperechogenicity on the sonographic examination, which in this case can be considered su...
Article
We studied whether Fas-receptor (Fas-R; CD95) expression, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Fas promoter region, and/or Fas-ligand (Fas-L) production could determine individual susceptibility to cervical cancer progression. The clinicopathologic features of 38 patients with cervical squamous carcinomas (22 stage I, 8 stage II, and 8 sta...
Article
PIK3CA mutations at 9 and 20 exons were studied in a series of 56 selected aggressive breast carcinomas (BC): 27 with Her-2 over-expression and negativity for estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR), and 29 "triple negative" BC (negative for ER, PR and Her-2). Also, immunohistochemical studies of p53, ki-67, Her-1 (EGFR), pIGF-1R, P...
Article
Full-text available
Background The predictive value of IGF1R on local recurrence in invasive breast carcinoma (BC) is not well known. Methods In a series of 197 lymph-node negative BC patients treated with breast-conserving surgery and radiation therapy, we performed immunohistochemistry for alpha-IGF1R, beta-IGF1R (phosphorylated/active form) and Estrogen/Progesteron...
Article
Full-text available
Modern Pathology features diagnostic anatomic pathology and contains original scientific papers, selected short courses, appropriate special lectures, reviews, editorials, letters to the editor, and Academy News. In many ways, it reflects the instructive and informative composition of the Academy's annual meeting. Publication is monthly.
Article
Full-text available
Undifferentiated and poorly differentiated thyroid tumors are responsible for more than half of thyroid cancer patient deaths in spite of their low incidence. Conventional treatments do not obtain substantial benefits, and the lack of alternative approaches limits patient survival. Additionally, the absence of prognostic markers for well-differenti...
Article
Full-text available
Background Pigmented lesions of the eye represent a challenging field from both clinical and pathologic approaches. The importance Of a correct diagnosis in this case is enhanced by the delicate structures involved and their difficult accessibility. Case We report a case of a 51-year-old man with acute vision loss and the feeling of a foreign body...
Article
There is a compelling need for automated cervical smear screening systems to improve the quality and cost/efficiency screening rate. Computer-assisted devices can reduce false negative Pap smear interpretations using computerized systems to assist the cytotechnologist in identifying Pap smear abnormalities and providing added value in their ability...
Article
Full-text available
Pigmented lesions of the eye represent a challenging field from both clinical and pathologic approaches. The importance of a correct diagnosis in this case is enhanced by the delicate structures involved and their difficult accessibility. We report a case of a 51-year-old man with acute vision loss and the feeling of a foreign body in the left eye...
Article
Full-text available
Around 25% of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer families have mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. The search for other genes has until now failed, probably because there is not one single BRCAX gene, but rather various genes that may each be responsible for a small number of breast cancer families and/or may interact according to a polygenic...
Article
Full-text available
Basal breast carcinomas triple negative for estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors and Her2/neu breast carcinomas are more aggressive than conventional neoplasms. We studied 64 cases with immunohistochemistry, using 23 antibodies, to characterize diverse pathological pathways. A basal cytokeratin was identified in 81% of tumors and vimentin was...
Article
Full-text available
During pregnancy and lactation, the breast can be affected by a variety of specific and unique disorders, including benign disorders closely related to physiologic changes, inflammatory and infectious diseases, juvenile papillomatosis, and benign and malignant tumors. Patients with pregnancy-associated breast carcinoma tend to have more advanced ne...

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