Emmanuel De Luycker

Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tarbes | INP ENIT · Laboratoire Génie de Production

The creation and ultrastructure of kink-bands in flax fibres are key issues for developing more and more performing biobased composite materials. Nevertheless, despite many hypotheses and structural characterisation, the exact origin of kink-bands and the moment they appear remain unexplained. Here, by using cutting-edge techniques such as microtom...

The tow sliding defect cause of the apparition of gaps in the reinforcement during woven reinforcement preforming is due to tows failing to accommodate the shape and sliding instead of holding together. The main reason for the defect formation can be attributed to increased pressure or tensions in some tows. Several parameters such as the reinforce...

The creation and ultrastructure of kink-bands in flax fibres are key issues for developing more and more performing biobased composite materials. Nevertheless, despite many hypotheses and structural characterization, the exact origin of kink-bands and the moment they appear remain unexplained. Here, by using cutting-edge techniques such as microtom...

Hemp is a sustainable source of natural fibres that can contribute to meet the increasing demand for technical applications in the textile and the composite sectors. Continuous reinforcements can be produced using the existing flax machinery, initially developed for textile purposes. To achieve competitive and economically viable fibre yields and a...

Increasing the production of high-performance natural fibres that minimise their impact on the environment is a challenge that flax (Linum usitatissinum L.) cannot address alone. In flax traditional production territories, hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) can be a complementary source of high added value fibres if their yield of long line fibres can be ma...

Retting of fibrous plants such as flax is an essential step in the extraction of fibre bundles and their transformation into textiles and reinforcement fabrics for use in garments and composites. Dew-retting is traditionally performed from Northwest France to the Netherlands, as the climate is highly favourable for this process. Hemp is a plant tha...

Resistance to impact thrust is one of the most important requirement along with many others for defining suitable applications of any composite materials. In this present work, the influence of composite architecture and composite interfacial bonding strength on the impact performance of flax reinforced PP composites have been investigated. In this...

The tow-sliding defect also referred to as gapping that appears during complex shaping of woven reinforcements is due to a loss of cohesion in the fabric. The cohesion of the fabric tends to keep the tows from sliding under tension. This cohesion depends on the frictional behavior of the tows mainly. Other factors such as the weave of the fabric, t...

Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) has been grown since the antiquity for tis ability to provide fibres for the confection of clothes. It has also been used for the production of technical fabrics such as sails for example. In the 20th century, and particularly in Europe, the vegetal fibres such as flax were progressively replaced by synthetic fibres fr...

In western Europe, hemp is mainly cultivated for the seeds and the fibre rich straws, randomly aligned following the harvesting with a combine harvester. The straws are mainly valorised for low added value products such as pulp for paper and for insulation. They are also valorised in low property short fibre composites. With the view to use hemp fi...

Fibres from hemp stems can be extracted through different mechanical processes following dew or water retting etc. Extraction processes generally have a significant impact on mechanical and morphological properties of the fibres. In this study, hemp fibres are extracted following three different ways. In the first route hemp fibres are extracted fr...

This work of a preliminary nature has for goal to investigate the potential of the linseed flax straw for industrial valorization in technical textiles. The impact of two extraction systems (“all fiber” extraction device and a scutching/hackling device) was investigated. In a first part of the paper, it was demonstrated that it is possible to extra...

We investigate the causes, kinematic and possible ways to prevent the tow-buckling defect during the complex shape-forming of a dry woven reinforcement. Macro-scale compression leads to wrinkles; we focus on a meso- scale phenomenon generated by a non-uniform axial compression of the tow due to in-plane bending. An experimental study is presented,...

In order to understand the causes and the formation process of the tow sliding defect, shape preforming tests were performed on a hemispherical punch. Variable orientation and blank holders’ pressure were investigated in order to assess the phenomena and a cohesion pull-out test was proposed to investigate the cohesion of the reinforcement which wa...

This paper presents an experimental investigation of compression on pristine specimens and the compression after impact (CAI) response of wood-based sandwich structures. Nine different types of sandwiches, made with plywood core and different aluminum or composite (carbon or glass or flax fiber) skins, are studied. Impact energy levels were fixed a...

This paper presents an experimental investigation of compression on pristine specimens and the compression after impact (CAI) response of wood-based sandwich structures. Nine different types of sandwiches, made with plywood core and different aluminum or composite (carbon or glass or flax fiber) skins, are studied. Impact energy levels were fixed a...

The necessity of understanding the influence of cutting variables in orthogonal cutting of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) is vital because of their significant influences to the quality of manufactured parts. In this present research work the influences of different cutting depths to the cutting and thrust forces have been analyzed and a co...

Relations between autoclave consolidation process, microstructure and mechanical properties of thermoplastic composite laminates were investigated. For this purpose, two different carbon fibers/PPS semi-pregs were used for laminate manufacturing: a powdered fabric and a commingled fabric with stretch broken fibers. Laminates with [0°]6stacking sequ...

The impact behavior of innovative wood based sandwich structures with plywood core and skins made either of aluminum or of fiber reinforced polymer (carbon, glass or flax composite skins) was investigated numerically. The wood based sandwich structures were subjected to low-velocity/low-energy impacts. An explicit nonlinear numerical model based on...

Low carbon impact is a shared goal of all transportation industry. One way to match this expectation consists in the introduction of lightweight materials with high specific properties such as composites materials. A plywood based core material combined with metallic or composite skins appear as good candidates if we introduce safety considerations...

In this research work, the influence of the forming process on commingled thermoplastic composite parts mechanical behavior was investigated. The aim of this work is to evaluate the influence of fabric shearing on the mechanical response of composite laminate. Different sheets with a given shear angle are manufactured. Tensile experimental results...

Low carbon emission and sustainable development are shared goals throughout the transportation industry. One way to meet such expectations is to introduce lightweight materials based on renewable sources. Sandwich panels with plywood core and fiber reinforced composite skins appear to be good candidates. Additional properties of wood such as fire r...

The quasi-static behavior of innovative wood based sandwich structures with plywood core and skins made either of aluminum or of fiber reinforced polymer (carbon, glass or flax composite skins) was investigated. The wood based sandwich structures were subjected to three point static bending tests to determine their strength and failure mechanisms....

This paper focuses on the characterization of pure mode III delamination behavior of composite materials. The development for pure mode III delamination testing methods is reviewed. Two testing methods for mode III experiments were evaluated: a novel test proposed in our previous study, termed Edge Ring Crack Torsion (ERCT) test, and the widely use...

Void content of several carbon fiber/PPS laminates was investigated to assess the impact of porosity level on mechanical properties of thermoplastic materials. Specimens with a [0°/90°] 6 stacking sequence were produced by various autoclave and oven consolidation cycles in order to obtain a void content in the range of 2.0% to 6.0%. Mechanical prop...

Low carbon emission is a shared goal of all transportation industry. One way to match this expectation consist in the introduction of lightweight materials with high specific properties such as composites materials. Wood based materials combined with fiber reinforced composites appear to be good candidates if we introduce safety considerations and...

Low carbon impact is a shared goal of all transportation industry. One way to match this expectation consist in the introduction of lightweight materials with high specific properties such as composites materials. Wood based materials combined with fibre reinforced composites appear as good candidates if we introduce safety considerations and energ...

In this work, major testing methods for characterizing the pure mode III delamination behaviors of composites are discussed and two Edge-Crack-torsion tests have been realized. Moreover, a new fracture toughness test, the Edge-Ring-Crack-Torsion method (ERCT), has been developed. This is a torsion test on a composite plate containing an edge ring c...

Ce travail propose d'investiguer l'extension des méthodes XFEM [1][2] à l'approche Isogéo-métrique [3][4]. Après présentation du cas test utilisé et discussion des méthodes permettant d'imposer convenablement les conditions aux limites, nous présentons les conditions permettant une convergence optimale quel que soit le degré des fonctions NURBS uti...

Numerical analysis of interlock composite preforming allows to determine conditions for feasibility of the process and above all to know the position of fibres in the final composite part. For this forming simulation, specific hexahedral finite elements made of segment yarns are proposed. Position of each yarn segment within the element is taken in...

The extended finite element method (X-FEM) has proven to be an accurate, robust method for solving problems in fracture mechanics. X-FEM has typically been used with elements using linear basis functions, although some work has been performed using quadratics. In the current work, the X-FEM formulation is incorporated into isogeometric analysis to...

Many of the formulations of current research interest, including iosogeometric methods and the extended finite element method, use nontraditional basis functions. Some, such as subdivision surfaces, may not have convenient analytical representations. The concept of an element, if appropriate at all, no longer coincides with the traditional definiti...

This work is a contribution to the simulation of composite forming. The performing of interlock reinforcement is considered in the present paper. They are 3D textile reinforcements that avoid the delamination that can occur in the case of laminate composites. A 3D semi-discrete finite element that allows to model the deformation of an interlock per...

The preforming of interlock reinforcement is analysed in the present paper. Interlocks are 3D textile reinforcements that prevent the delamination that can occur in the case of laminate composites. A 3D semi-discrete finite element that allows to model the deformation of an interlock perform is described. Each three-dimensional element contains som...

The finite elements presented in this paper for textile fabric forming are composed of woven unit cells. The mechanical behaviour of these is analyzed by 3D computations at the mesoscale regarding biaxial tensions, in plane shear and bending properties. These elements are efficient because they are close to the physics of the woven cell while avoid...

The ply to ply interlock fabric preform enables to manufacture, by R.T.M. process, thick composite parts that are resistant to delamination and cracking. Numerical simulation of interlock reinforcement forming allows to determine conditions for feasibility of the process and above all to know the position of fibres in the final composite part. For...

De par leur ratio résistance/poids très avantageux, les matériaux composites trouvent de plus en plus d'applications notamment, dans le domaine aéronautique. Or la sensibilité des multicouches aux délaminages limite principalement leur usage à des parties non structurelles. Pour éviter ce problème et étendre le domaine d'application des matériaux c...

Textile composites made of woven fabrics have demonstrated excellent mechanical properties for the production of high specific-strength products. Research efforts in the woven fabric sheet forming are currently at a point where benchmarking will lead to major advances in understanding both the strengths and the limitations of existing experimental...

Interlock fabric preform enables to manufacture, by R.T.M. process, thick composite parts that are resistant to delamination and cracking. Numerical analysis of interlock composite preforming allows to determine conditions for feasibility of the process and above all to know the position of fibres in the final composite part. For this forming simul...

Woven-fabric reinforced composites have gained a significant attention from both industrial and academic fields, due to their high specific strength and stiffness as well as their supreme formability characteristics. In this work, the challenges in woven composites forming, from material variations, experimental material characterization methods to...

Interlock fabric preform enables to manufacture, by R.T.M. process, thick composite parts that are resistant to delamination and cracking. Numerical analysis of interlock composite preforming allows to determine conditions for feasibility of the process and above all to know the position of fibres in the final composite part. For this forming simul...

The use of composite materials is strongly increasing in aeronautics industry. Consequently there is a need for numerical analysis of these composite components. To perform accurately the service live analyses, it is necessary to know the direction and the density of the fibres at any point of the part. These directions are mainly depending of the...