Elvynna Leong

Universiti Brunei Darussalam · Mathematics

The objective of this study is to examine the sociodemographic factors contributing to the readmission to a drug rehabilitation center among drug addicts in Brunei Darussalam.This retrospective study used de-identified data obtained from the Al-Islah Rehabilitation Center for the period 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2017. Univariate and multiple lo...

Background Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Given the recent increasing trends in colorectal cancer incidence globally, up-to-date information on the colorectal cancer burden could guide screening, early detection, and treatment strategies, and help effectively allocate resources. We examined the temporal pat...

Background: This study provides population-based study of cancer incidence, mortality and survival rates for women diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), and evaluate the prognostic factors of EOC patients survival in Brunei Darussalam. Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients diagnosed with EOC between 1st January 2007 and 31...

Importance: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019) provided systematic estimates of incidence, morbidity, and mortality to inform local and international efforts toward reducing cancer burden. Objective: To estimate cancer burden and trends globally for 204 countries and territories and by Sociodemographic...

Background In estimating the global burden of cancer, adolescents and young adults with cancer are often overlooked, despite being a distinct subgroup with unique epidemiology, clinical care needs, and societal impact. Comprehensive estimates of the global cancer burden in adolescents and young adults (aged 15–39 years) are lacking. To address this...

Background Ovarian cancer is the fifth most common cancer among females in Brunei Darussalam in 2017. This study aims to provide nationwide cancer statistics including cancer incidence, mortality, survival rates for women diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer, and evaluate the prognostic factors of epithelial ovarian cancer patients survival in...

Background : This study provides population-based study of cancer incidence, mortality and survival rates for women diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), and evaluate the prognostic factors of EOC patients survival in Brunei Darussalam. Methods : This is a retrospective study of patients diagnosed with EOC between 1 st January 2007 and 31...

Hypothesis testing is an essential tool among researchers and practitioners alike, with its use being being widely taught in many a programme at university level. However, past studies have shown that students hold misconceptions about important statistical concepts. This present study aims to reconfirm past efforts in this area, specifically in a...

Institutional mathematics education has long been traditional in its ways of being teacher-centric, a tradition which perhaps dates back to the Ancient Greece. Much like the society in those days, where there was a wary public feeling about the rigidness of the mathematical instruction in Pythagoras’ school, mathematics educators find themselves in...

Institutional mathematics education has long been traditional in its ways of being teacher-centric, a tradition which perhaps dates back to the Ancient Greece. Much like the society in those days, where there was a wary public feeling about the rigidness of the mathematical instruction in Pythagoras’ school, mathematics educators find themselves in...

Background Prevention, control, and treatment of respiratory tract cancers are important steps towards achieving target 3.4 of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)—a one-third reduction in premature mortality due to non-communicable diseases by 2030. We aimed to provide global, regional, and national estimates of the burden of tracheal, bron...

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. It is the second leading cause of cancer death in men and women in Brunei Darussalam in 2017, posing a major burden on society. Methods: This retrospective cohort study (n = 1035 patients diagnosed with CRC in Brunei Darussalam from 1st January 2002 until...

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. It is the second leading cause of cancer death in men and women in Brunei Darussalam in 2017, posing a major burden on society. METHODS This retrospective cohort study (n = 1,035 patients diagnosed with CRC in Brunei Darussalam from 1st January 2002 until 31s...

Background: This study aims to determine the survival rates for children and adolescents aged 0-19 years diagnosed with childhood cancer and to evaluate the associated factors for childhood cancer survival in Brunei Darussalam. Methods: The analysis was based on de-identified data of 263 childhood cancer for the period 2002 to 2017 retrieved fro...

Introduction: Colorectal cancers (CRC) continues to increase worldwide and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. CRC can be prevented through early detection using several modalities. However, like any screening program participation remains suboptimal. This study assessed the factors associated with participation in a stool base...

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in both men and women. In most Asian countries, both the incidence and mortality rates of CRC are gradually increasing. In Brunei Darussalam, CRC ranks first and second in lifetime risk among men and women respectively. This study aims to report the overall survival rates and asso...

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the third most prevalent cancer among women in Brunei Darussalam. This study aims to report the overall survival rates and associated factors of patients diagnosed with malignant cervical cancer in Brunei Darussalam. Methods: A retrospective study of patients diagnosed with cervical cancer from 2007 to 2017 in Brune...

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the third most prevalent cancer among women in Brunei Darussalam. This study aims to report the overall survival rates and associated factors of patients diagnosed with malignant cervical cancer in Brunei Darussalam. Methods: A retrospective study of patients diagnosed with cervical cancer from 2007 to 2017 in Brune...

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer and leading cause of cancer deaths among women worldwide. In Brunei Darussalam, breast cancer has the highest incidence rate among women. This study presents the survival rate of women diagnosed with breast cancer in Brunei Darussalam and explores the association between survival and demographic...

The purpose of this paper is to show that short-ranged dependence prevailed for Singapore-Malaysia exchange. Although, it is perceived that there is some evidence of long- ranged dependence [1,2], it is still unclear whether Singapore-Malaysia exchange indeed exhibits long-ranged dependence. For this paper, we focus on the currency rate for a sixte...

Abstract:This action research focused on the use of concrete models in the teaching and learning of factorisation by participants from Year 10 low ability classes in Brunei. The study attempts to assist students‟ difficulties in learning algebra, specifically on factorising quadratic expressions with all positive coefficients by using simplified al...

Geometry has always been regarded as one of the most important area in Mathematics. The van Hiele model is one of the renowned theories focusing on the teaching and learning of geometry. While GeoGebra is a free, open-source dynamic geometry software developed to assist the teaching and learning of Mathematics in general. This study investigated th...

It is widely known that students normally struggle in the mathematics topic of algebra. They tend to steer away from algebraic problems such as solving linear equation with one variable, let alone simultaneous equations, which require them to determine the values of two variables. This action research study investigates the effect of replacing the...

The purpose of this action research paper was to investigate the use of manipulatives in the teaching of addition and subtraction of integers. This research also looked at the impact of technology integration in the Mathematics classroom towards students’ academic performance, students’ motivation in learning integers, and students’ attitude toward...

As students progressed from primary to secondary school, they are exposed to the constant use of calculators in Mathematics. Due to this reason, some of them are becoming too comfortable and too dependent on calculator even for simple arithmetic. Hence, this study was conducted to promote mental computational skills amongst secondary students by us...

Students have been applied great pressure from global expectations and challenges of the 21st century. Brunei Darussalam, with its new education system (SPN21) aims to prepare the students in facing the challenges and globalized world. This study investigated the effects of flipped classroom on students’ academic performance. At the same time, this...

‘Middle censoring’ is a very general censoring scheme where the actual value of an observation in the data becomes unobservable if it falls inside a random interval (L, R) and includes both left and right censoring. In this paper, we consider discrete lifetime data that follow a geometric distribution that is subject to middle censoring. Two major...

Abstract: Middle censoring refers to data that becomes unobservable if it falls within a random interval (L,R). For some individuals the exact values are available while for others the corresponding intervals of censorship are observed. Left censoring, right censoring and double censoring are special cases of this middle censoring by suitable choi...