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Introduction
Skills and Expertise
Additional affiliations
January 2006 - February 2017
Position
- Head of Department of Fruit Research Unit
Publications
Publications (90)
Liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry fingerprinting together with pattern recognition techniques was used to determine the metabolites involved in the susceptibility of apple cultivars to rosy apple aphid (RAA). Preprocessing of ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization and quadrupole time-of...
European canker, caused by Neonectria ditissima Bres., is an economically damaging fungal disease of apple. Breeding new cultivars with a high level of resistance to European canker is the main aim of apple breeding programs. Observations of symptoms in naturally infected trees were carried out in 400 apple accessions in Asturias (north-western Spa...
With frequent host shifts involving the colonization of new hosts across large geographical ranges, crop pests are good models for examining the mechanisms of rapid colonization. The microbial partners of pest insects may also be involved in or affected by colonization processes, which has been little studied so far. We investigated the demographic...
Winter chill is expected to decrease in many mild-winter regions under future climatic conditions. Reliable estimates of the chill requirements (CR) of fruit trees are essential for assessing the current suitability of cultivars and potential climate change impacts on fruit production. We determined chill and heat requirements of ten apple cultivar...
Most apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh.) are self-incompatible and fruit yield depends on cross-pollination between genetically compatible cultivars with synchronous flowering. Flowering intensity can vary strongly among years due to the biennial bearing habit of the cultivars. The knowledge of the phenological stages and floral and pollen charact...
In a global warming context, analyses of historic temperature records are essential to understand the potential impacts of climate change on spring phenology. To estimate flowering trends over recent decades, we analyzed long-term temperature and phenology records of eleven local apple cultivars in Asturias (northwestern Spain) in a temperate ocean...
Comprehensive chemical characterization of nine mono-varietal apple pomaces obtained from the production of ciders with PDO is described. They were rich in essential minerals, fibers (35-52.9%), and polyphenols. High levels in GalA (11.8-21.6%), revealed the suitability of these apple pomaces as efficient sources of pectins. Extracted pectins showe...
A bstract
With frequent host shifts involving the colonization of new hosts across large geographical ranges, crop pests are good models for examining the mechanisms of rapid colonization. The microbial partners of pest insects may also be involved in or affected by colonization processes, which has been little studied so far. We investigated the d...
La proliferación del manzano es una enfermedad inducida por Candidatus Phytoplasma mali cuyos síntomas son cada vez frecuentes en Asturias. La presencia de “escobas de bruja” (síntoma característico) se ha observado en la mayoría de los cultivares de manzana en esta región. No obstante, esta enfermedad podría afectar de forma desigual a las varieda...
Las plantaciones de manzano de Asturias están habitadas por una abundante y rica comunidad de psílidos, incluyendo los principales vectores en Europa del patógeno ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’, causante de la enfermedad de la proliferación del manzano. En concreto, la especie Cacopsylla picta (syn. C. costalis) es la más abundante en las pomaradas...
The phenolic profiles of apple cultivars from the SERIDA Asturian cider apple breeding program, including parents and progenies, were determined by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-electrospray ionization-quadrupole time of flight/mass spectrometer in order to study the relationship between phenols and the resistance...
The cultivated apple is susceptible to several pests including the rosy apple aphid (RAA; Dysaphis plantaginea Passerini), control of which is mainly based on chemical treatments. A few cases of resistance to aphids have been described in apple germplasm resources, laying the basis for the development of new resistant cultivars by breeding. The cul...
Este trabajo tiene como objetivo determinar la estrategia más adecuada para la
selección del conjunto mínimo de accesiones (núcleo optimizado) que represente
eficientemente la variación genética del manzano conservado en las colecciones
españolas. Este núcleo optimizado mediante criterios genéticos constituirá la base de
la colección nuclear de con...
The nature and structure of genetic diversity in the Spanish apple germplasm preserved at the national level was widely unknown, since studies performed to date on this topic have been exclusively carried out at the regional scale. Here, 1453 accessions from Spanish collections of Malus × domestica were evaluated with a common set of 13 SSR (Simple...
A chromatographic method for the separation of volatile compounds in Asturian cider apple juices has been developed. For this separation purpose, a monocationic imidazolium-based ionic liquid bearing a reactive terminal iodine atom was synthesized by a quaternization-anion exchange chemical sequence. Next, the gas chromatography (GC) stationary pha...
Gas chromatography combined with solid-phase microextraction has been used for the identification of the aromatic profiles of new cider apple genotypes, and a chemometric characterization of these new cider apple genotypes has been carried out using exploratory and modelling techniques. Three breeding targets have been explored: (1) regular bearing...
Rosy apple aphid (Dysaphis plantaginea), is one of the major insect pests of apple, causing serious physical and economic damage to fruit production. A dominant resistance gene Dp-fl was previously mapped at the bottom of linkage group LG8 from the cultivar ‘Florina’, linked to the SSR CH01h10. The development of additional genetic markers mapping...
Polyphenols may play a role in plant response to biotic-stress and in resistance mechanisms. We aimed at testing the correlation between phenol concentration in apple and cultivar tolerance to rosy apple aphid (RAA), Dysaphis plantaginea, a key pest of apple on a full-sib family produced at SERIDA, derived of a crossing between the local cultivar ‘...
In the present work, a comparative study of the detailed phenolic profile of fruit and juice samples from an Asturian cider apple breeding program was carried out. To achieve this, a fast, selective and sensitive UHPLC-DAD strategy was developed and validated. The proposed method allowed determining 49 polyphenols in apple samples and 41 phenolic c...
El control sostenible del pulgón ceniciento, una de las principales plagas del manzano, podría basarse en el empleo de variedades resistentes. El mecanismo de resistencia más conocido es el presente en 'Florina', una variedad que no muestra los típicos enrollamientos foliares producidos por este áfido y que, además, afecta negativamente a la viabil...
The number of local and traditional fruit cultivars in Andalusia (Southern Spain) has decreased dramatically since the 1970s when new commercial cultivars from breeding programs were introduced, replacing old varieties, and thus decreasing genetic diversity. The present study was included in a genetic resources project with the objective of identif...
10 Tecnología Agroalimentaria -n.º 13 Las manchas negras de la piel de la manzana Las manchas negras de la piel es una enfermedad típica de regiones húmedas que afecta a la superficie de las manzanas y que produce una depreciación del producto, al menos en el caso de la manzana de mesa. Foto 1.-Distintos tipos y formas de manchas negras de la piel....
Cultivar may be an important factor associated with the occurrence and severity of sooty blotch and flyspeck (SBFS) fungi in apple. The aim of the study was to analyse the influence of 28 cultivar features on the occurrence of the SBFS complex in apple and to categorize the importance of each using a multivariate approach. Features were classified...
un artículo anterior publicado en esta misma revista (Miñarro y Dapena, 2010) ofrecíamos las claves para identifi-car estas dos especies y diferenciarlas de otros micromamíferos que viven en las pumaradas. Sin embargo, estos roedores dañinos tienen actividad subterránea y no son fáciles de ver ni, por tanto, identificar. En el presente artículo vam...
Headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled to Fast gas chromatography (GC) with flame ionization detector and with quadrupole mass spectrometric detector was employed to study the volatile compounds in Asturian cider apples. The best conditions used for volatile analysis of apple were: sample equilibration at 25 °C for 60 min, followed by polydi...
The sustainable management of vole populations to reduce crop damage requires a reliable estimation of rodent density. The present study was conducted in 2011 in Asturias (NW, Spain) and aimed at developing a method for estimating the density of the water vole Arvicola terrestris cantabriae and the Lusitanian pine vole Microtus lusitanicus in apple...
Sooty blotch and flyspeck (SBFS) fungi occur on apple surface in regions with moist climate, such as Asturias, in the Northwest coast of Spain. Due to the lack of knowledge on SBFS in our region, research has been conducted to determine (1) the timing of appearance of symptoms, (2) the incidence of these fungi on different cultivars, orchards and y...
Apple production is among the most intensively sprayed productions. Orchards' design usually targets productivity rather than autonomy and reproducibility. However, as perennial and multistrata systems, orchards create complex design opportunities to promote natural regulation processes and to address sustainability issues. Besides, there are speci...
En los últimos años, el cultivo de la manzana en Asturias está inmerso en un proceso de evolución y profesionalización creciente. En este contexto, la protección fitosanitaria de los manzanos requiere, cada vez más, un conocimiento técnico más profundo de las enfermedades, las plagas y la fauna beneficiosa.
Esta guía pretende ayudar a conocer y re...
A simple and fast method based on solid-phase microextraction (SPME) followed by fast gas chromatography (Fast GC) has been developed for the analysis of volatile compounds in Asturian apple juices employed in the cider production. Three different fiber coatings have been checked (PDMS, PDMS-DVB and CAR-PDMS) and PDMS-DVB has been presented to be t...
Headspace solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled to high-speed gas chromatography with FID detector (HSGC-FID) and with quadrupole mass spectrometric detector (GC–MS) was employed to study the volatile compounds in Asturian cider apples. The optimised conditions used for characterisation of cider apple were: sample equilibration at 25°C for 12h...
E spaña es el país europeo con mayor superficie dedicada a la agricultura ecológica. De las 1.602.868 ha en cultivo ecológi-co, solamente 5.300 ha se destinan a frutales (MARM, 2009), y éstas repre-sentan menos del 1% de la superficie total española dedicada a frutales de pepita y hueso. Tanto técnicos como agricultores albergan numerosas re-servas...
especies de roedores de la subfamilia Arvicolinae, conocidos popular-mente como topillos, se han convertido en los últimos años en un auténtico azote para muchos cultivos. Paulatinamente, es-tos roedores perjudiciales han pasado a ser uno de los factores limitantes para el cultivo del manzano en Asturias, por lo que son necesarias soluciones que pu...
In this work, a novel, simple and fast method based on solid-phase microextraction (SPME) followed by high-speed gas chromatography (HSGC) was developed for the analysis of total 1,3-octanediols in apple juices by means of derivatization reaction to volatile 1,3-dioxanes. The derivatization reaction, SPME conditions, glycosidically bound fraction a...
For a sustainable management of cider-apple orchards, a holistic approach is recommended. In such approach, features such as the groundcover management or the fertilization strategy may have a significant influence not only on both tree growth and yield but also in some other cultivation features. To compare the possible multitrophic effects of the...
In-plant resistance is a key tool in the development of sustainable strategies of pest control. Germplasm in the form of 28 local apple cultivars and 10 commercial cultivars carrying the Vf gene for resistance to apple scab Venturia inaequalis was evaluated for the response to woolly apple aphid (WAA) Eriosoma lanigerum in the greenhouse. The respo...
The rosy apple aphid Dysaphis plantaginea Passerini (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
is a key pest of apple. Resistance to this aphid has been phenotypically determined in
Malus floribunda 821, and in some descendants such as ‘Florina’. Recently, a major
resistance gene, Dp-fl has been mapped on the bottom part of the LG8 in the cultivar
‘Florina’. The marke...
Esta monografía expone las conclusiones del trabajo realizado por el Panel de Expertos CLIMAS. Recoge los cambios constatados en el clima, el medio natural, costero y marino de Asturias en las últimas décadas, a la vez que apunta los principales efectos detectados en los distintos sistemas naturales, sociales y económicos de nuestra comunidad autón...
Rosy apple aphid (RAA), Dysaphis plantaginea Passerini (Homoptera: Aphididae), is a major apple pest that is normally controlled by insecticide sprays. The use of tolerant cultivars to reduce damage of this aphid would contribute to a non-chemical crop protection. This study evaluated the susceptibility of nine scab-resistant apple cultivars (‘Dayt...
To test the importance of flowering phenology in damage caused to apple cultivars by rosy apple aphid, Dysaphis plantaginea (Passerini) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), susceptibility of 16 cultivars was compared in greenhouse conditions after infestation with aptera and in the field after natural tree colonization. Flowering phenology was recorded in the f...
Since 1997 onward, a European Working Group (WG) dealing with the Malus and Pyrus Genetic Resources has been established inside the structure of the European Cooperative Programme for Plant Genetic Resources. It plays a key role as an umbrella for the European coordination of national actions in the field of collection, characterisation, evaluation...
El aumento de la temperatura ha provocado un adelanto de la época de floración de las variedades de manzano asturianas, principalmente debido a un aumento de las unidades de calor acumuladas en primavera. En las tres últimas décadas la fecha de floración teórica se ha adelantado 15 días de promedio.El efecto combinado del aumento de la temperatura...
The rosy apple aphid Dysaphis plantaginea is a key pest in Western Europe that damages leaves, shoots and fruits on apple trees. These aphid populations are usually controlled by insecticides, which are sprayed as soon as aphids are detected on trees. Aphid densities vary widely from one year to the next, and spraying is not likely to be required e...
Cider is a key economic factor in the Asturian (NW Spain) agrarian sector, where apple production is principally geared towards cider making. Research on sustainable strategies for managing cider-apple orchards has been performed by the SERIDA since 1986. Nowadays, a viable strategy for organic cider-apple production may be recommended. Cultivar se...
El proyecto ECOVERGER se llevó a cabo entre junio de 2003 y noviembre de 2005, concluyendo con la reciente elaboración de un documento ver (www.serida,org) donde se analizan estos sistemas y se recogen las conclusiones surgidas del trabajo de los 11 socios durante los dos años y medio que duró el proyecto. The ECOVERGER project was carried out betw...
El desarrollo con éxito de programas de manejo de ácaros fitófagos basados en el control biológico por fitoseidos requiere como primer paso el conocimiento de la fauna de fitoseidos. Por ello, se muestrearon los fitoseidos en plantaciones experimentales de seis cultivos frutales (arándano, avellano, castaño, cerezo, kiwi y manzano) en Asturias. Se...
Episyrphus balteatus (DeGeer) (Diptera: Syrphidae), Adalia bipunctata (L.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Rondani) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) are the three most abundant natural enemies of Dysaphis plantaginea Passerini (Homoptera: Aphididae) in Asturian (NW Spain) apple orchards. They attack this aphid in sequence: E. baltea...
El desarrollo con éxito de programas de manejo de ácaros fitófagos basados en el control biológico por fitoseidos requiere como primer paso el conocimiento de la fauna de fitoseidos. Por ello, se muestrearon los fitoseidos en plantaciones experimentales de seis cultivos frutales (arándano, avellano, castaño, cerezo, kiwi y manzano) en Asturias. Se...
Se ha realizado un estudio de los parasitoides que emergen de larvas de carpocapsa recolectadas mediante bandas de cartón en plantaciones de manzano de Asturias. Emergieron 257 parasitoides pertenecientes a 4 especies: Ascogaster quadridentata Wesmael (51,4 % del total de parasitoides), Pristomerus vulnerator Panzer (35,0 %), Liotryphon caudatus Ra...
A field experiment was conducted in a cider-apple orchard to evaluate the effect of six groundcover management systems (pine-bark, plastic and straw mulches, tillage, herbicide and natural soil) on the occurrence of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae).Eight species of carabids were collected in pitfall traps. The three most common beetles, Stero...
Se han muestreado los fitoseidos presentes en manzano en Asturias a lo largo del periodo vegetativo (1999) y sobre colonias otoñales de ácaros del género Tetranychus (1998 y 2000). Se han identificado un total de 492 individuos pertenecientes a 12 especies diferentes. Todas las especies, exepto Amblyseius herbicolus (Chant) y Phytoseiulus persimili...
Alternative strategies to the common practice of spraying with insecticide in order to control the rosy apple aphid Dysaphis plantaginea (Pass.) (Homoptera: Aphididae) are required. Biological control by natural enemies is a possible tool. In Asturies, despite the tradition of growing local cider apple trees, there are no studies about the communit...
Se ha experimentado en plantaciones de manzano de sidra y mesa en Asturias el control de la carpocapsa Cydia pomonella (L.) mediante granulovirus y la utilización de difusores de la feromona sexual específica ((E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol).
El tratamiento con granulovirus permitió reducir los daños por carpocapsa desde más de un 23 % de los testigos...
Phenolic compounds in 46 Spanish cider apple varieties were determined by RP-HPLC with direct injection. Several pattern recognition procedures, including principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and partial least squares (PLS-1), were applied to the data in an attempt to classify the samples into bitter and nonbitter...
Polyphenols were analyzed by HPLC in apple tree leaves of different scab-resistant and -susceptible cultivars to compare their phenolic contents in relation to their resistance to the disease. Quantitative and slight qualitative differences among cultivars were found. Dihydrochalcones (phloridzin and phloretin) and flavonols were the main phenolic...
A method is presented for the simultaneous determination of nitrate and nitrite by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with an anion exchange (Partisil SAX) column, a 0.030 M potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate/phosphoric acid buffer of pH 3.5 mobile phase and UV detector. Without using a preconcentration system the detection limits are 0...
Water-soluble pectin (WSP), chelator-soluble pectin (CSP), and hydrochloric acid-soluble pectin (HASP) were monitored in five Asturian apples (Malus domestics Borkh.) throughout ripening. The alcohol-insoluble solid content was found to decrease during ripening, while those of the WSP and CSP fractions increased in the final stages of ripening. Thi...
Changes in the major sugars and organic acids in five Asturian apple varieties during the final stage of ripening were studied using HPLC. The changes in total nitrogen, polyphenols, sugars and starch in these varieties were also studied over the same period. Differences were noted among the major sugars (fructose, sucrose und glucose) and sorbitol...
Two cider-production procedures involving direct fermentation of apple juice and a prefermentative clarification step or defecation were controlled microbiologically, while chemical monitoring of the major sugars, polyalcohols and organic acids produced during the fermentation was carried out by HPLC. The defecation process markedly slows down alco...
Asturias, in the North West coast of Spain, is a region with old tradition at cultivation of apple and its transformation to cider. The production of apple is mainly done under traditional uses and semi-extensive or semi-intensive system and with local cultivars. Thinning strategy is little practiced and the biennial bearing cycle is one of the mai...
El Programa de investigación en fruticultura del SERIDA viene realizando un gran esfuerzo en la caracterización, evaluación, selección y mejora de variedades que ha hecho posible optimizar el aprovechamiento de estos valiosos recursos genéticos, revalorizarlos y poner a disposición de los productores un material vegetal de alto valor agronómico y t...
1 h. en tríptico de 45x21 cm. pleg. en 15x21 cm.: il. col. España es el cuarto país mundial en producción de avellana. Esta producción se concentra actualamente en la provincia de Tarragona, sin embargo Asturias tiene las condiciones edafo-climáticas más apropiadas para el avellano por lo que sería totalmente viable relanzar el cultivo en la región...
69 p. : il. col. ; 24 cm. En el libro se recoge la descripción de veintidos variedades de manzano de sidra acogidas a la Denominación de Origen Protegida "Sidra de Asturias". Se describen las propiedades agronómicas y tecnológicas básicas que permiten hacer una correcta planificación de la plantación, como gestionar el cultivo, conocer el momento ó...
Se ha experimentado en plantaciones de manzano de sidra y mesa en Asturias el control de la carpocapsa Cydia pomonella (L.) mediante granulovirus y la utilización de difusores de la feromona sexual específica ((E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol). El tratamiento con granulovirus permitió reducir los daños por carpocapsa desde más de un 23 % de los testigos...
In a cider apple breeding programme the susceptible local cv ‘Raxao’ and the cv ‘Florina’, resistant to the rosy apple aphid, Dysaphis plantaginea (Pass.) (Homoptera: Aphididae), have been crossed. Thirty-four hybrids have been previously selected for their resistance to apple scab and low susceptibility to powdery mildew. The results of the tolera...
