Enrique G Fernández-Abascal

National Distance Education University | UNED · Department of Basic Psychology II

The study of anxiety traits and their relationship with emotions in dreaming is gaining special relevance in recent times. One instrument that measures the level of sleep anxiety and emotional valence in dreams is the DSEA (Dream and Sleep Emotions and Anxiety) questionnaire. This questionnaire has two different scales, one for sleep anxiety (DSEA-...

The study of the level of anxiety and its relationship with emotional valence in sleep is gaining special relevance in recent times. One instrument that measures the level of sleep anxiety and emotional valence in dreams is the DSEA (Dream and Sleep Emotions and Anxiety) questionnaire, although no analyses had yet been carried out. The aim of the c...

Abstract: The main objective of this longitudinal study, with two measurements, one before the lockdown (M1: March 2-8), and the other during the lockdown (M2: April 20-26), using the same participants, is to determine the evolution of the hedonic and eudaimonic aspects of well-being and the effect of compulsory confinement due to the COVID-19 pand...

Această carte analizează emoțiile primare, cum ar fi bucuria sau frica, care acționează ca primă linie de apărare emoțională împotriva circumstanțelor vieții. Sunt însă abordate și emoțiile secundare și modul în care acestea sunt activate, de exemplu anxietatea, care se dezvoltă în mintea noastră din experiențe pe care le-am trăit și experiențe car...

The objective of this longitudinal study carried out with the same participants, with two repeated measurements, the first taken in March 2020 (M1) and the second measurement in March 2021 (M2), is to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic throughout one year on the levels of Affect, Psychological Well-being, Depression and Mental and Phys...

Resumen La variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca (VFC) es un reflejo de muchos factores fisiológicos que modulan el ritmo del corazón. Proporciona un medio poderoso para observar la interacción entre los sistemas nerviosos simpático y parasimpático. La frecuencia cardíaca (FC) es una señal, su variación puede contener indicadores de diferentes enf...

En las últimas décadas el término “conciencia” ha invadido el lenguaje cotidiano y el erudito. Desde diferentes ámbitos de conocimiento y desde diversas formas de entender la existencia, se señala a la conciencia como el último reto para el conocimiento humano y como el último misterio a desvelar sobre la humanidad en el universo. Ni las explicacio...

Social cognition might be impaired in first degree relatives (FDR) of BD but existing research shows controversial results about social cognitive impairments in this population. The aim of this study was to assess Theory of Mind (ToM) and nonverbal sensitivity in FDR of BD and compare the results with those of two groups of persons with remitted bi...

This longitudinal study, before and during the confinement of the COVID-19 pandemic, is to determine the evolution and effects on affect, psychological well-being, depression, and mental and physical health, during an ordinary week, from March 1 to March 7, in the week leading up to the establishment of confinement, from March 8 to March 14, and fo...

The Dark Triad (DT) is composed of three closely related personality traits: psychopathy, Machiavellianism and narcissism. These traits have been linked to emotional deficits. The aim of the present study was to analyze the relationship between the DT traits, including sub-dimensions, and depressive symptoms in order to identify those factors most...

A relatively unexplored aspect in bipolar disorder (BD) is the ability to accurately judge other´s other´s nonverbal behavior. To explore this aspect of social cognition in this population is particularly meaningful, as it may have an influence in their social and interpersonal functioning. The aim of this research was to study interpersonal accura...

In this work, on the one hand, we examined the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and empathy and, on the other, the relationship between EI and non-verbal sensitivity, through two independent studies. The first study analyzed the relationship between dimensions of EI and aspects of empathy, in a sample of 856 participants who complet...

The recent conceptualization of psychopathy as a dimensional construct has given rise to the need for validated instruments for use in nonclinical populations. The Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (SRP-III) is a questionnaire widely used to evaluate psychopathic traits in clinical and nonclinical samples in the English-speaking population. Using a com...

Todos sabemos lo que es una emoción, pero nos resulta muy difícil definir las emociones. En este libro se intenta ofrecer una descripción clara a muchas de las preguntas que nos hacemos sobre esta cuestión. El contenido se desarrolla en forma de cuestiones a las que dan respuesta, de forma asequible y directa, treinta y tres investigadores especial...

Todo lo que usted siempre quiso saber sobre las emociones (y nunca se atrevió a preguntar)

This study investigated how the reports of happiness can evolve along the life cycle. Three different perspectives of happiness were used, namely satisfaction with life, hedonic and eudaimonic happiness. A total of 806 portuguese individuals, aged between 18 and 93 years old (M = 46.03; SD = 18,71) of which were 430 female and 376 male, participate...

The aim of this study was to analyze social-perceptual Theory of Mind (ToM) in people affected with bipolar disorder (BD), comparing remitted BD I and BD II with controls, euthymic UD and also between them. 65 BD I and 47 BD II participants were compared to a group of 112 persons with no psychiatric diagnosis and 43 persons with UD in the Reading...

Background There are practically no studies on the relationship between defensive pessimism and health. The objectives are (i) To examine the relationship between dispositional optimism and physical and mental health, and also between health behaviors, and (ii) To determine possible differences in physical and mental health, and health behaviors, e...

Objective: Stress perception depends on cultural and social aspects that vary from one country to another. One of the most widely disseminated methods of assessing psychological stress is the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-4). Therefore, in order to identify these factors and their impact on mental health, the present study compares the PSS-4 results...

El presente estudio explora la relación entre los tipos de personalidad afectiva construidos a partir de las respuestas a las escalas PANAS de afecto positivo (PA) y afecto negativo (NA) y las dimensiones de personalidad medidas con el NEO FFI. Se obtuvieron también medidas de autoinforme de satisfacción con la vida y de bienestar subjetivo. Partic...

Background: The VIA Institute on Character is offering the VIA-120 as the standard VIA Survey, replacing the original 240-item version. The present work involved the construction and the initial evaluation of the Spanish VIA-120 as a short version of the Spanish adaptation of the VIA-IS. Method: This short form was developed using data from 2,14...

Alexithymia is a personality trait which is associated with difficulties in identifying and verbalizing emotions. Previous studies have shown a significant association between alexithymia and a lack of ability to decode emotional facial expressions. Three groups of university students (N = 1645) were formed by splitting the sample based on Toronto...

p> The study of happiness was dominated with the model of subjective well-being. With the advent of positive psychology the eudaimonic and hedonic models entered the field, but major surveys continue to use single-item measures of life satisfaction or happiness. We study the associations between life satisfaction and happiness, measured single-item...

In this paper the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and health is examined. The current work investigated the dimensions of EI are sufficient to explain various components of physical and mental health, and various categories of health-related behaviors. A sample of 855 participants completed two measures of EI, the Trait Meta-Mood S...

Las emociones negativas tienen una función: protegernos ante las amenazas y peligros, ¿pero qué es lo que nos aportan las emociones positivas? Durante muchos años se pensó que simplemente eran un regalo evolutivo ya que, en apariencia, no cumplen con las mismas funciones que presentan las negativas. El reciente interés por la investigación de las e...

El Cuestionario VIA de Fortalezas Personales (VIA-IS; Peterson, Park y Seligman, 2005) es un autoinforme que mide 24 fortalezas del carácter ampliamente valoradas. Este artículo presenta las propiedades psico- métricas de la versión española del VIA-IS en una muestra de 1.060 adultos. Se analizan las relaciones con satisfacción vital y afecto posit...

The purpose of this research was: first, to evaluate the degree to which pulse transit time (PTT) covaries with systolic blood pressure, second, to estimate the influence of pre-ejection period on PTT, third, to test an index of blood pressure reactivity and fourth, to study the decrease in cardiovascular activity along a period of time. The result...

This study has three objectives: a) to describe the main differences in the crying patterns produced by the three affective states most closely related to crying: fear, anger and pain; b) to study the adults’ accuracy in the recognition of the affective states related to the infant’s crying, and c) to analyze the emotional reaction that infant cryi...

The 'Reading the Mind in the Eyes' (Eyes) test is an advanced test of theory of mind. It is widely used to assess individual differences in social cognition and emotion recognition across different groups and cultures. The present study examined distributions of responses and scores on a Spanish version of the test in a non-clinical Spanish adult p...

The Spanish version of the MiniPONS (Bänziger, Scherer, Hall y Rosenthal, 2011), the short version multichannel of the Profile of Nonver- bal Sensitivity (PONS), is presented. This scale was designed to measure individual differences in the ability to recognize emotions, interpersonal at- titudes, and communicative intentions in nonverbal channels....

Three studies explored the relation between affect and production of creative divergent thinking, assessed with the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking (Figural TTCT). In the first study, general, positive, and negative affect, assessed with the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) were compared with creative production. In the second study,...

The Spanish version of the MiniPONS (Bänziger, Scherer, Hall y Rosenthal, 2011), the short version multichannel of the Profile of Nonverbal Sensitivity (PONS), is presented. This scale was designed to measure individual differences in the ability to recognize emotions, interpersonal attitudes, and communicative intentions in nonverbal channels. Thi...

Los gestos faciales están relacionados con la experiencia emocional, pero también sirven para comunicarse con los demás. Por ello, existen patrones comunes en la expresión facial de diferentes bebés, además de manifestaciones propias debidas a diferencias personales, sexo, edad, temperamento y experiencias cotidianas (como por ejemplo la reacción q...

The purpose of this study is to analyze specific and general deficits in facial and vocal emotional expression recognition in people with low and high sadness. The aim is to verify whether common biases of major depressive disorder occur in nonclinical emotional conditions too. According to the results there are no general deficits in emotional rec...

The purpose of this study is to analyze specific and general deficits in facial and vocal emotional expression recognition in people with low and high sadness. The aim is to verify whether common biases of major depressive disorder occur in nonclinical emotional conditions too. According to the results there are no general deficits in emotional rec...

This study has three objectives: a) to describe the main differences in the crying patterns produced by the three affective states most closely related to crying: fear, anger and pain; b) to study the adults' accuracy in the recognition of the affective states related to the infant's crying, and c) to analyze the emotional reaction that infant cryi...

This work examines whether a positive personality trait, such as optimism, can reduce bias in differential words recalled after inducing a certain emotion. After showing a list of words with various emotional valences to a group of 59 subjects, a specific emotional state was induced. Subsequently, the subjects were asked to recall the list of words...

Emotion-eliciting films are commonly used to evoke subjective emotional responses in experimental settings. The main aim of the present study was to investigate whether a set of film clips with discrete emotions were capable to elicit measurable objective physiological responses. The convergence between subjective and objective measures was evaluat...

Recognition of emotional facial expressions is a central area in the psychology of emotion. This study presents two experiments. The first experiment analyzed recognition accuracy for basic emotions including happiness, anger, fear, sadness, surprise, and disgust. 30 pictures (5 for each emotion) were displayed to 96 participants to assess recognit...

En este trabajo se pretende contrastar si un rasgo positivo de personalidad como es el optimismo podría minimizar el sesgo en el recuerdo diferencial de palabras tras inducir una emoción determinada. Se indujo un determinado estado emocional a 59 sujetos tras mostrarles una lista de palabras con distinta valencia afectiva, instándoles a continuació...

One of the main difficulties in the study of emotion is the induction of a real emotional response by means of artificial techniques. The aim of the current study is to validate the Spanish version of a set of films with the capacity to induce emotions (PIE) under laboratory conditions and to analyze its capacity to provoke differentiated basic emo...

Enrique García Fernández-Abascal. Dpto. Psicología Básica II UNED RESUMEN En el presente trabajo se pretende contrastar la relación entre Inteligencia Emocional y los procesos atribucionales. Para ello se aplicaron el TMMS24 y el Cuestionario de Estilo Atribucional a un grupo de estudiantes de la UNED (N=141), encontrándose relación entre las escal...

veces suceden cosas altamente traumáticas que cambian drásticamente nuestra vida, intuitivamente pensamos que ante tales circunstancias nos encontramos indefensos y que nuestra vida debe cambiar para peor, pero no necesariamente es así. Desde el siglo XIX en que surge el interés por el concepto de trauma, se entiende éste como una experiencia psico...

El término estrés es una aportación de un médico húngaro llamado Has Selye (1907-1982). Su primera intuición sobre la existencia de este proceso psicológico se produjo mientras realizaba su rotatorio hospitalario al final de sus estudios de medicina. Observó que todos los pacientes, independientemente de la enfermedad que padecieran, presentaban un...

This article reviews many results of recent investigations in areas related to decisionmaking. The classic conception of a rational human being is yielding to new, more complex and integrated formulations in which emotional and affective aspects occupy a prominent position. Decision-making is tackled from different points of view, among which the n...

Tradicionalmente la Psicología apenas se ha interesado por investigar las emociones positivas, que además son más complejas y más difusas en sus efectos que las negativas. Pero el avance en los métodos de investigación y un particular cambio en la orientación de la Psicología han propiciado recientemente un importante esfuerzo por estudiar las emoc...

This study ranges from a theoretical review of babies' facial and prosodic communication, to the adaptation of a system to evaluate the facial expression of emotions for its application to babies, making it possible to observe, record and study emotions at very early ages in a reliable way. When faced with situations or stimuli that affect them, ba...

The International Affective Digitized Sounds (IADS): Spanish Norms. The Spanish norms for the International Affective Digitized Sounds (IADS) are reported. The IADS is a standardized set of 110 digitalized sounds which are both reliable and valid for the experimental study of emotional processes. The construction of the IADS is based on Peter J. La...

Este trabajo recoge los valores normativos de la adaptación española del Sistema Internacional de Sonidos Afectivos (IADS). El IADS es un conjunto estandarizado de 110 sonidos digitalizados, fiable y válido, para el estudio experimental de los procesos emocionales, construido a partir del modelo dimensional de las emociones propuesto por Peter J. L...

Este trabajo recoge los valores normativos de la adaptación española del Sistema Internacional de Sonidos Afectivos (IADS). El IADS es un conjunto estandarizado de 110 sonidos digitalizados, fiable y válido, para el estudio experimental de los procesos emocionales, construido a partir del modelo dimensional de las emociones propuesto por Peter J. L...

Los procesos psicológicos constituyen elementos fundamentales en el estudio de la psicología. Son los procesos que permiten a la persona tomar conciencia de sí misma y de su entorno, se encuentran en el origen de cualquier manifestación conductual y hacen posible el ajuste del comportamiento a las condiciones y demandas ambientales. En esta obra se...

The aim of this work is to examin the risk factors of cardiovascular dysfunctions that can be modified through psychological interventions. These risk factors are mainly classic (e.g., obesity, physical inactivity, hypertension) and emotional (e.g.,Type A behavior pattern, anger and hostility, anxiety), in general all those that possess a psycholog...

La estructura está constituida por cuatro bloques temáticos: el primero se centra en los aspectos comunes y diferenciales de ambos procesos; el segundo y el tercero está dedicado al estudio de la emoción y la motivación -aspectos básicos, estudio de las emociones y motivaciones discretas, ejemplos del uso de la emoción y la motivación en el campo a...

El propósito de este trabajo es examinar los factores de riesgo de los trastornos cardiovasculares que pueden ser modificados a través de intervenciones psicológicas. Entre estos factores se incluyen los conocidos como clásicos (p.e., obesidad, sedentarismo, hipertensión arterial), los denominados emocionales (p.e., conducta Tipo A, ira y hostilida...