Elizabeth M Hill

Elizabeth M Hill
University of Detroit Mercy | UDM · Department of Psychology

PhD

About

132
Publications
15,927
Reads
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6,234
Citations
Additional affiliations
July 1997 - present
University of Detroit Mercy
Position
  • Professor (Full)
July 1987 - July 1997
University of Michigan
Position
  • Researcher
July 1985 - July 1987

Publications

Publications (132)
Article
Full-text available
During the past several decades, women have increased their labor-force participation while remaining primarily responsible for the care of children. Men have not correspondingly increased their home activity, and women's earnings have not reached parity with men's. A primary reason that women have failed to gain equality in the labor market may be...
Article
Life-history theory, a major theory related to evolutionary biology and behavioral ecology, is applied to analyze patterns in alcohol abuse and dependence. The life-history approach examines how intensity of reproductive competition affects the benefits and costs of risk-taking, which are typically greater for young men than for women or older men....
Article
Full-text available
This study investigated the effects of physique and status ornamentation on the perceived attractiveness of males and females. Physique display was manipulated by altering clothing tightness and skin exposure. Status was manipulated with clothing changes designed to represent dress of different socioeconomic classes. College students provided ratin...
Article
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Models of risk-taking as used in the social sciences may be improved by including concepts from life history theory, particularly environmental unpredictability and life expectancy. Community college students completed self-report questionnaires measuring these constructs along with several well-known correlates. The frequency of risk-taking was hi...
Chapter
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2015 marked the record for drug overdoses in the United States as more than 33,000 individuals died from an overdose of heroin or synthetic opioids, with nearly half of these deaths attributed to prescription opioids. CDC estimates indicate that 60% of all drug overdose deaths invol...
Article
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This study utilized Multilevel Modeling Analyses to explore predictors of marital satisfaction and to explore how those predictors might moderate any negative impact of children. The Marriage and Relationship Questionnaire (MARQ), which demonstrates cultural and gender invariance, has been used to explore predictors of marital satisfaction in diffe...
Article
"Compassion fatigue in animal care workers": Correction. Hill, E. M., LaLonde, C. M., & Reese, L. A. (2021). "Compassion fatigue in animal care workers": Correction. Traumatology. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1037/trm0000369 Abstract Reports an error in "Compassion fatigue in animal care workers" by Elizabeth M. Hill, Cathleen M....
Article
This mixed methods study assessed the emotional impact of therapeutic art techniques in reducing subjective anxiety by comparing three options for drawing a self-portrait: literal self-portrait, mandala, and free drawing. Undergraduate college students (n = 60) were provided with a mood induction procedure and then randomly assigned to a drawing co...
Article
Full-text available
"Compassion fatigue in animal care workers": Correction. Hill, E. M., LaLonde, C. M., & Reese, L. A. (2021). "Compassion fatigue in animal care workers": Correction. Traumatology. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1037/trm0000369 Abstract Reports an error in "Compassion fatigue in animal care workers" by Elizabeth M. Hill, Cathleen M...
Article
Introduction: The examination of cognitive reserve (CR) literature reveals a lack of consensus regarding conceptualization and pervasive problems with its measurement. This study aimed at examining the conceptual nature of CR through the analysis of reflective and formative models using eight proxies commonly employed in the CR literature. We hypo...
Article
"Submitted on the eleventh day of November, 1982." Thesis (Ph. D.)--Tulane University, 1983. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 69-81).
Article
Formal volunteering within the context of an organization represents a substantial social and economic contribution to the United States. Volunteerism has been explained by various theories including: functional, behaviorist, exchange, social resources, role identity, sustained volunteerism, and the three-stage model. Because volunteerism spans all...
Article
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The effects of melatonin and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) on tonic immobility in chickens were examined at various dosages and after several different postinjection time periods. Both of these metabolic byproducts of serotonin produced increases in duration of immobility at 10 min postinjection, but melatonin was much more potent than 5-HIA...
Article
Full-text available
Traditional machismo in Mexican American culture has been considered detrimental to marital satisfaction (MS). Contrary to this notion, contemporary views of machismo suggest that mas- culinity in Mexican American couples is contextual and fluid along a continuum of positive and negative dimensions. In this study, the dyadic effects of positive and...
Article
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Collaborative interaction with Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) is an essential component of the research process. While the social scientific community clearly recognizes the ethical obligation to protect human research participants from harm, we are often uninformed about the specific procedures and operations of IRB committees. The ethical iss...
Article
Risk factors for addiction have received extensive empirical attention. Specific risk factors for women Religious (nuns), however, are not well known. This report examines risk factors for alcoholism in a retrospective study of 148 chemically dependent women Religious in treatment. Negative emotionality, a personality measure, was the only signific...
Article
High-conflict divorces appear to be different than other divorces due to the magnitude of ongoing hostile interactions and court involvement. This study assessed whether agreement, communication, and the beliefs that co-parents held regarding child welfare contributed toward conflict of divorced or separated co-parents. Results suggest that co-pare...
Article
The specific risk factors for addiction within religious community members remain poorly understood and undefined. This paper presents data on the characteristics of chemically dependent women Religious (nuns) in order to understand the etiology and treatment needs of this special group. This study contrasts a group of Roman Catholic women Religiou...
Article
Risk taking is predicted to vary with future discounting, as immediate rewards would be overvalued compared to those in the distant future. Degree of future discounting may be increased by unpredictability in the childhood environment. Here we assess relationships among risk taking, future discounting, the developmental environment, and biological...
Chapter
This chapter aims to fulfill two goals. The first is to show how behavioral-genetic methods can be used to test evolutionary-based hypotheses concerning human behavioral and physical development. The second is to show how evolutionary reasoning informs developmental behavioral genetics (DBG). Following an overview and comparison of these discipline...
Article
Research findings and clinical observations suggest that families with an alcoholic parent are more unpredictable. Alcoholic parents (n=25, 68% men, 68% Euro-American, M age=38.6 yr.) and community parents (n=27, 52% men, 70% Euro-American, M age=38.8 yr.) completed the self-report Family Unpredictability Scale of Ross and Hill. Alcoholic parents r...
Article
Treatment programs for substance-disordered adolescents increasingly use family and Twelve-Step orientations. Pathway Family Center adds to that model a long term stay (9 to 15 months), a day treatment setting, and the unique feature of temporarily placing the client with the family of another client who has progressed further in the program. This...
Article
To determine the feasibility of prehospital pain measurement among patients 13 years of age or older using a verbal and numeric rating scale and to assess the severity of pain in a prehospital patient population. Retrospective cross-sectional study of emergency medical services (EMS) run sheets after the adoption of a universal prehospital pain ass...
Article
We developed the Family Unpredictability Scale (FUS) to better understand the factors that underlie the presence and consequences of family dysfunction. Familial unpredictability is defined as a lack of consistency in family behaviors and regulatory systems. Family researchers and therapists generated and evaluated items, which were self-administer...
Article
Full-text available
Every summer, 10 million campers attend summer camp in the United States. In Michigan, each camp is required to have a camp health officer (CHO) on-site. To document the medical training, local emergency medical services and physician support, and off-camp medical facility use of CHOs. Anonymous institutional review board-approved mail survey of al...
Article
Objective. To determine the feasibility of prehospital pain measurement among patients 13 years of age or older using a verbal and numeric rating scale and to assess the severity of pain in a prehospital patient population. Methods. Retrospective cross-sectional study of emergency medical services (EMS) run sheets after the adoption of a universal...
Article
This paper focuses on patterns in the care of children and dependent elders, providing a new perspective to understand impairment in family caregiving. One concept from evolutionary theory, kin selection, has promise for providing a broad framework for understanding patterns of family caregiving. We present an application of the evolutionary model...
Article
Although alcohol is frequently present in injured patients, whether it exacerbates injury and whether tolerance to alcohol changes such a relationship is less clear. Most clinical studies do not consider other important predictors of injury, making interpretation of their findings problematic. To examine alcohol's role in injuries, taking into acco...
Article
Full-text available
Central serotonin dysfunction appears to be related to a subtype of alcoholism with antisocial impulsive features (type II; antisocial alcoholism). The serotonergic deficit may be associated with greater impulsivity, which in turn facilitates both alcohol dependence and antisocial behavior. The present study tested association of antisocial impulsi...
Article
To identify the frequency of current or lifetime history of alcohol and/or other drug (AOD) use among the full range (admitted and discharged) of injured bicyclists and pedestrians involved in motor vehicle crashes. In a prospective study of non-occupant motor vehicle crash (NOMVC) victims >or=18 years over a 29-month period, blood was obtained for...
Article
The Brain Trauma Foundation published "Guidelines for the Management of Severe Head Injury" in 1995. These evidence-based clinical guidelines (CGs) recommended against prophylactic hyperventilation and glucocorticoid use and advocated for aggressive blood pressure (BP) resuscitation, and the careful use of mannitol. To survey Michigan emergency phy...
Article
Despite the increasing recognition of the problem of domestic violence (DV), it has not been studied in surgical populations. Eligible patients underwent screening for a recent history of DV and alcohol abuse (AA). Other demographic, health, and injury-related data were also collected. Of 127 subjects entered into the study, 18% screened positive f...
Article
Background : Despite the increasing recognition of the problem of domestic violence (DV), it has not been studied in surgical populations. Methods : Eligible patients underwent screening for a recent history of DV and alcohol abuse (AA). Other demographic, health, and injury-related data were also collected. Results : Of 127 subjects entered into t...
Article
The objective of this study was to determine if alcohol potentiates the severity of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in motor vehicle crash (MVC) victims, controlling for crash severity characteristics. Prior studies evaluating effects of alcohol on TBI have not accounted for severity of crash. We evaluated severity of head injury by Marshall score [a...
Article
Full-text available
The present paper describes a conceptual model of possible antecedents, markers, and consequences of unpredictability schemas, and outlines empirical support for the model. Early experiences, especially those pertaining to one's family, are the basis for the development of an unpredictability schema. To date, an unpredictability schema has been mea...
Article
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This study examined the predictors of psychosocial outcomes (daily functioning and management of illness) for people with mood disorders. After controlling for demographic, severity of illness, and social support predictor variables, the study evaluated whether participation in self-help groups would predict improved psychosocial outcomes. Post-hos...
Article
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Within-family differences that mediate the relationship between family history for alcoholism and alcohol consumption were investigated. Twenty adult children of alcoholics (ACOAs) and 20 children of social drinking parents (non-ACOAs) were interviewed in 1991 (mean age 24.2 years). Participants described family functioning while growing up and ind...
Article
The relationship of early adversity to suicidality in later life has been noted in diverse populations. Here we report such a relationship for a sample of African American women who smoke crack cocaine. This article is a secondary analysis of data from women (mean age = 31 years; range, 19-48) who were recruited from treatment settings (n = 152) or...
Article
OBJECTIVE: The Brain Trauma Foundation published "Guidelines for the Management of Severe Head Injury" in 1996. These evidence based clinical guidelines (CGs) recommended against prophylactic hyperventilation and glucocorticoid use, and advocated for blood pressure (BP) resuscitation, and the careful use of mannitol in the event of elevated intracr...
Article
Large health care organizations may use administrative data to target primary care patients with depression for quality improvement (QI) activities. However, little is known about the patients who would be identified by these data or the types of QI activities they might need. We describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients identi...
Article
Gangestad & Simpson present an evolutionary functional analysis of mating strategies. This commentary interprets their argument using a central concept from life history theory, return from investment. Incorporating return from investment allows further specification of costs and benefits from short-term mating in women as well as men and in ecolog...
Article
BACKGROUND Large health care organizations may use administrative data to target primary care patients with depression for quality improvement (QI) activities. However, little is known about the patients who would be identified by these data or the types of QI activities they might need. We describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of pati...
Article
Using an intervention based on referent power, self-help sponsors sought to encourage attendance at self-help meetings. They encouraged patients with major depression or bipolar disorder to attend self-help meetings following their hospitalizations. The intervention successfully increased the attendance of the experimental group compared to those i...
Article
Given a certain severity of crash and of injury, it is unclear whether acute and/or chronic alcohol use leads to increased morbidity, mortality or a more complicated hospital course after motor vehicle collisions. 496 patients admitted to a trauma service were retrospectively evaluated to assess the effects of acute alcohol ingestion and chronic al...
Article
To determine whether the increased risk of dying in a rural vs nonrural motor vehicle crash (MVC) can be attributed to driver demographics, crash characteristics, or police-reported alcohol use. A retrospective cohort study was conducted, comparing all rural (116,242) and a 20% random sample of nonrural (104,197) Michigan drivers involved in an MVC...
Article
Emergency Medicine (EM) physicians frequently see patients with alcohol abuse or dependence (AA/AD). Brief interventions delivered in the Emergency Department (ED) have been advocated for these patients, however, little is known regarding EM physician willingness to support such interventions. We conducted a study to determine EM physicians' attitu...
Article
Full-text available
This study examines the relations between birth cohort, gender, and family history of alcohol problems on alcohol dependence, and on the endorsement of alcohol abuse/dependence symptoms related to antisocial behavior. Men (n = 1,365) and women (n = 625) were recruited from the community, hospitals, and other treatment sites and were given a structu...
Article
Objective: To determine whether the increased risk of dying in a rural vs nonrural motor vehicle crash (MVC) can be attributed to driver demographics, crash characteristics, or police-reported alcohol use. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted, comparing all rural (116,242) and a 20% random sample of nonrural (104,197) Michigan driver...
Article
Full-text available
Potential moderator and mediator roles of several measures of socioeconomic status (SES) were investigated for the relationship between a family history of alcoholism (FH) and alcohol dependence symptoms in adulthood. These analyses were performed with a sample of 931 men and 385 women participating in studies at the Alcohol Research Center, Univer...
Article
Full-text available
Previous research has demonstrated a greater-than-expected association between social phobia and alcohol use disorders. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that drinking alcohol reduces social phobic anxiety. Treatment-seeking individuals with social phobia (N = 40) were asked to give two impromptu speeches. Twenty subjects receive...
Article
The prevalence of smoking is markedly elevated in schizophrenia. Low smoking cessation rates and reports that some smokers with schizophrenia experience an acute increase in symptoms during attempts to quit smoking, suggest a self-medication model. Alternatively, smoking may modulate medication side effects. The effects of treated and untreated smo...
Article
Full-text available
Alcoholism is transmitted in families. The complexity and heterogeneity of this disorder has made it difficult to identify specific genetic correlates. One design with the potential to do so is the family-based association study, in which the frequencies of genetic polymorphisms are compared between affected and nonaffected members. Reduced central...
Article
Over the past several years, out-of-hospital EMS have come under increased scrutiny regarding the value of the range of EMS as currently provided. We used frequency data and expert opinion to rank-order EMS conditions for children and adults based on their potential value for the study of effectiveness of EMS care. Relief of discomfort was the outc...
Article
Full-text available
Alcoholism is transmitted in families. The complexity and heterogeneity of this disorder has made it difficult to identify specific genetic correlates. One design with the potential to do so is the family-based association study, in which the frequencies of genetic polymorphisms are compared between affected and nonaffected members. Reduced central...
Article
Background: In randomized controlled trials, patients with major depression who receive broad-based collaborative treatment by both primary care physicians (PCPs) and mental health providers (MHPs) have better outcomes than patients who receive usual care. However, little is known about the concurrent treatment of patients with depression in the c...
Article
Previous cross-section studies suggested that blood ethanol concentrations (BAC) increase with age. To establish this, and to account for putative gender differences, we studied four cohorts of nonalcoholic subjects. Fifty-seven subjects were studied: 14 men and 14 women in the young (21-40 years) and 14 men and 15 women in the old (> or = 60 years...
Article
Studies have used myriad measures of family history of alcoholism (FH) making it difficult to compare them directly. Commonly used FH measures partition samples into the well known positive (FH+) and negative (FH-) dichotomy, although quantitative measures of density potentially provide more information. A standard FH measure would facilitate betwe...
Article
The purpose of this exploratory study was to describe a group of African American women who smoke crack. Using aggregate data from 208 interviews with women crack smokers, we randomly selected 25 women's interview data to create the 25 life-lines. These life-lines were developed in a similar manner to the time-line analysis described by Fullilove a...
Article
The purpose of this exploratory study was to describe a group of African American women who smoke crack. Using aggregate data from 208 interviews with women crack smokers, we randomly selected 25 women’s interview data to create the 25 life-lines. These life-lines were developed in a similar manner to the time-line analysis described by Fullilove a...
Article
Earlier platelet and postmortem brain studies have found alterations in serotonin transporter function in ethanol-abusing human subjects. The present investigation tested the hypothesis that brain serotonin transporter function is altered in chronic users of ethanol and cocaine, which might be related to a common serotonin transporter promoter poly...
Article
Patients with severe chronic alcoholism have decreased rates of glucose metabolism in the medial frontal lobe and correlated abnormalities of neuropsychological functioning. The potential influence of family history of alcoholism has not been examined in these patients. In a retrospective study, we used neuropsychological tests and neuroimaging emp...
Article
Patients with severe chronic alcoholism have decreased rates of glucose metabolism in the medial frontal lobe and correlated abnormalities of neuropsychological functioning. The potential influence of family history of alcoholism has not been examined in these patients. In a retrospective study, we used neuropsychological tests and neuroimaging emp...
Article
Alcohol has long been associated with injury, but the relationship between other drugs and injury is less clear. Blood samples from 894 patients presenting to two Emergency Departments for treatment of motor vehicle injury sustained in passenger cars, station wagons, vans and pickup trucks, were tested for alcohol and other drugs. Results were rela...
Article
We compared nicotine dependence and withdrawal in male alcoholic and control ever-smokers, controlling for relevant demographic and clinical variables. Alcoholics were more likely to meet criteria for moderate or severe nicotine dependence and endorse more nicotine dependence symptoms. Symptoms reported more frequently by alcoholics included: (a) u...
Article
Nonemergency ambulance transports (NETs) represent a substantial proportion of all ambulance transports. Recently, the medical necessity of a substantial number of NETs has been questioned. The purpose of the study was threefold: 1) to formulate criteria for NET using a multidisciplinary panel; 2) to develop a structured implicit review instrument...
Article
Full-text available
The Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC-2.3) was studied in a sample of 265 adolescent inpatients to determine type and concurrent validity of depressive symptoms and depressive disorder diagnoses for different DISC-2.3 informants (parent, adolescent, both). The Children's Depression Rating Scale — Revised, Reynolds Adolescent Depressi...
Article
The popular literature has publicized the adjustment difficulties of adult children of an alcohol-dependent parent (ACOAs); however, empirical studies do not provide consistent support. We examined the impact of parental alcoholism, degree of childhood socio-economic stress and gender on three broad categories of adulthood functioning (psychopathol...
Article
1) To determine the prevalence of current alcohol abuse/alcohol dependence (AA/AD) among the full injury range of ED motor vehicle crash (MVC) patients; and 2) compare AA/AD and non-AA/AD patient characteristics. This was a prospective cohort study using a stratified random sample of MVC patients aged > or = 18 years presenting to a university hosp...
Article
The purpose of this study is to examine the circadian pattern of specific immunologic measures and to compare observed circadian rhythms of these measures with the well-established circadian rhythms of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hormones and sympathetic neurotransmitters. Blood samples were collected every 2 hours for a total of 24 hours f...
Article
Little is known about the lifetime course of alcohol problems, especially during late adulthood. Many individuals with a history of alcohol problems achieve remission of their symptoms through abstinence or controlled drinking. This study examined 135 older adults with a prior history of alcohol diagnoses who were symptom free for at least the past...
Article
The present study assessed the relationship between current alcohol symptoms and consumption levels in a heterogeneous sample of older adults. The sample consisted of 443 participants over age 55 who reported drinking within the past year, including social drinkers, alcoholics in treatment, and alcoholics not in treatment. Symptoms for the past yea...
Article
Hormones of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis are connected closely with immune measures. To investigate whether Cushing's syndrome (CS) is associated with immune dysregulation, we compared the percentage of specific lymphocyte subsets as well as natural cell activity (NKCA) in 48 patients with Cushing's syndrome and 48 age- and sex-mat...
Article
The objectives of this study were to a) replicate our prior finding of a decreased number (Bmax) of platelet alpha 2-adrenoreceptors in panic disorder, b) determine if binding is also decreased in asymptomatic first-degree relatives of panic patients (known to be at increased risk for developing panic), and c) evaluate the effect of treatment on th...
Article
To identify clinical profiles discriminating depressed adolescents on the basis of comorbid alcohol/substance use disorders and to determine whether or not profiles with high predictive power are gender-specific. One hundred three adolescent inpatients with major depression (65 girls, 38 boys) participated in a comprehensive diagnostic evaluation....
Article
Disulfiram is an aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor that is widely used as an adjunctive agent in the treatment of patients with severe chronic alcoholism. Recent positron emission tomography (PET) studies of local cerebral metabolic rates for glucose (ICMRglc) and benzodiazepine receptor binding in alcoholic patients have shown regional cerebral abn...
Article
This study explored the relationship of specific symptoms of borderline personality disorder to dimensions of severity of sexual abuse experiences in childhood. A group of 41 patients with borderline personality disorder who retrospectively reported a childhood history of sexual abuse on the Familial Experiences Interview were studied. Six items fr...
Article
Forty subjects with serious mental illness and alcoholism were interviewed about their experiences with Alcoholics Anonymous. All had attended one or more meetings of special AA groups for dually diagnosed members. Information was obtained about their illness, heir first meeting, how they used the groups, and ways in which they participated in meet...
Article
Full-text available
The main purpose of this study was to compare the specific sources of information about medication that persons with mood disorders report they use with the sources psychiatrists believe patients use, and to assess whether psychiatrists and patients have the same perception of the frequency with which patients ask psychiatrists about medications. B...
Article
Empirical studies provide substantial evidence that having a family history of alcoholism increases the risk of developing alcohol dependence; however, some of this effect may be caused by nonspecific childhood socioeconomic adversity common in families with an alcohol-dependent parent. In this study, we examine joint effects of family history and...
Article
Several evolutionary theorists have linked early rearing context to later reproductive strategy, hypothesizing that strategies differentiate during development as functional responses to ecological characteristics, by individuals or through parental manipulation. Attachment security has been proposed as a mediator. In this study, 40 young adults we...
Article
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The illicit use of anabolic steroids to enhance athletic performance and physical appearance can cause numerous psychiatric and other adverse effects. In order to prevent steroid use and its negative consequences, knowledge of risk factors is needed. We conducted an anonymous survey of 404 male weight lifters from community gymnasiums who completed...
Article
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The treatment outcome literature suggests that alcoholics with coexisting drug dependence have worse prognoses. We compared three groups of inpatients treated on the same hospital unit for disorders of alcohol only (n= 51), cocaine only (n= 27), or both disorders (dual group, n= 27). At follow-up, we contacted 105 (81%) of 129 patients at a mean of...
Article
Many studies have shown that alcohol consumption is associated with alteration in immune responses and increased incidence of infection in the host. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a potent soluble mediator of immunoregulation and inflammation, and plays a very important role in host's defenses against infection and tumor. We propose that one of the...
Article
Injury associated with alcohol use is a significant problem among adolescents; however, routine evaluation of alcohol use in this population is not conducted. The purpose of this study was to compare injured adolescents presenting to an emergency room with a positive serum alcohol concentration (SAC+) with those injured adolescents wlth a negative...
Article
Full-text available
We conducted a retrospective chart review of older (n = 48; mean age = 69) and younger (n = 36; mean age = 30) patients who were admitted to residential/inpatient treatment for alcohol withdrawal and dependence. Although the two age groups did not differ in terms of recent drinking history, the elderly group had significantly more withdrawal sympto...
Article
Commentary is provided on Perusses study showing correlations between social status and reproductive success in the number of children among French-Canadian men. Social status is correlated with frequency of sexual relations and not fertility. Perusses adaptation is viewed as more than a function of psychological mechanisms and cultural and reprodu...