Emma Villeneuve

• MEng, MSc, PhD
• Engineer at Cea Leti

Objective Cuff blood pressure monitoring is uncomfortable, limited for daily-routine and it provides sparse measurements in time. To enable continuous non-invasive monitoring, a new cuffless blood pressure (BP) meter based on photoplethysmography (PPG) is assessed in a first clinical trial. It aims at exploring the relationship between BP variation...

Objective Cardiovascular health has an impact on the arterial blood pulse wave features, such as shape and speed. Photoplethysmography (PPG) allows measuring the light absorption variation in the skin due to the blood pulse wave. This study aims at collecting good quality PPG signals for pulse wave sensing. First, the signal quality must be accurat...

Objective Cuff blood pressure monitoring is uncomfortable, limited for daily-routine and it provides sparse measurements in time. To enable continuous non-invasive monitoring, a new cuffless blood pressure (BP) meter based on photoplethysmography (PPG) is assessed in a first clinical trial. It aims at exploring the relationship between BP variation...

Sit-to-stand transitions are an important part of activities of daily living and play a key role in functional mobility in humans. The sit-to-stand movement is often affected in older adults due to frailty and in patients with motor impairments such as Parkinson’s disease leading to falls. Studying kinematics of sit-to-stand transitions can provide...

Sit-to-stand transitions are an important part of activities of daily living and play a key role in functional mobility in humans. The sit-to-stand movement is often affected in older adults due to frailty and in patients with motor impairments such as Parkinson's disease leading to falls. Studying kinematics of sit-to-stand transitions can provide...

Objective The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists has advised that consolidation of birth centres, where reasonable, into birth centres of at least 6000 admissions per year should allow constant consultant presence. Currently, only 17% of mothers attend such birth centres. The objective of this work was to examine the feasibility of c...

This study aims at developing an unannounced meal detection method for artificial pancreas, based on a recent extension of Isolation Forest. The proposed method makes use of features accounting for individual Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) profiles and benefits from a two-threshold decision rule detection. The advantage of using Extended Isola...

The daily challenge for people with type 1 diabetes is maintaining glycaemia in the "normal" range after meals, by injecting themselves the correct amount of insulin. Artificial pancreas systems were developed to adjust insulin delivery based on real-time monitoring of glycaemia and meal patient's report. Meal reporting is a heavy burden for patien...

Background and Aims Insulin aspart and lispro are common analogs with a guide peak time of 1 to 3 hours. In practice, insulin action speed varies depending on formulation and patient metabolism. In an artificial pancreas, the predicted glycaemia accuracy relies on the kinetic model of insulin subcutaneous diffusion. We aim to estimate the peak time...

Type 1 Diabetes is an autoimmune disease that eliminates endogenous insulin production. Without the crucial hormone insulin, which is necessary to equilibrate the blood glucose level, the patient must inject insulin subcutaneously. Treatment must be personalized (timing and size of insulin delivery) to achieve glycaemic equilibrium and avoid long-t...

Background: Guidelines in England recommend that hyperacute stroke units (HASUs) should have a minimum of 600 confirmed stroke admissions per year in order to sustain expert consultant-led services, and that travel time for patients should ideally be 30 min or less. Currently, 61% of stroke patients attend a unit with at least 600 admissions per ye...

Objective: Glycaemia regulation models are generally developed for adult patients. In particular, predictive low-glucose suspend systems are tailored for adults’ glycaemia kinetics. If the triggering parameters of these systems, such as glycaemia and time window are incorrect, then basal suspension may occur too late to prevent hypoglycemia. To ve...

Background There is an inherent tension in neonatal services between the efficiency and specialised care that comes with centralisation and the provision of local services with associated ease of access and community benefits. This study builds on previous work in South West England to address these issues at a national scale. Objectives (1) To de...

The aim of this paper is to investigate the amount of energy that is required to successfully transmit information inside the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) advertising packets. There are applications that require more than one BLE node to simultaneously transmit data. The BLE protocol utilizes a specific communication method termed advertising mode to...

Objectives The policy of centralising hyperacute stroke units (HASUs) in England aims to provide stroke care in units that are both large enough to sustain expertise (>600 admissions/year) and dispersed enough to rapidly deliver time-critical treatments (<30 min maximum travel time). Currently, just over half (56%) of patients with stroke access ca...

Technological advances in sensors and communications have enabled discrete integration into everyday objects, both in the home and about the person. Information gathered by monitoring physiological, behavioural, and social aspects of our lives, can be used to achieve a positive impact on quality of life, health, and well-being. Wearable sensors are...

This article tackles the problem of the estimation of simplified human limb kinematics for home health care. Angular kinematics are widely used for gait analysis, for rehabilitation and more generally for activity recognition. Residential monitoring requires particular sensor constraints to enable long-term user compliance. The proposed strategy is...

There is a growing interest in measuring human activities via worn inertial sensors, and situating two accelerometers on a body segment allows accessing rotational kinematic information, at a significantly lower energy cost when compared with gyroscopes. However, the placement of sensors has not been widely considered in the literature. In practice...

Hyperspectral imaging has been an area of active research in image processing and analysis for more than ten years, mainly for remote sensing applications. Astronomical ground-based hyperspectral imagers offer new challenges to the community, which differ from the previous ones in the nature of the observed objects, but also in the quality of the d...

Résumé Nous nous intéressons au problème de séparation de spectres d'étoiles à partir de données hyperspectrales d'un champ stellaire dense obtenues par le futur spectro-imageur MUSE. La structure du mélange est connue (liée à la réponse impulsionnelle de l'imageur) et l'objectif est d'estimer les paramètres de cette structure du mélange ainsi que...

Hyperspectral instruments can acquire images simultaneously at a large number of wavelengths. Processing and analysing such data is a challenge for the signal-image community. For ground-based observations, one cornerstone is the Point Spread Function (PSF) and particularly its spatial component (FSF). During this thesis, we tackled a hyperspectral...

The development of hyperspectral instruments requires new methods for data processing and analysis. We focus in this work on the estimation of the flux, position and width of spectral lines from astrophysical data, necessary to study the kinematics of galaxies. Classically used estimation methods, such as the methodof moments and the maximum likeli...

The Point Spread Function (PSF) is a characteristic of a data acquisition system. In the context of ground-based hyperspectral astronomical observations, it varies both with the observing conditions and as a function of the wavelength. Its knowledge being a prerequisite for many data processing and analysis tasks, it has to be estimated from the da...

The study focuses on modelling and estimating the Point Spread Function of the hyperspectral data acquisition chain, for a groundbased instrument. The main difficulties lie in the PSF variations w.r.t. observational conditions, wavelength and position in the field of view. Such modelling is essential for the analysis and processing of these hypersp...

MUSE is the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer, an AO-assisted integral field spectrograph for visible and near-IR wavelengths which is planned to be commissioned at the UT4 of the Very Large Telescope in 2012.1 We present the status on the modeling of the spatial PSF at the UT focus and its Field-of-View (FoV) and spectral variations. Modeling thes...