Emma Louise Reynish- MBBCh
- Chair at University of Stirling
Emma Louise Reynish
- MBBCh
- Chair at University of Stirling
About
95
Publications
34,517
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Introduction
Emma Louise Reynish currently works at the Faculty of Applied Social Science, University of Stirling. Emma does research in , Geriatrics and Epidemiology. Their current project is 'OPRAA'.
Current institution
Additional affiliations
September 2012 - March 2016
Publications
Publications (95)
Background
Cognitive impairment is common in older people admitted to hospital, but previous research has focused on single conditions.
Objective
This project sits in phase 0/1 of the Medical Research Council Framework for the Development and Evaluation of Complex Interventions. It aims to develop an understanding of current health-care outcomes....
Introduction:
People with dementia experience poor outcomes after hospital admission, with mortality being particularly high. There is no cure for dementia; antidementia medications have been shown to improve cognition and function, but their effect on mortality in real-world settings is little known. This study examines associations between treat...
Introduction:
We estimated the age-specific duration of the preclinical, prodromal, and dementia stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the influence of sex, setting, apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype, and cerebrospinal fluid tau on disease duration.
Methods:
We performed multistate modeling in a combined sample of 6 cohorts (n = 3268) with death...
Background
Cognitive spectrum disorders (CSDs) are common in hospitalised older adults and associated with adverse outcomes. Their association with the maintenance of independent living has not been established. The aim was to establish the role of CSDs on the likelihood of living at home 30 days after discharge or being newly admitted to a care ho...
Purpose
Cognitive impairment is common in older people admitted to hospital, but the outcomes are generally poorly understood, and previous research has shown inconsistent associations with mortality depending on the type of cognitive impairment examined and duration of follow-up. This study examines mortality in older people with any cognitive imp...
Background:
there is no established method to identify care-home residents in routine healthcare datasets. Methods matching patient's addresses to known care-home addresses have been proposed in the UK, but few have been formally evaluated.
Study design:
prospective diagnostic test accuracy study.
Methods:
four independent samples of 5,000 add...
The roles of the caregiver, the healthcare professional, and the healthcare system are critical in order to maximize the potential of this relationship and minimize the harm which results when this fails. In doing so, an understanding of the challenges associated with caring, its knock-on effect on caregivers’ well-being, and situations that cause...
Dementia and delirium are common in medical and surgical inpatients, and neuropsychiatric symptoms can be challenging to manage. Non-pharmacological interventions such as music therapy have been used to treat these symptoms in psychiatric hospitals and care homes but are not routinely used in general hospitals. We performed a systematic literature...
Dementia and delirium are common in medical and surgical inpatients. Neuropsychiatric symptoms can be challenging to manage. Non-pharmacological interventions such as music therapy have been used to manage symptoms in psychiatric hospitals and nursing homes but are not routine in general hospitals. We performed a systematic literature review to est...
Background:
Cognitive impairment of various kinds is common in older people admitted to hospital, but previous research has usually focused on single conditions in highly-selected groups and has rarely examined associations with outcomes. This study examined prevalence and outcomes of cognitive impairment in a large unselected cohort of people age...
Materials and methods: ICHOM convened an international, multi-disciplinary working group of patient representatives, psychiatrists, carer, social worker, specialist nurses, methodologists, psychologists, and registry experts to review existing data and practices. Using a modified Delphi method, the group developed a consensus Standard Set of outcom...
Background:
moving into long-term institutional care is a significant life event for any individual. Predictors of institutional care admission from community-dwellers and people with dementia have been described, but those from the acute hospital setting have not been systematically reviewed. Our aim was to establish predictive factors for discha...
Background:
In a research study, to give a comprehensive evaluation of the impact of interventions, the outcome measures should reflect the lived experience of the condition. In dementia studies, this necessitates the use of outcome measures which capture the range of disease effects, not limited to cognitive functioning. In particular, assessing...
Background
the care of older people with dementia is often complicated by physical comorbidity and polypharmacy, but the extent and patterns of these have not been well described. This paper reports analysis of these factors within a large, cross-sectional primary care data set.
Methods
data were extracted for 291,169 people aged 65 years or older...
Scotland is a small nation, yet it leads the field in key areas of aging research. With the creation of a devolved government with authority over health and social services, the country has witnessed practice and policy developments that offer distinctive opportunities for innovative research. With multidisciplinary groups of internationally recogn...
Background: The EWGSOP criteria proposed different methods and cutoff points for each of the three parameters included in the definition of sarcopenia (muscle mass, muscle strength, physical performance). This facilitates the implementation in the clinical practice, but limits comparability between studies and leads to wide differences in published...
Introduction Although worldwide and Scottish1data has clearly shown a persistent rise in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD), population-based trends in early-onset incident PIBD (i.e. diagnosed before their 10thbirthday; Paris A1a) are lacking. We aimed to evaluate the incidence of PIBD A1a between 1981–2013 using a complete national coho...
The promotion of musical activities and singing groups for people with dementia has been increasing (Clift et al. 2008) and there are many anecdotal reports, case studies and empirical research studies that suggest music affords a benefit for people with dementia (see for example, Bannan and Montgomery-Smith 2008; McCabe et al. 2013; and Spiro 2010...
Hospitalised older patients are complex. Comorbidity and polypharmacy complicate frailty. Significant numbers have dementia and/or cognitive impairment. Pain is highly prevalent. The evidence base for pain management in cognitively impaired individuals is sparse due to methodological issues. A wealth of expert opinion is recognised potentially prov...
Objectives To test whether deferred retirement is associated with delayed onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and, if so, to determine whether retirement age still predicts the age at onset of AD when two potential biases are considered. Methods The study sample was gathered from the Impact of Cholinergic Treatment Use/Data Sharing Alzheimer cohort...
Ginkgo biloba (Gb) is currently the most investigated and adopted herbal remedy for cognitive disorders and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Nevertheless, its efficacy in the prevention and treatment of dementia still remains controversial. Specifically, the added effects of Gb in subjects already receiving "conventional" anti-dementia treatments have bee...
Dementia is more common in older age but a number of people develop symptoms at a younger age and are said to have early onset dementia (EOD). Those with EOD face different challenges to those with onset later in life. It has been difficult to quantify this disease burden. This is a systematic review of papers reporting on the prevalence of EOD. A...
Introduction:
people with dementia are more likely to come into contact with a geriatrician than any other hospital specialty. Whilst it is known that there are some geriatricians with a special interest in dementia, it is unclear how this group of clinicians gained experience, and what their opinions are on current training.
Methods:
we obtaine...
Introduction
A major barrier for clinical trials in Alzheimer’s disease is the lack of sensitive clinical endpoints for the early stages. Until recently, regulatory agencies have required demonstration of improvement in two disease domains, cognition plus functional or global status, as the evidence of symptomatic improvement during clinical trial...
Regulatory risk communications are an important method for disseminating drug safety information, but their impact varies. Two significant UK risk communications about antipsychotic use in older people with dementia were issued in 2004 and 2009. These varied considerably in their content and dissemination, allowing examination of their differential...
Background
The purpose of this correspondence article is to report opinion amongst experts in the delirium field as to why, despite on-going training for all health professionals, delirium continues to be under recognised. Consensus was obtained by means of two conference workshops and an online survey of members of the European Delirium Associatio...
The clinical progression of Alzheimer disease (AD) was studied in European subjects under treatment with AChE inhibitors (AChE-I) in relation to geographical location over a 2-years period. One thousand three hundred and six subjects from 11 European countries were clustered into 3 regions (North, South, West) and investigated with biannual follow-...
An accurate indication of the changing incidence of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD) within a population is useful in understanding concurrent etiological factors. We aimed to compare the current incidence and other demographic attributes of PIBD in the Scottish population to previous data.
A national cohort of prospectively and retrospe...
To determine the availability and the consistency of prevalence findings of epidemiological studies on cognitive impairment and dementia conducted in Eastern and Middle Europe.
We adopted a stepwise multimethod study approach consisting of iterative literature searches for epidemiological articles published between 1990 and 2006 and subsequent data...
OBJECTIVES:
This study aimed to estimate the costs of formal and informal care of patients with Alzheimer's disease, to compare care costs across European countries and identify potential differences in cost patterns between countries and regions.
SETTING:
The ICTUS study is a prospective, naturalistic observational study conducted in specialised m...
This study aimed to estimate the costs of formal and informal care of patients with Alzheimer's disease, to compare care costs across European countries and identify potential differences in cost patterns between countries and regions.
The ICTUS study is a prospective, naturalistic observational study conducted in specialised memory clinics in 12 E...
Introduction The incidence of early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is high in Europe and North America with numbers rising in recent decades. An accurate indication of the current incidence and temporal trends experienced by a whole population is useful in understanding possible aetiological factors and is essential for the planning of futu...
Introduction The incidence of early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is high in Europe and North America with numbers rising in recent decades. An accurate indication of the current incidence and temporal trends experienced by a whole population is useful in understanding possible aetiological factors and is essential for the planning of futu...
This study set out to describe the variations within Europe for Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with regards to clinical and socio-demographic features, co-morbidities, drug treatment, and psychosocial care. 1,379 mild to moderate AD subjects from the ICTUS study were clustered into four geographic regions according to WHO-classification of Europ...
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by a progressive deterioration of various cognitive and behavioral abilities, and it also has a health impact on the patients' caregiver. Our aim was to determine the patient (and to a lesser extent the caregiver) characteristics that contribute most to the caregiver burden. We used the baseline data from t...
I, if allowed, can activate, demonstrate, educate, initiate, motivate, stimulate, & validate that some brain injuries, when seen beneficially after recovery as cognitive challenges, thus Handicap International has now changed name to Humanity & Inclusion, which ensures more can Believe Achieve Receive Success , over the bars of isolation of depress...
To study multi-center variability of medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) recruited in a European observational study of AD.
117 mild to moderate AD patients from 5 European centers (Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Brescia and Genova, Italy; Mannheim, Germany; Pamplona, Spain) had magnetic resonance imaging scans...
In North America, the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) has established a platform to track the brain changes of Alzheimer's disease. A pilot study has been carried out in Europe to test the feasibility of the adoption of the ADNI platform (pilot E-ADNI).
Seven academic sites of the European Alzheimer's Disease Consortium (EADC) en...
Given the poorer prognosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with rapid cognitive decline (RCD), there is a need for a clinical assessment tool to detect these patients.
To investigate if there is a Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) threshold of decline during 6 months of follow-up which predicts a worse disease progression at the 2-year foll...
Background/Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the consistency of neuropsychiatric subsyndromes of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory across several clinical and demographic subgroups (e.g. dementia subtypes, dementia severity, medication use, age and gender) in a large sample of outpatients with dementia. Methods: Cross-sectional data of 2,80...
The aim of this study was to determine the consistency of neuropsychiatric subsyndromes of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory across several clinical and demographic subgroups (e.g. dementia subtypes, dementia severity, medication use, age and gender) in a large sample of outpatients with dementia.
Cross-sectional data of 2,808 patients with dementia f...
The objective of this study is to identify, in a sample of very mild Alzheimer disease (AD) patients, factors associated with disease progression. The authors followed 160 AD patients from a multicenter cohort with a Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) of 0.5, corresponding to very mild AD but with impairment insufficient to be classified as dementia. P...
Background/Aims: The aim of this study was to identify neuropsychiatric subsyndromes of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory in a large sample of outpatients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods: Cross-sectional data of 2,354 patients with AD from 12 centres from the European Alzheimer’s Disease Consortium were collected. Principal component analysis w...
A comprehensive and useful initiative has been performed by our Canadian colleagues. The subjects presented are under active discussion in many countries, with the goal of direct applications in daily clinical practice. The review provided by this special issue of the Journal will therefore be very useful for all. In this commentary we will not dis...
Alzheimer disease is diagnosed in only half of the patients with this disease in France. In its typical form, it is characterized at the onset by short-term memory problems, repetitive and unusual oversights and forgetfulness, and difficulties in learning new information. Dementia is responsible for more than 50% of the need for care in the elderly...
La maladie d'Alzheimer n'est diagnostiquée en France que chez 50 % des patients atteints.
Dans sa forme typique, elle est caractérisée au début par des troubles de la mémoire des faits récents, les oublis répétés inhabituels et des difficultés d'apprentissage d'informations nouvelles.
Les démences sont responsables de plus de 50 % de la dépendance...
To investigate the effectiveness of an exercise program in improving ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs), physical performance, and nutritional status and decreasing behavioral disturbance and depression in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Randomized, controlled trial.
Five nursing homes.
One hundred thirty-four ambulatory p...
The aim of this study was to identify neuropsychiatric subsyndromes of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory in a large sample of outpatients with Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Cross-sectional data of 2,354 patients with AD from 12 centres from the European Alzheimer's Disease Consortium were collected. Principal component analysis was used for factor analysi...
The long-term objective of the ICTUS study is to identify milestones in Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression and to develop a model to predict disease course in individual AD patients in Europe. The secondary objectives are to describe the patterns of prescribing, and the socioeconomic impact of AD in Europe. Between 2003 and 2005 1,380 patients wi...
Alzheimer's disease is fast becoming a major public health concern with serious economic consequences. The cholinesterase inhibitors (CEIs) offer some benefit in the symptomatic treatment of the disease. This study aims to investigate the effect of CEIs on three clinically relevant domains (rapid cognitive decline, institutionalization, and weight...
To ensure that all Alzheimer centres across Europe are capable of using a similar method of data collection. Information about the patient assessment tools used by each participating centre was obtained and normal clinical practice in each EADC centre was documented by collecting data from routine new patient consultation.
Twenty new consecutive pa...
The incidence of Crohn's disease in Scottish children has increased steadily over 30 years. Many studies have investigated genetic influence or possible links with childhood events. We aimed to study sociodemographic and/or geographic distribution of juvenile=onset Crohn's disease in Scotland.
Using a previously established and validated database c...
By some estimates moderate-to-severe Alzheimer’s disease accounts for 50% of all patients with Alzheimer’s disease.
However, there are numerous issues that remain to be resolved in the management of patients with more advanced Alzheimer’s disease. The first prospective, randomised, controlled trial of the cholinesterase inhibitor donepezil in more...
A reliable global rating of dementia severity in Alzheimer's disease is critical both in clinical and research practice. In this paper, we present the results of the assessment of a cohort of 358 patients using the French version of the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR).
358 patients from a multicentric cohort were assessed in a comprehensive wa...
Purpose.A reliable global rating of dementia severity in Alzheimer's disease is critical both in clinical and research practice. In thispaper, we present the results of the assessment of a cohort of 358 patients using the French version of the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR).
Peripheral C4A treatment (cerebral and peripheral vasotherapeutics) and especially Ginkgo biloba extracts are prescribed for a number of symptoms, particularly memory impairment, in elderly patients. It is postulated that because of its pharmacological actions, this treatment could prevent the decline of cognitive function, but no studies have been...
To test the hypothesis that low fat-free soft tissue mass and cognitive impairment are independently associated.
Cross-sectional study.
Five geographic areas of France.
Seven thousand one hundred five community-dwelling women aged 75 and older recruited from electoral rolls between 1992 and 1994.
Fat-free soft tissue mass, body fat mass, and bone m...
To evaluate the frequency of and determine predictive factors for acute hospitalization in a prospective study of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD).
A one year prospective study.
134 patients recruited from the memory clinic in Toulouse University Hospital, with AD diagnosed using the NINCDS-ADRDA criteria.
A comprehensive geriatric and neurop...
A previous study reported a three-fold rise in the incidence of juvenile-onset Crohn's disease in Scottish children and a marginal fall in ulcerative colitis between 1968 and 1983. The present study aimed to document the incidence of juvenile-onset inflammatory bowel disease between 1981 and 1995 and examine temporal trends between 1968 and 1995 in...
Weight loss is a common problem in patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD). It is a predictive factor of mortality and it decreases patients' and caregivers' quality of life.
To determine if a nutritional education program can prevent weight loss in AD patients.
151 AD patients and their caregivers were enrolled to follow the intervention and 74 AD...
Specimens of macroscopically inflamed and normal intestine along with mesenteric lymph nodes were obtained at resection from patients with Crohn's disease. The samples were systematically examined by RT-PCR-nested PCR targeting N, M and H gene regions of the measles virus genome. None of the samples examined gave any evidence of the persistence of...
A highly sensitive measles-specific RT-PCR-nested PCR system was established, which consistently amplified measles virus genome sequence from control samples containing as little as 5.5 x 10(-3) pfu per reaction. This method failed to detect the presence of measles virus in 93 colonoscopic biopsies and 31 peripheral blood lymphocyte preparations, e...
A highly sensitive measles-specific RT-PCR-nested PCR system was established, which consistently amplified measles virus genome sequence from control samples containing as little as 5.5 x 10(-3) pfu per reaction. This method failed to detect the presence of measles virus in 93 colonoscopic biopsies and 31 peripheral blood lymphocyte preparations, e...
** * * individuals (70·7 [4·8] years). Health was defined as an absence of major medical or surgical illness in the previous 5 years, no hospital admissions, no current medication, and a subjective perception of good health. We also studied 49 patients attending general medical clinics (75·7 [8·3] years) with a variety of chronic illnesses includin...
The gastrin precursor progastrin produces multiple alternative active products, but the pathways of posttranslational processing in human antral mucosa have not yet been studied directly. The aim of this study was to investigate the biosynthetic relationships and release kinetics of newly synthesized progastrin-derived peptides in the antrum of pat...
Questions
Questions (2)
As part of an ongoing project with ICHOM to develop a global set of outcomes for people with dementia we are interested in hearing about disease specific registries and the outcomes that are used by these projects.
The positive effect that music can have on people with dementia is reported time and again. Understanding the form that music should take and how it works is important when looking to maximise the benefit that music can bring to people with dementia in the future.
In order to develop a “conceptual framework” for the field of music and dementia. We are seeking the views, ideas and theories of all individuals (people with dementia, carers, musicians, therapists, academics, funders etc.) who have an interest in this area. We would be grateful if you could complete the following survey in order to share your own opinion. http://www.survey.bris.ac.uk/stirling/musicanddementia .
