Emile Haddad

Emile Haddad
MPB Communications · Space and Photonics

Ph.D. Eng.

About

150
Publications
38,909
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2,102
Citations

Publications

Publications (150)
Article
Full-text available
It is surprising to see the wide range and versatile potential of applications of the VO 2 , due to its transition from a semiconductor phase at low temperature, to a metallic state at high temperature. Although this transition’s atomic mechanism is not yet well understood, the tuneability is very reproducible experimentally and can be monitored by...
Article
Full-text available
We report on the hydrothermal synthesis of high quality polycrystalline zinc oxide nanorod arrays grown on indium tin oxide substrates. We observe a clear effect of the nucleation and growth rates on the morphology and orientation of the nanorod arrays, with a predominance of the polycrystalline hexagonal wurtzite structure and preferential c-axis...
Article
Full-text available
For over two decades the European Space Agency has investigated the possibility of using fiber optic sensors in spacecraft engineering as tools to advance the monitoring and control of spacecraft. The applications have been diverse covering both launcher and satellite applications and encompassing environments from cryogenic to high temperature re-...
Article
Full-text available
Investigation on self-healing properties of epoxy containing microcapsules of pure 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene (5E2N) and mixed multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) suspension is presented in this work using lap shear and mode I fracture tests. While both systems show significant self-healing functionalities between 39% and 97%, those repaired with M...
Book
A fibre Bragg grating (FBG) is a type of distributed Bragg reflector constructed in a short segment of optical fibre that reflects particular wavelengths of light and transmits all the others. As such, FBGs can be used as inline optical filters to block certain wavelengths, or as wavelength-specific reflectors. Applications include optical fibre co...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Proba-2 is a small LEO satellite launched by ESA in November 2009, to demonstrate innovative technologies in space. The Fiber Sensor Demonstrator (FSD) on Probaa-2, is the first and a unique demonstration of a full fiber-optic sensor network in the space environment on a satellite. MPB Communications (MPBC) has developed the FSD as a lightweight (<...
Article
Full-text available
We report the successful microencapsulation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes suspended in a 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene (5E2N) self-healing monomer, into poly melamine urea formaldehyde shells through in situ polymerization. The average size of the microcapsules, their size-distribution, shell wall structural integrity and thickness are characterized...
Book
Self-healing materials are an emerging class of smart materials that are capable of repairing themselves from damage, either spontaneously or under a stimulus such as light, heat, or the application of a solvent. Intended for an audience of researchers in academia and industry, this book addresses a wide range of self-healing materials and processe...
Conference Paper
Currently many international space primes (Airbus, Thales-Alenia, SpaceX, OneWeb, Telesat au Canada) are building constellations with hundreds of satellites each, to be launched in near future. Optical telecom is an important part of these satellites since it will permit a fast transfer of images and data between two satellites or to the Ground sta...
Book
Full-text available
this book offers an introductory approach and tries to avoid overloading the readers with in-depth presentations that are not essential for the readers who are not experts in microphotonics. On the other hand, a bigger picture of the entire field, including industrial trends and some aspects of commercialization, has been included.
Article
The stability of the Bragg peak strength during isothermal regeneration of Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) depends on their UV photosensitivity. In low Ge-doped fused silica fibers, lower photosensitivity results in improved thermal stability over time, due to enhanced densification effects occurring during UV-exposure. The contributions of UV-inscript...
Article
Self-healing polymer composites based on ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) incorporating second generation Hoveyda-Grubbs’ (HG2) catalyst as the polymerization initiator and 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene (5E2N) as the healing monomer are promising for self-healing applications, particularly at low temperatures that may persist in the intern...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Proba-2 is a small LEO satellite launched by ESA in November 2009, to demonstrate innovative technologies in space. The Fiber Sensor Demonstrator (FSD) on Proba-2, is the first and a unique demonstration of a full fiber-optic sensor network in the space environment on a satellite. MPB Communications (MPBC) has developed the FSD as a lightweight (<1...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
The project proposes a preliminary solution to protect the Composite Overwrapped Pressure Vessels (COPV) walls from the space debris and a way to monitor the debris impact using Optical Fiber Sensors. The efficiency of self-healing of COPV is compared for protective walls composed of a combination of various layers, using strong materials such as K...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Optical amplifiers have many applications in space, such as transmitters, receivers, for satellite telecom, lidars and remote sensing. They are compact, lightweight , and offer high speed data transfer and high wall-plug power conversion efficiency. Their importance is increasing with their potential use in the new large constellation projects prop...
Conference Paper
The Fiber Sensor Demonstrator (FSD), for ESA's Proba-2 satellite is the first demonstration of a full fiber-optic sensor network in the space environment on a satellite. MPB Communications (MPBC) has developed the FSD as a lightweight (<1.3 kg) fiber-optic sensing system. It was launched on Proba-2 in November 2009 and is still completely functiona...
Conference Paper
Atmospheric reentry transition is produced at hypersonic velocity and is accompanied by a sharp excessive heat load for a few minutes, on the exposed materials, leading to a temperature increase of more than 1000°C. MPBC developed optical fiber sensors for such temperatures with special packaging optimizing between protective capability and fast th...
Conference Paper
We report a systematic study of Raman microstructural change within H2-free and H2-loaded telecom fibers between ambient and 1000oC and, highlight the temperature dependent Raman bands that are responsible for indoor core-cladding structural change.
Article
The Canadian Space Agency (CSA), through its Analogue Missions program, supported a microrover-based analogue mission designed to simulate a Mars rover mission geared toward identifying and characterizing methane emissions on Mars. The analogue mission included two, progressively more complex, deployments in open-pit asbestos mines where methane ca...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Email of corresponding author: arjundey@isac.gov.in Vanadium oxide films are often used in state-of-art opto-electronic, automobile, space etc. applications as optical switching, smart windows or shutter, smart radiator devices for its thermochromic behavior [1, 2]. Vanadium oxides e.g. VO 2 and V 2 O 5 will show a reversible phase transition at sp...
Patent
Full-text available
There is described a passive variable emittance device comprising: a substrate having a receiving surface adapted to reflect radiations having a given wavelength; an intermediary layer deposited on the receiving surface of the substrate and being substantially transparent to the radiations having the given wavelength; and a thermochromic layer depo...
Patent
Full-text available
A self-healing material comprises a matrix embedded with micro-pockets of a healing-agent releasable by a crack in the matrix. The healing-agent is able to bond to the matrix to repair the crack. The healing-agent is contained in microcapsules. A corresponding catalyst for the healing-agent is embedded in the matrix and contained in a plurality of...
Book
Full-text available
The book reviews the concept of the self-healing processes, starting with their occurrence in nature, for example in plants, human skin and so on, and leading to the most recent scientific discoveries and industrial applications. This review includes a description and explanation of a wide range of self-healing materials such as composites, polymer...
Article
Confocal photoluminescence (PL) microscopy is used to gain insight into the inner structure of Ge-doped Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs). These measurements pinpoint room temperature PL emission from oxygen-related defects in the visible range, whose spatial distribution exhibits a periodicity associated with the spatial modulation of the refractive ind...
Conference Paper
This paper considers the lunar dust mitigation requirements of the potential LORE Lunar Origins and Resource Explorer science payload as part of the robotic Lunar Soil Mechanics Investigation System (LSM) subsurface geophysics package on the Selene-2 lander. This includes cleaning the LORE bore- hole fiber-optic Probe between the analysis of differ...
Article
Self healing nanocomposites consisting of blend of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) materials and 5-Ethylidene-2-norbornene (5E2N) monomer were fabricated and organized into 3D structures beams by means of the micro-vascular network infiltration based on the UV assisted direct-write assembly technology. The kinetic of the 5E2N-Ring Opening Met...
Article
One of the major challenges facing the use of thermochromic coatings as efficient Smart Radiator Devices (SRDs) for a passive energy-efficient thermal control of spacecrafts is the limited high temperature emittance that can be achieved with present devices. Through an elegant choice of the thickness of an SiO2 layer being part of a VO2-based SRD m...
Article
Full-text available
This letter describes the fabrication and characterization of a fluidic patch antenna operating at the S-band frequency (4 GHz). The antenna prototype is composed of a nanocomposite material made by a liquid metal alloy (eutectic gallium indium) blended with single-wall carbon-nanotube (SWNTs). The nanocomposite is then enclosed in a polymeric subs...
Article
This work involves the study of the positive emittance-switching (i.e. emittance that increases with increasing the temperature) of thermochromic VO2 films deposited using reactive pulsed laser deposition (RPLD) on Al substrates. The temperature dependence of the emittance of a 260 nm-thick VO2 film on Al substrate revealed a maximum of the emittan...
Conference Paper
This letter describes the design and fabrication of fluidic patch antenna that incorporates a liquid metal alloy (EGaIn) and single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) nanocomposites and operates at 4 GHz frequency. Based on our simulations results, we have first used our recently developed UV-assisted direct-writing technology to design the patch antenn...
Article
This paper describes a VO2-based smart structure with an emittance that increases with the temperature. A large tunability of the spectral emittance, which can be as high as 0.90, was achieved. The transition of the total emittance with the temperature was fully reversible according to a hysteresis cycle, with a transition temperature of 66.5 °C. T...
Article
Full-text available
The presence in the space of micrometeoroids and orbital debris, particularly in the lower earth orbit, presents a continuous hazard to orbiting satellites, spacecrafts, and the international space station. Space debris includes all nonfunctional, man-made objects and fragments. As the population of debris continues to grow, the probability of coll...
Article
Full-text available
We report on the fabrication of self-healing nanocomposite materials, consisting of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) reinforced 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene (5E2N) healing agent—reacted with ruthenium Grubbs catalyst—by means of ultrasonication, followed by a three-roll mixing mill process. The kinetics of the 5E2N ring opening metathesis polymer...
Article
A self healing composite material consisting of 5-Ethylidene-2-Norbornene (5E2N) monomer reacted with Ruthenium Grubbs’ Catalyst (RGC) was prepared. First, the kinetics of the 5E2N ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) reaction RGC was studied as a function of temperature. We show that the polymerization reaction is still effective in a lar...
Conference Paper
The M3 mission simulated a rover mission to Mars to search for sources of methane. The 2011 campaign found that methane plumes from serpentinite are very localized and target selection based on imagery is preferred over direct methane detection.
Article
Full-text available
The development of self-healing materials is now being considered for real engineering applications. Over the past few decades, there has been a huge interest in materials that can self-heal, as this property can increase materials lifetime, reduce replacement costs, and improve product safety. Self-healing systems can be made from a variety of pol...
Article
Thermochromic VO2 thin films were deposited on various substrates, namely quartz, Si, and Al, using RF reactive magnetron sputtering deposition. IR thermometry measurements reveal that the emissivity properties of the system VO2/substrate strongly depend on the IR optical properties of the substrate. VO2 films deposited on a highly IR reflective su...
Conference Paper
The feasibility of extended exploration and human presence on the Moon and Mars depends critically on dealing with the environmental factors, especially the intrusive effects of dust. The prior Apollo landed missions found that the lunar dust exhibited high adherence to exposed surfaces and a restrictive friction-like action causing premature wear...
Conference Paper
MPB has developed advanced technologies based on smart radiator thin-film tiles (SRDs) employing Vanadium Dioxide (VO2) doped with two metals M and N (V2-x-y MxNyO2), for the passive dynamic thermal control of space structures and payloads. The SRD has successfully passed the major ground tests and validated its performance for extended use in the...
Article
Experimental results obtained on the Tokamak de Varennes during a series of reproducible ohmic discharges are presented. Profiles of basic plasma parameters are constructed and compared with theoretical predictions. In particular, the measured plasma resistivity agrees with the neoclassical scaling rather than with Spitzer resistivity. The study of...
Article
Full-text available
A new method for the determination of Sr-90 dissolved in surface waters has been developed. It is based on the precipitation of Sr with 8-hydroxyquinoline at pH 11.3 and counting of β particles with energy above 150 keV. The detection limit obtained is 0.5 mBq/L and the mean yield is 28%. The decontamination factors from other β emitters achieved a...
Article
Full-text available
Simulation results obtained with the axisymmetric Princeton Tokamak Simulation Code TSC are compared with experimental results for the time evolution of the Tokamak de Varennes plasma. The code correctly predicts experimental conditions; of special interest are the favourable comparisons of the simulation with experiments during fast current ramp-d...
Article
VUV spectroscopy and mass spectrometry measurements imply that the concentration of neon — an artificially introduced impurity in the Tokamak de Varennes — decreases in the central plasma early in the discharge. The missing atoms are found in the volume between the plasma and the vessel walls. The measured transport coefficients of neon are similar...
Article
The LORE Lunar Origins and Resource Explorer miniature payload is proposed for JAXA's Selene 2 landed lunar mission. LORE is designed to provide, for the first time, systematic exploration of the lunar surface and subsurface ice distribution, implanted H, dust, mineralogy and resources, using UV/VIS/MIR spectroscopy. Preliminary supporting laborato...
Article
Embedded Fiber sensors in space structures provide a unique opportunity to be implemented in the very early fabrication stages and then used continuously until the end of the space mission. Therefore, the parameters describing the structure can be recorded during its whole life cycle permitting better analysis of the evolution of the fatigue and mi...
Patent
The emittance value is a measure of an amount of energy expelled from a given surface area relative to a black-body reference. Depending on the specific coating a change in the emittance value is actively or passively effected. There are known active variable emittance thermal control coatings. However, such coatings are actually panels housing a m...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
MPB has developed advanced technologies based on smart radiator thin-film tiles (SRTs) employing V1-x-yMxNyOn, for the passive dynamic thermal control of space structures and payloads. The SRT has passed successfully the major ground tests and validated its performance for extended use in the harsh space environment, with a target of up to 15 years...
Conference Paper
The feasibility of extended exploration and human presence on the Moon and Mars depends critically on dealing with various environmental factors, and especially on the effects of dust. One of the most restricting facets of lunar surface exploration, as experienced by the prior Apollo landed missions, is the fine lunar dust, its high adherence, and...
Article
This paper describes the design and application of an innovative spectrometer in which a guided-wave integrated optical spectrometer (IOSPEC) has been coupled with a Fabry-Perot (FP) interferometer. This miniature spectrometer has a net mass under 3 kg, but is capable of broadband operation at spectral resolutions below 0.03 nm full width half maxi...