Elizaveta Sharaborova

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne | EPFL

Permafrost thawing in the Alps and elsewhere is leading to infrastructure failure. Implementation of protective measures is therefore necessary to avoid incidents and damage to both infrastructure and the environment. Existing methods for thermal stabilization of permafrost are not directly applicable to the particular conditions of the Alps. For i...

Increasing air temperatures are leading to thermosyphons being undercooled in winter and unable to prevent thaw in summer. Fossil fuel-powered refrigerators have to be used to maintain soil frozen in critical cases. We suggest dual use of solar panels as a sun shield and a power source alongside horizontal shallow ground probes rather than vertical...

Ice cellars are a traditional way of long-term storage of meat and fish near the places of their commercial production in the Arctic during warm season. Due to the degradation of permafrost, these structures are in a state of disrepair everywhere. Using the example of the Chukchi national village of Lorino, where traditional hunting of sea anima...

It is hard to overestimate the role of winter roads in the land logistics of the northern regions. In recent years, climate change has not only significantly reduced the service life of winter roads, but also made them less predictable. This forces transportation to increase in intensity, often at the expense of safety, or to stop that suddenly, le...

The capacity of electric air conditioning and heating systems is growing rapidly, as is the nameplate capacity of PV power plants. While the demand for cooling has a positive correlation with solar irradiance, the demand for heating has an opposite relation. In this study, different approaches to design (aggregation; thermal, battery, and implicit...

In this study, different approaches to design (aggregation; thermal, battery and implicit storage) and control (frequency conversion; variable and adaptive load) and their effects on the efficiency of an off-grid active thermal stabilisation system based on a solarpowered heat pump are analysed. The case considered is permafrost thermal stabilisati...

Agrivoltaics (Agri-PV, AV)-the joint use of land for the generation of agricultural products and energy-has recently been rapidly gaining popularity, as it can significantly increase income per unit of land area. In a broad sense, AV systems can include converters of solar energy, and also energy from any other local renewable source, including bio...

Agrivoltaics (Agri-PV, AV) – the joint use of land for the production of agricultural products and energy – has recently been rapidly gaining popularity, as it can significantly increase income per unit of land area. In a broad sense, AV systems can include converters of not only solar, but also energy from any other local renewable source, includi...

В данной статье описываются ключевые особенности системы гарантированной термостабилизации многолетнемерзлых грунтов с использованием возобновляемых источников энергии и теплового насоса. А также рассматриваются перспективы применения системы на объектах различного назначения и разнообразных конфигураций с возможностью генерации доходов. В результа...

Изобретение относится к области строительства, а именно к устройствам для термостабилизации посредством изменения условий теплообмена поверхности грунта и поверхностного льда с окружающим воздухом. Техническим результатом изобретения является предотвращение размораживания многолетнемерзлого грунта без внешнего энергоснабжения. Технический результат...

Although permafrost thermal stabilization systems have been used for a long time already, they have always had shortcomings and limitations of performance which have become even more pronounced in the warming climate. Those could be overcome to some extent, but at high cost mainly defined by need in energy supply. We have suggested a novel concept...

We suggested earlier a new sustainable method for permafrost thermal stabilization that combines passive screening of solar radiation and precipitation with active solar-powered cooling of the near-surface soil layer thus preventing heat penetration in depth. Feasibility of this method has been shown by calculations, but needed experimental proof....

We have suggested earlier a new sustainable method for permafrost thermal stabilization that combines passive screening of solar radiation and precipitation with active solar-powered cooling of the near-surface soil layer thus preventing heat penetration in depth. Feasibility of this method has been shown by calculations, but needed experimental pr...

При экранировании грунта от солнечной энергии и осадков при помощи солнечных батарей не только значительно уменьшается растепление летом и увеличивается глубина промерзания зимой (ввиду отсутствия снегонакопления), но и генерируется электроэнергия, которая может быть использована для активного охлаждения грунта в теплое время года, когда оно особен...

In this paper, we review practical limitations to laser space propulsion that have been discussed in the literature. These are as follows: (1) thermal coupling to the propelled payload, which might melt it; (2) a decrease in mechanical coupling with number of pulses, which has been observed in some cases; and (3) destruction of solar panels in debr...

In this paper, we review practical limitations to laser space propulsion that have been discussed in the literature. These are: (1) thermal coupling to the propelled payload which might melt it, (2) a decrease in mechanical coupling with number of pulses which has been observed in some cases and (3) destruction of solar panels in debris removal pro...

Although permafrost thermal stabilization systems have been used for a long time already, they have always had shortcomings and limitations of performance which has become even more pronounced in the warming climate. Those could be overcome to some extent, but at high cost mainly defined by need in energy supply. We have suggested a novel concept c...

We measured the impulse coupling coefficient Cm (target momentum per joule of the incident laser light) and ejecta velocity vE with glass-covered Si solar (photovoltaic) cells following the irradiation by repetitive 71 ps, 1064 nm laser pulses at fluence of order 10 J/cm2 in vacuum. We measured high Cm values up to 600 N/MW, but very low specific i...

Изобретение относится к области строительства, а именно к устройствам для термостабилизации посредством замораживания грунта с использованием холодильных машин. Cпособ термостабилизации многолетнемерзлых грунтов включает экранирование грунта от солнечной радиации и атмосферных осадков путем установки над поверхностью термостабилизируемого участка г...

Residual energy or thermal coupling coefficient shows what fraction of laser pulse energy is spent for target heating. High residual energy rates lead to low impact efficiency and sometimes to unwanted effects like phase transitions and chemical reactions. Experimental works on its measurement under nano- and femtosecond laser irradiation are not n...

This article is devoted to collisionless plasma particle motion in a coaxial railgun bore. Numerical modeling results showed that 2 types of motion can be realized in this system. Plasma particle parameters such as mass and charge were rationalized according to the types of motion and their roles in throwing body acceleration. The most effective pa...

As a possible solution for the prevention of global warming induced thawing of permafrost embankments, we have considered solar-powered heat-pump systems. This approach combines passive shielding of solar radiation and precipitation with active cooling in summer; it is compared to currently used methods of maintaining soil frozen. The main advantag...

In this work, we consider the concept of using a distributed solar power plant, setup on the right-of-way of the railroad. The proposed solution allows to shave peaks of electricity consumption without additional land alienation, using the existing power grids. The concept includes the setup of solar panels on the alienated land of the railroad. PV...