Emilius A. Aalto- PhD
- Research Scientist at Stanford University
Emilius A. Aalto
- PhD
- Research Scientist at Stanford University
About
20
Publications
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Introduction
Current institution
Publications
Publications (20)
Coastal ecosystems and human communities are threatened worldwide by climate change, and shocks from social, market and political change. There is an urgent global need to promote resilient food production and livelihoods in the face of these shocks. Small-scale fisheries (SSF) in rural settings can be particularly vulnerable as they frequently lac...
Introduction
Atlantic bluefin tuna (ABT) are large, migratory pelagic predators of high economic importance. ABT are currently managed as two independent stocks assigned to discrete spawning areas (Gulf of Mexico, and Mediterranean); however, stock overlap outside spawning areas makes accurate assignment of catch to stock-of-origin difficult.
Meth...
Atlantic bluefin tuna (ABT) are large, wide-ranging pelagic predators, which typically migrate between foraging regions in the North Atlantic and two principal spawning regions, the Gulf of Mexico and the Mediterranean Sea. A new spawning area has been described in the Slope Sea (SS) region off New England; however, the relationship between ABT tha...
Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) are a large, highly migratory fish distributed throughout the North Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas currently managed as two discrete stocks: western and eastern. Both stocks forage in the North Atlantic, and a high degree of intermixing occurs, which combined with limited single-stock survey data makes it d...
Marine organisms are exposed to stressors associated with climate change throughout their life cycle, but a majority of studies focus on responses in single life stages, typically early ones. Here, we examined how negative impacts from stressors associated with climate change, ocean acidification, and pollution can act across multiple life stages t...
The first signs of sea star wasting disease (SSWD) epidemic occurred in just few months in 2013 along the entire North American Pacific coast. Disease dynamics did not manifest as the typical travelling wave of reaction-diffusion epidemiological model, suggesting that other environmental factors might have played some role. To help explore how exte...
For many species, reproductive failure may occur if abundance drops below critical Allee thresholds for successful breeding, in some cases impeding recovery. At the same time, extreme environmental events can cause catastrophic collapse in otherwise healthy populations. Understanding what natural processes and management strategies may allow for pe...
Acidification, deoxygenation, and warming are escalating changes in coastal waters throughout the world ocean, with potentially severe consequences for marine life and ocean-based economies. To examine the influence of these oceanographic changes on a key biological process, we measured the effects of current and expected future conditions in the C...
Fisheries typically truncate target species' size distributions through an increase in mortality, especially if harvest is size-selective. Such truncation can push a harvested species' size distribution into classes most vulnerable to gape-limited predation, such that predator-prey dynamics might affect the rate of recovery from fishing. Understand...
The European eel Anguilla anguilla is thought to be in a multi-decadal decline across its range. Although its northern Atlantic sub-populations are well-studied,
little is known about the historical trend and current status of eel stock in the Mediterranean Sea. To fill this gap, we
gathered catch data for 86 lagoon fisheries in nine countries acro...
Many fishery production models implicitly incorporate a single time lag for both recruitment and mortality despite the fact that in populations of breeding adults, deaths occur yearly while the entry of new adults comes from juveniles born potentially many years prior to adulthood. Models that do not account for this difference in timing will overe...
Background/Question/Methods
The European eel (Anguilla anguilla L., 1758) is facing a dramatic decline in most of its distributional range and the species is now considered critically endangered according to the IUCN Red list. In 2007 the European Commission issued a Regulation (EU 1100/2007) for eel recovery and the sustainable use of eel stocks...
Background/Question/Methods
Empirical observations and theoretical predictions show that fisheries can truncate target species size distribution by selectively removing larger individuals. It is less clear, however, how quickly populations revert to pre-harvest distributions after implementation of no-take policies by fisheries managers. In parti...
If a species is bycatch in a fishery targeted at its competitor or predator, it experiences both direct anthropogenic mortality and indirect positive effects through species interactions. If the species involved interact strongly, the release from competition or predation can counteract or exceed the negative effects of bycatch. We used a set of tw...
Background/Question/Methods
Fishery harvest affects target species through mechanisms besides simple population loss. Heavy mortality can exert strong evolutionary pressure as well through its effect on species demographics. Size-specific harvest has been shown to produce rapid changes in growth rate and size at maturity in both models and observ...
Background/Question/Methods
Fisheries impact many more species than the target species alone, necessitating the use of multi-species management to account for non-target anthropogenic effects and ecological interactions. Harvest effort often decreases the abundance of non-target species through unintended effects such as habitat destruction and mo...
