Emmanuel Kymakis

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• PhD Cambridge University
• Professor (Full) at Hellenic Mediterranean University

Liquid-phase exfoliated molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) and tungsten disulfide (WS₂) nanosheets were developed as efficient and scalable hole transport layers (HTLs) for organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices. Few-layer WS₂ and MoS₂ were successfully exfoliated via ultrasonication and incorporated into OPVs using spray-deposition. Comprehensive characteriz...

This study tackles the challenge of upscaling perovskite solar modules (PSMs) to attain high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) suitable for industrial applications. Through systematic experimentation, a remarkable PCE of 17.68% for PSMs fabricated on a substrate with dimensions of 15.6 cm×15.6 cm is achieved. By refining the cell interconnection...

High-performance halide-based perovskite memory devices have been developed, exhibiting a variety of synaptic and neuronal functions based on nonvolatile and volatile or threshold switching memristors, respectively, compatible with low power consumption. However, the key ingredient in these perovskite-based systems is the presence of highly toxic l...

Outdoor performance monitoring of the emerging photovoltaic technologies, such as organic or perovskite solar modules, under real-life environmental conditions for an extended period will set the grounds for further technological maturity while revealing distinct characteristics compared to silicon or other commercial technologies. This study focus...

Although graphene's superior electrical, optoelectronic, thermal, and mechanical properties have been evident for 20 years now, its poor water dispersibility has hindered its incorporation in many types of applications and technologies. Strong examples of this are biomedical and environmental applications and devices that require non‐toxic, biocomp...

The extensive utilization of materials in daily life can result in environmental pollution, resource depletion, and numerous other consequences. One approach to mitigate these issues could be adopting recycling techniques for high-consumption materials. In this investigation, Acrylic Styrene Acrylonitrile (ASA) was selected for examination under si...

Resistive switching (RS) memories are novel devices that have attracted significant attention recently in view of their potential integration in deep neural networks for intense big data processing within the explosive artificial intelligence era. While oxide- or silicon-based memristive devices have been thoroughly studied and analyzed, there are...

The ever-increasing number of Internet of Thing devices requires the development of edge-computing platforms to address at low power consumption the associated demand for big data processing while minimizing cloud communication latency. Neuromorphic computation is a viable solution to avoid an unsustainable energy cost, however, achieving stable me...

The complex ionic-electronic conduction in mixed halide perovskites enables their use beyond von Neumann architectures implemented in resistive switching memory devices. Although device fabrication based on perovskite compounds involves solution-processing at low temperatures, reducing further fabrication costs by eliminating expensive materials ca...

In this study, we explored the potential of exfoliated transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) as innovative spray-coated hole transport layers (HTLs) in organic photovoltaics (OPVs), addressing the need for efficient and stable materials in solar cell technology. This research was motivated by the need for alternative HTLs that can offer enhanced...

This research focused on developing medical-grade polypropylene (PP)/silver (Ag) nanocomposites for the production of components through material extrusion (MEX) three-dimensional printing (3DP). The objective was to improve the performance of PP by enhancing its mechanical properties and imparting antibacterial characteristics. An industrially sca...

Hybrid halide perovskites are attractive candidates for resistive switching memories in neuromorphic computing applications due to their mixed ionic-electronic conductivity. Moreover, their exceptional optoelectronic characteristics make them effective as semiconductors in photovoltaics, opening perspectives for self-powered memory elements. These...

The demand for 3D-printed high-performance polymers (HPPs) is on the rise across sectors such as the defense, aerospace, and automotive industries. Polyethyleneimine (PEI) exhibits exceptional mechanical performance, thermal stability, and wear resistance. Herein, six generic and device-independent control parameters, that is, the infill percentage...

Polypropylene (PP) composites reinforced with hexagonal boron carbide (B 4 C) nanoparticles were constructed using a Material Extrusion (MEX) 3D printing method. The goal was to provide nanocomposites for MEX 3D printing with enhanced mechanical properties by exploiting the superior properties of the B 4 C additive. The fabricated 3D-printed specim...

Deep neural networks have achieved considerable success over the past ten years in a variety of fields. However, current state-of-the-art artificial intelligence (AI) systems require large computing hardware infrastructure and high power consumption. To overcome these hurdles, it is required to adopt new strategies such as designing novel computati...

A new technological approach is needed for the development of emerging electronic components and systems within the Internet of Things (IoT) era. New advancements and innovations are required in architectural design and hybrid systems heterogeneous integration to address the challenge of widespread IoT deployment, its power demands and sustainabili...

Layered two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal chalcogenides (TMCs) attract substantial interest across multiple disciplines due to their unique properties. In perovskite solar cells (PSCs), researchers have extensively explored the integration of 2D...

Crossbar circuits based on two terminal (2T) memristors typically require an additional unit such as a transistor for individual node selection. A memristive device with gate‐tunable synaptic functionalities will not only integrate selection functionality at the cell level but can also lead to enriched on‐demand learning schemes. Here, a three‐term...

Graphene is a two-dimensional carbon-based nanomaterial that displays exceptionally high electrical and thermal conductivity, enhanced tensile strength, as well as high flexibility, and transparency, making it a material suitable for electronics, energy devices, and biomedical applications. However, the intrinsic hydrophobicity of graphene has long...

Smart generators that convert untapped ambient energy into electrical power are an innovative approach toward developing wearable, self-powering technologies, such as sensors and IoT devices, that do not require batteries, and therefore reduce the inevitable battery waste. Clean energy can be generated through the spontaneous absorption and evapora...

Effective passivation of defects is an important step toward achieving highly efficient and stable Perovskite Solar Cells (PSCs). In this work, we introduce the incorporation of two different octylammonium based spacer cations as 2D perovskite passivation layers, namely Octylammonium Bromide (OABr) and octylammonium iodide. PSCs with OABr as a 2D p...

A facile, ultralow‐cost, and up‐scalable printable manufacturing process of flexible, multifunctional sensors that respond to more than one external stimulus could have a pivotal role in low‐cost wearables and portable systems for Industry 4.0. Herein, using a low capex, in‐house spray coating system, the fabrication of a low‐cost photodetector tha...

The most widely used material as a hole-transport layer (HTL) for effective normal perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is still 2,2′,7,7′-Tetrakis[N, N-di(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]-9,9′-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD), which requires heavy doping with the hydroscopic Lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Li-ΤFSI). However, the long-term stability and p...

Comprehensive Summary Inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted increasing attention in recent years owing to their low‐temperature fabrication proces s. However, they suffer from a limited number of electron transport materials available with [6,6]‐phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) to be the most widely studied based on its a...

Antisolvent engineering with the octylammonium salt OABr improves the quality of the perovskite film and suppresses nonradiative losses by 43.6%, resulting in high performance and stable inverted perovskite solar cells.

In this work, we formulate water-based graphene oxide (GO) inks to fabricate moisture energy generators (MEGs) while a two-fold geometric tuning is proposed to encourage enhanced performance. Two GO-based structures with distinctly different thicknesses were prepared as the moisture absorbing layer: a GO-pellet (GOP) and a thinner GO-film (GOF). Th...

Herein, an azulene–pyridine molecule (AzPy) is implemented in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) for increasing the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and the stability of the devices. The first goal is achieved by depositing a thin layer of AzPy on top of the hole charge transport layer (HTL). The surface engineering of HTL with AzPy improves t...

Organic–Inorganic Halide Perovskites (OIHP) have attracted tremendous research interest due to their exceptional semiconducting properties in combination with their facile, solution-based manufacturing performed at low temperatures. Their device applications cover a wide range of domains, while amongst them, photovoltaics is one of the most promisi...

Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are attractive printable, flexible, and cost-effective optoelectronic devices constituting an alternative technology to conventional Si-based ones. The incorporation of low-dimensional materials, such as two-dimensional (2D) materials, into the PSC structure is a promising route for interfacial...

The favorable climate conditions of the island of Crete and the recent legislation for the utilization of renewable energy sources, provide a substantial incentive for the installation of photovoltaic power plants. In this paper, the grid-connected photovoltaic park (PV park) of C. Rokas SA in Sitia, Crete is presented and its performance is evalua...

The peculiar ions and carriers heterogeneity observed in hybrid organic / inorganic materials is the source of their emergent cross-coupled light and electric field tuneable functions with potential utility in...

Solar cells based on metal halide perovskite and polymer donor:nonfullerene acceptor blend absorbers have recently witnessed a significant rise in their photovoltaic performance. However, they still suffer from some instability issues originating from the inferior interface quality and poor nanomorphology of the absorber layer. In this work, a seri...

As a vital step towards the industrialization of perovskite solar cells, outdoor field tests of large-scale perovskite modules and panels represent a mandatory step to be accomplished. Here we demonstrate the manufacturing of large-area (0.5 m²) perovskite solar panels, each containing 40 modules whose interfaces are engineered with two-dimensional...

Covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) are among the most valuable frameworks owing to many fantastic properties. However, molten salt-involved preparation of CTFs at 400 - 600°C causes debate on whether CTFs represent organic frameworks or carbon. Herein, new CTFs based on the 1,3-dicyanoazulene monomer (CTF-Azs) were synthesized using molten ZnCl2 a...

The presence of defects formed during the growth and crystallization of perovskite films is a limiting factor to achieve high efficiency and stability in perovskite solar cells. Here, we present a robust route to passivate bulk and surface defects in perovskite films by using an amino-functionalized BODIPY fluorophore. The addition of amino-BODIPY...

Conjugated polymers are a family of materials that are widely used as Hole Transport Layers (HTL) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Specifically, PEDOT:PSS is a widely used conjugated polymer in inverted PSCs that suffers from poor stability. Here, the lifetime of inverted PSCs is extended by employing for the first time the hydrophobic conjugated...

Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) is regarded as an attractive solid-state electrolyte in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, relatively low ionic conductivity of pristine PEO is a critical bottleneck to boost high-performance solid-state LIBs. Herein, poly(2-aminoazulene) (PAAz) was synthesized using the oxidation polymerization strategy and acted as...

In the ever-increasing energy demand scenario, the development of novel photovoltaic (PV) technologies is considered to be one of the key solutions to fulfil the energy request. In this context, graphene and related two-dimensional (2D) materials (GRMs), including nonlayered 2D materials and 2D perovskites, as well as their hybrid systems, are emer...

The high‐power conversion efficiency of flexible perovskite photovoltaics (PPV) at low light environment and their low‐cost manufacturing processes, render PPV superior to conventional rigid photovoltaics targeting indoor applications. However, various parameters related to materials, architecture, processing, and indoor characterization need to be...

Developing effective electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction is of great significance for clean and renewable energy technologies, such as metal-air batteries and fuel cells. Defect engineering is the central focus of this field because the overall catalytic performance crucially depends on highly active defects. For the ORR, topological...

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have proved their potential for delivering high power conversion efficiencies (PCE) alongside low fabrication cost and high versatility. The stability and the PCE of PSCs can readily be improved by implementing engineering approaches that entail the incorporation of two-dimensional (2D) materials across the device's la...

Breakthrough discoveries in high-throughput formulation of abundant materials and advanced engineering approaches are both in utter need as prerequisites for developing novel large-scale energy conversion technologies required to address our...

The development of perovskite photovoltaics has matured to a point of industry-scale production; however, their operational long-term stability still remains the main obstacle impeding their commercialization. The utilization of solution processable graphene and related two-dimensional materials (GRMs), at different sections of perovskite solar cel...

Several types of electrode materials have been developed for high–performance supercapacitors. Most of the relevant studies have focused on the discovery of new atomic structures and paid limited attention to the effect of heterostructures in supercapacitor electrodes, which has long hindered the fundamental understanding of the use of hybrid mater...

Coordination polymer frameworks (CPFs) have broad applications due to their excellent features, including stable structure, intrinsic porosity, and others. However, preparation of thin‐film CPFs for energy storage and conversion remains a challenge because of poor compatibility between conductive substrates and CPFs and crucial conditions for thin‐...

The use of solution processes to fabricate perovskite solar cells (PSCs) represents a winning strategy to reduce capital expenditure, increase the throughput, and allow for process flexibility needed to adapt PVs to new applications. However, the typical fabrication process for PSC development to date is performed in an inert atmosphere (nitrogen),...

Nitrogen‐doped porous carbons have been extensively studied for electrocatalysis, including the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction. Most relevant studies have focused on nitrogen sites in porous carbons, however, the intrinsic topological defects of porous carbons have been usually ignored because of difficulties in controllable preparation, s...

Among various organic cathode materials, C═O group-enriched structures have attracted wide attention worldwide. However, small organic molecules have long suffered from dissolving in electrolytes during charge-discharge cycles. π-Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) become one solution to address this issue. However, the synthesis strategy for CM...

Correction for ‘Up-scalable emerging energy conversion technologies enabled by 2D materials: from miniature power harvesters towards grid-connected energy systems’ by Konstantinos Rogdakis et al. , Energy Environ. Sci. , 2021, DOI: 10.1039/d0ee04013d.

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have reshaped the thin-film photovoltaic technology owning to their exceptional high power conversion efficiency (PCE) in conjunction with their low-cost and facile production. PSCs are fabricated...

Although it has been recently demonstrated that the laser-assisted (LA) crystallization process leads to the formation of perovskite absorber films of superior photovoltaic performance compared to conventional thermal annealing (TA), the physical origin behind this important discovery is missing. In this study, CH$_3$NH$_3$PbI$_3$ perovskite thin f...

Although methylammonium lead iodide (CH$_3$NH$_3$PbI$_3$) perovskite has attracted enormous scientific attention over the last decade or so, important information on the charge extraction dynamics and recombination processes in perovskite devices is still missing. Herein we present a novel approach to evaluate the quality of CH$_3$NH$_3$PbI$_3$ lay...

Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have emerged as a frontrunner semiconductor technology for application in third generation photovoltaics while simultaneously making significant strides in other areas of optoelectronics. Photodetectors are one of the latest additions in an expanding list of applications of this fascinating family of materials. The e...

Azulene has a considerably larger dipole moment than its isomer naphthalene; it also has unique physicochemical properties, including different reactivities on five‐ and seven‐membered rings, a dark color, a narrow gap between the highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital, and stimulus response. Although azulene was...

Herein, it is demonstrated that incorporating ultrathin p‐type cupric oxide (CuO) enhances the performance and stability of solution‐processed Cu2(Zn0.6Cd0.4)SnS4 (CZCTS)/CdS thin film solar cells. In sol–gel CZCTS/CdS thin film solar cells, nanoscale CuO films (4–32 nm) are deposited on top of molybdenum (Mo) by magnetron sputtering and this is us...

The formation of highly concentrated and stable graphene derivatives dispersions remains a challenge towards their exploitation in various applications, including flexible optoelectronics, photovoltaics, 3D-printing, and biomedicine. Here, we demonstrate our extensive investigation on the dispersibility of graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene o...

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are currently the leading thin-film photovoltaic technology owing to their high power conversion efficiency (PCE), as well as their low-cost and facile manufacturing process. Two-dimensional (2D) materials have been reported to improve both the PCE and the stability of the PSCs when incorporated across the device’s lay...

Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is a very stable material with tunable electronic properties dependent on its reduction level. Nevertheless, the incorporation of rGO into perovskite solar cells (PSCs) frequently demonstrates inconsistent results, and it plays an ambiguous role. Here, we systematically explore rGO as an additive in perovskite and 2,2′,...

Inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted much interest due to their improved operational stability in the past few years. However, despite the recent advances of their performance, they still suffer from low power conversion efficiencies with a reduced open-circuit voltage (Voc), as compared to PSCs with a regular structure, due to the...

Alternating current (AC) line filters have been widely used to smooth the leftover AC ripples on direct current voltage. Currently available commercial aluminum electrolytic capacitors (AECs) are primarily used for this application. However, the bulky volume and low capacitance of AECs have become incompatible with the rapidly developed intelligent...

A conjugated, ladder-type multi-fused ring 4,7-dithienbenzothiadiazole:thiophene derivative, named as compound ‘T’, was for the first time incorporated, within the PTB7:PC71BM photoactive layer for inverted ternary organic solar cells (TOSCs) realization. The effective energy level offset caused by compound T between the polymeric donor and fullere...

Hydrogen (H2) is a well-known reduction gas and for safety reasons is very important to be detected. The most common systems employed along its detection are metal oxide-based elements. However, the latter demand complex and expensive manufacturing techniques, while they also need high temperatures orUVlight to operate effectively. In this work, we...

A novel solution-processed, graphene-based material was synthesized by treating graphene oxide (GO) with 2,5,7-trinitro-9-oxo-fluorenone-4-carboxylic acid (TNF-COOH) moieties, via simple synthetic routes. The yielded molecule N-[(carbamoyl-GO)ethyl]-N’-[(carbamoyl)-(2,5,7-trinitro-9-oxo-fluorene)] (GO-TNF) was thoroughly characterized and it was sh...