Elizabeth Ruder

Rochester Institute of Technology | RIT · College of Health Sciences and Technology

Given the long latency period of pancreatic cancer, exploring the influence of early and midlife exposures will further advance our understanding of the disease. We assessed associations between diet and pancreatic cancer incidence in the National Institutes of Health (NIH)-AARP (formerly American Association of Retired Persons) Diet and Health Stu...

Antioxidants play a vital role in reproductive health and fertility. The local cellular environment influences oocyte development, ovulation, successful fertilization, and maintenance of early pregnancy. An offset of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced cellular oxidative stress can adversely affect function of reproductive organs and fertility. R...

Proceedings: AACR 106th Annual Meeting 2015; April 18-22, 2015; Philadelphia, PA Background: To date, the data concerning diet and pancreatic cancer risk has focused on diet assessed during adulthood. Given the long latency period of this malignancy, examining diet during adolescence and midlife may shed light on the diet - pancreatic cancer assoc...

Background: Nutrition education research typically focuses on the program’s acceptance and usefulness with the target audience, but sustainable programs must be valued by the nutrition educator for its positive impact on their work. Everyone Needs Folic Acid is a colorful, simple nutrition education program delivered by digital photo frame platform...

Rates of colon cancer are much higher in African Americans (65:100,000) than in rural South Africans (<5:100,000). The higher rates are associated with higher animal protein and fat, and lower fibre consumption, higher colonic secondary bile acids, lower colonic short-chain fatty acid quantities and higher mucosal proliferative biomarkers of cancer...

Methods Twenty age and sex matched middle aged healthy African Americans were studied on their usual diet and then again after dietary modification to a low meat and fat, high fiber ‘traditional African’ diet, prepared and delivered individually in‐house under close supervision for 2 weeks. Phutu‐ corn meal, Samp‐ dried corn kernels, sugar beans, f...

Dietary iron intake and variation in iron homeostasis genes may affect colorectal neoplasia risk. We conducted two nested case-control studies within the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial: one of advanced colorectal adenoma (1205 cases; 1387 controls) and one of colorectal cancer (370 cases; 401 controls). Iron intake wa...

To determine whether increased antioxidant intake in women is associated with shorter time to pregnancy (TTP) among a cohort of couples being treated for unexplained infertility. Secondary data analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Academic medical center associated with a private infertility center. Females with unexplained infertility. None....

There is increasing evidence that nutrition and other lifestyle factors are important in the etiology of reproductive failure. Diet and its constituent antioxidants as well as oxidative stress in females may be influential in the timing and continuation of viable pregnancies. This chapter reviews oxidative stress with particular reference to follic...

To investigate the risk factors for squamous-cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva (SCCC) and other eye cancers in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. We estimated incidence rates and associations with age, sex, race/ethnicity and ultraviolet radiation using Cox proportional hazards models. The incidence was 37.3 per 10(6) for all eye cancers (N = 178)...

Meat mutagens, including heterocyclic amines (HCAs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and N-nitroso compounds (NOCs), may be involved in colorectal carcinogenesis depending on their activation or detoxification by phase I and II xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (XME). Using unconditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95...

Colorectal cancer has a natural history of several decades; therefore, the diet consumed decades before diagnosis may aid in understanding this malignancy. The objective was to investigate diet during adolescence and 10 y before baseline (ages 40-61 y) in relation to colorectal cancer. Participants in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study (n = 292,797...

Use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been inversely associated with colorectal cancer; however, the association within colorectal subsites or among higher risk individuals is understudied. We investigated NSAID use and colorectal adenocarcinoma by subsite, and among individuals with a family history of colon cancer in the Natio...

Birth characteristics and adult hormone concentrations influence breast cancer risk, but little is known about the influence of birth characteristics on hormone concentrations, particularly during adolescence. We evaluated the association of birth characteristics (birth weight, birth length, and gestational age) with serum sex hormone concentration...

Background: Adolescent diet is hypothesized to influence breast cancer risk, and we previously showed that an intervention to lower fat intake during adolescence was associated with lower serum estrogens and progesterone. We have now evaluated the long-term effects of this intervention on serum hormones, breast density and bone mineral density (BMD...

Proceedings: AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010‐‐ Apr 17‐21, 2010; Washington, DC The purpose of the present study is to explore the association of birth weight and concentrations of sex hormones (serum estrogens, progesterone, androgens and sex hormone blinding globulin (SHBG)) among girls participating in the Hormone Ancillary Study (HAS) of the Die...

Background and Aims: Prolonged nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use has been associated with lower colorectal cancer risk; however, little is known about the association of NSAID use within colorectal subsites or among individuals with a family history of colon cancer. This study assessed NSAID use and colorectal adenocarcinoma by subsit...

To examine whether birth weight, birth length, and gestational age are individually associated with age at menarche. Analyses were conducted using data from n = 278 female participants in the Dietary Intervention Study in Children (DISC). Age at menarche was prospectively collected as part of the original DISC investigation. DISC participants self-...

Adolescent diet is hypothesized to influence breast cancer risk. We evaluated the long-term effects of an intervention to lower fat intake among adolescent girls on biomarkers that are related to breast cancer risk in adults. A follow-up study was conducted on 230 girls who participated in the Dietary Intervention Study in Children (DISC), in which...

To review the role of oxidative stress in the context of female fertility. Oxidative stress is associated with decreased female fertility in animal and in-vitro models, but no studies to date have directly assessed the relationship in women. Exposures associated with oxidative stress and with evidence to influence the timing and maintenance of a vi...

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The perinatal period, childhood, and adolescence are important intervals for breast cancer risk development. Endogenous estrogen exposure is thought to be highest in utero, and exposure to estrogens throughout life plays an important role in increasing breast cancer risk. Some evidence suggests that breast tissue is not fully differentiated until a...

Reproductive failure is a significant public health concern. Although relatively little is known about factors affecting fertility and early pregnancy loss, a growing body of literature suggests that environmental and lifestyle factors play an important role. There is sufficient evidence to hypothesize that diet, particularly its constituent antiox...

The dietary recommendations made for carbohydrate intake by many organizations/agencies have changed over time. Early recommendations were based on the need to ensure dietary sufficiency and focused on meeting micronutrient intake requirements. Because carbohydrate-containing foods are a rich source of micronutrients, starches, grains, fruits, and...