Elizabeth F. Churchill

• Driector of User Experience at Google Inc.

Evaluating the success of applications from a summative perspective is essential to many industry researchers' roles, yet a thorough understanding of what to measure and how to bridge business frameworks remains elusive. New technologies and novel ways of interacting with applications have garnered domain-specific interest in evaluating these exper...

Technology is changing, which means the design processes supporting it must also change. Digital tools for user experience and interaction design are vital in enabling designers to create appropriate, enjoyable and functional human-computer experiences, and so will necessarily evolve alongside our technological development. This workshop aims to su...

Recent years have seen a growing number of calls for considering gender in the design or evaluation of software, websites, or other digital technology. Calls like these have arisen from an emerging awareness in HCI of findings from the social sciences that are relevant to the way people use and design technology. However, emerging work on bringing...

South Asia has one of the world's largest populations—India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh alone are home to more than 20% of all people. The region is also one of the fastest-growing technology markets as a result of its increased infrastructure and growing affordability. Despite this progress, South Asia faces one of the largest online gender disparit...

Interaction design is increasingly about embedding interactive technologies in our built environment; architecture is increasingly about the use of interactive technologies to reimagine and dynamically repurpose our built environment. This forum focuses on this intersection of interaction and architecture. --- Mikael Wiberg, Editor

South Asia faces one of the largest gender gaps online globally, and online safety is one of the main barriers to gender-equitable Internet access [GSMA, 2015]. To better understand the gendered risks and coping practices online in South Asia, we present a qualitative study of the online abuse experiences and coping practices of 199 people who iden...

Since its inception in the early 1980's, HCI and UX have sought wider recognition and influence. Now digital transformation, a pervasive shift in the role of information technology, will offer both practitioners and researchers far more influential roles in organizations. This shift, which is taking place in industry, education and government is pa...

At CHI 2018, a workshop on developing a community of practice to support global HCI education was held, building on six years of research and collaboration in the area of HCI education. Many themes emerged from the workshop activities and discussions. Two particularly stood out: creating channels for discussions related to HCI education and providi...

Buildings and urban spaces increasingly incorporate artificial intelligence and new forms of interactivity, raising a wide span of research questions about the future of human experiences with, and within, built environments. We call this emerging area Human-Building Interaction (HBI) and introduce it as an interdisciplinary domain of research inte...

HCI education reflects the continual evolution of HCI, embracing the changing landscapes of technology, infrastructure, and technology use. This forum aims to provide a platform for HCI educators, practitioners, researchers, and students to share their perspectives, reflections, and experiences related to HCI education. --- Sukeshini Grandhi, Edito...

The vision and mission of research under the banner of Ubiquitous Computing has increasingly moved from focusing on the realm of "artifacts" to the realm of "environments". We seek to scrutinize this very transition, and raise questions that relate to the specific attributes of built environments that set them inherently apart from artifacts. How d...

ACM SIGCHI has been supporting research in HCI education for many years, most actively from 2011-2014. At CHI2014, a workshop on developing a new HCI living curriculum was held, building on three years of research and collaboration. We believe the time is right to develop and implement the suggested HCI living curriculum. We propose a hands-on work...

Creativity is often associated with free expression, dynamic innovation, originality, and insightful, unconstrained genius. Nowhere is this more so than in the practice of design. The embodiment of this myth is the genius designer, from whom creative ideas spring forth naturally, effortlessly. A companion myth within the world of interface and inte...

Multi-device product designers need tools to better address ecologically valid constraints in naturalistic settings early in their design process. To address this need, we created a reusable design kit of scenarios, "hint" cards, and a framework that codifies insights from prior work and our own field study. We named the kit the Moving Context Kit,...

Personal data is increasingly important in our lives. We use personal data to quantify our behaviour, through health apps or for 'personal branding' and we are also increasingly forced to part with our data to access services. With a proliferation of embedded sensors, the built environment is playing a key role in this developing use of data, even...

In its 35 years, the CHI Community's remarkable research success has enabled an astonishing worldwide cultural transformation. CHI research on graphical user interfaces, touchscreens, hypertext, mobile devices, and social media have dramatically changed family/friend relationships, business, medical care, education, and much more. Many of the chang...

We present a qualitative study of the digital privacy and security motivations, practices, and challenges of survivors of intimate partner abuse (IPA). This paper provides a framework for organizing survivors' technology practices and challenges into three phases: physical control, escape, and life apart. This three-phase framework combines technol...

People with disabilities are a potential source of ideas and additional membership for professional computing organizations. Including people with disabilities in the decision-making processes of professional computing organizations ensures the most important barriers are addressed first. SIGCHI is one of ACM's largest special interest groups, with...

Recognizing how intimate partner abuse's three phases - physical control, escape from abuser, and life apart - affect survivors' technology use can help technology creators better understand and support this population's digital security and privacy needs.

The results of a study on HCI education in 2014 prompted the proposal to create a living curriculum that responds to the needs of multiple stakeholders. A workshop held during CHI 2014 signaled coalescence in the requirements for the establishment of said curriculum. This workshop seeks to further explore among multiple diverse HCI educators on how...

Interaction design is increasingly about embedding interactive technologies in our built environment; architecture is increasingly about the use of interactive technologies to reimagine and dynamically repurpose our built environment. This forum focuses on this intersection of interaction and architecture.

As the number of computing devices available to users continues to grow, personal computing increasingly involves using multiple devices together. However, support for multi-device interactions has fallen behind users' desire to leverage the diverse capabilities of the devices that surround them. In this paper, we report on an interview study of 29...

Studies show that people often use several devices together to carry out everyday tasks, but there are tremendous challenges when it comes to building effective and usable cross-device experiences. In this workshop, participants will explore these challenges through collaborative prototyping. Specifically, this workshop explores a number of design...

In 2030, we will have a different interactive experience with our built environments, at home, at work, and even in public urban spaces. This is attributed to advancements in sensing and actuation systems that can integrate into the building infrastructures, in symbiosis with the new environmental concerns that call for new life, work, and mobility...

Surveillance, literally the 'close watching over' of a person or a group, was historically carried out to monitor adversaries and criminals. The digital era of sensor-rich, connected devices means that new forms of everyday surveillance -- what some are calling 'dataveillance' -- are emerging. These are changing the power structures that link peopl...

This monograph lays out a discussion framework for understanding the role of human-computer interaction (HCI) in public policymaking. We take an international view, discussing potential areas for research and application, and their potential for impact. Little has been written about the intersection of HCI and public policy; existing reports typica...

This monograph lays out a discussion framework for understanding the role of human-computer interaction (HCI) in public policymaking. It takes an international view, discussing potential areas for research and application and their potential for impact. The aim is to provide a solid foundation for discussion, cooperation and collaborative interacti...

Experts share their views on the increasing importance of online video and interactive TV experiences. Four key areas of research in interactive television are content, recommendations, device ecosystems, and user feedback. Research has shown that mixing broadcast content with Internet content is a promising new possibility, with emerging standards...

Secondhand fashion is a rapidly growing, lucrative market with both off- and online outlets. Studies of secondhand consumption have focused primarily on people's motivations for secondhand shopping, highlighting sustainability and/or thrift. We extend this work by looking at the motivations and practices of secondhand shoppers who are driven instea...

Self-representation online can be difficult for those who are in life transitions that involve exploring new identity facets and changes in personal style. Many desire to tailor their online representations for different audiences. Social media site profiles and sharing settings offer varying levels of anonymity, privacy, and thus safety, but these...

Recent research has shown that some software that is intended to be gender-neutral is not, in fact, equally inclusive to males and females. But little is known about how to design software in a gender-aware fashion, and existing research on gender differences relevant to software design is scattered across at least five different academic fields (e...

Scholarly debate within the HCI community has acknowledged that the concepts of "online" and "offline" are merely handy descriptors for different environments and contexts. However, when it comes to designing technologies, this binary is still frequently invoked. In this workshop, our goal is to address what issues arise when we invoke this binary...

What is the role of CSCW as methodology and epistemology in the development of interactive technology for Proactive Health? Does CSCW have a particular research contribution to make to the critical and timely development of re-designing our cultures to support health as a social good rather than as a medical condition? This workshop proposes to ded...

What is the role of CSCW as methodology and epistemology in the development of interactive technology for Proactive Health? Does CSCW have a particular research contribution to make to the critical and timely development of re-designing our cultures to support health as a social good rather than as a medical condition? This workshop proposes to ded...

A system is provided to facilitate content dissemination. During operation, the system allows a user to add a tag to a first document, wherein the tag indicates an operation to be performed on a portion of the document. The system then processes the tag and performs the operation on the document portion based on the tag.

There have been significant successes in ICT in eHealth. Examples include deploying mobile devices to improve drug adherence, designing Internet services to extend human expert contact, and developing devices and services that encourage engagement in proactive healthcare activities. From an infrastructure perspective, better supply-chain management...

The present invention is directed towards systems and methods for providing search assistance technologies based on a user's search self-efficacy and search frustration. The method according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises receiving a search query from a user. The method then calculates the user's search self-efficacy and calcu...

By moving beyond logical data collection and engaging people on a subconscious and emotional level, computing technology could change cultural norms and thereby more effectively motivate lifestyle changes that prevent disease.

This article describes the new ACM International Conference on Interactive Experiences for Television and Online Video (ACM TVX) and provides a recap of the 1st ACM TVX, which took place in Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK, from 25-27 June 2014.

Techniques for displaying advertisements on web pages are provided. A revisitation rate for views of a web page by a user population is determined. A refresh rate for an advertisement space on the web page is synchronized with the determined revisitation rate. An advertisement is selected to be displayed at the advertisement space at a particular r...

Fashion, and especially apparel, is the fastest-growing category in online shopping. As consumers requires sensory experience especially for apparel goods for which their appearance matters most, images play a key role not only in conveying crucial information that is hard to express in text, but also in affecting consumer's attitude and emotion to...

We describe a completely automated large scale visual recommendation system for fashion. Existing approaches have primarily relied on purely computational models to solving this problem that ignore the role of users in the system. In this paper, we propose to overcome this limitation by incorporating a user-centric design of visual fashion recommen...

Elizabeth F. Churchill from eBay Research Labs, made an effort to find apps that could remove gloom and cheer up an individual. She searchers the Internet and found many such apps, but most of these were confusing and failed to cheer up the author. She interacted with her friends and asked them what cheered them up when they passed they passed thro...

Interactive technologies pervade every aspect of modern life. Web sites, mobile devices, household gadgets, automotive controls, aircraft flight decks; everywhere you look, people are interacting with technologies. These interactions are governed by a combination of: the users’ capabilities; the things the users are trying to do; and the context in...

Interactive technologies have a profound mediating effect on the way we obtain and contribute to knowledge, relate to each other and contribute to society. Often, "gender" is not a factor that is explicitly considered in the design of these technologies. When gender is considered, products are often designed with idealised models of gendered "users...

Crowdfunding, the request of resources through social media, has generated much discussion in the popular press; however, there have been few systematic empirical studies of this growing phenomenon. We bring together the leading HCI researchers in crowdfunding and crowdsourcing to discuss this potentially transformative socio-technical innovation t...

ACM SIGCHI supports research to understand the philosophies and practices that inform HCI education in order to support a broad community of students, academics, and industry practitioners around the globe. This workshop builds on 3 years of research and collaboration to engage the HCI community in developing a living curriculum for HCI. This inclu...

Reasons to be Cheerful, Part 3 was a song released by the UK's Ian Dury and the Blockheads in 1979. The song simply enumerates a series of reasons for being cheerful: Summer, Buddy Holly... 18-wheeler Scammels, Domenecker camels... The list includes sex, generosity and politeness, yellow socks, breakfast cereal, John Coltrane... and more. In 1979 w...

In this chapter we consider how errors contribute to accidents, large and small, and what we can do about them. We discuss the problem of post-hoc analyses, the types of human error that can occur, and how to design systems in such a way that the errors can be appropriately managed. The examples illustrate how user’s characteristics in terms of psy...

Most work is carried out by people working as part of a team. Even where work is carried out by one person it is likely to be in connection if not in collaboration with other people. This could be in a formal organization that has standard operating procedures or as part of a larger system, or it could be part of an informal group of loosely organi...

This chapter introduces two useful high-level approaches that summarize a wide range of aspects of users: how users interact with artifacts and how users perform tasks. A type of analysis, Cognitive Dimension/dimensions, provides a way to represent common and important aspects of interface design. The dimensions are used to describe and then evalua...

The intention of this book is to help you think about design from a user-centered perspective. Our aim is to help you understand what questions to ask when designing a technology or a system or when you are evaluating a design that already exists. We focus on physiological, cognitive, and social aspects of the human user, aspects that will affect h...

Task analysis (TA) is a useful tool for describing and understanding how people perform particular tasks. Task analyses can be used for several purposes ranging from describing behavior to helping decide how to allocate tasks to a team. There are several methods of TA that can be used to describe the user’s tasks at different levels of abstraction....

This chapter addresses even higher level processes than the previous chapter. It discusses ways that users communicate with computers and other technological systems. The chapter starts by considering the role of language in communication and how the ideas can be applied to interface design. It then looks at factors that affect how users read both...

In the previous chapter we introduced concepts related to teams and teamwork. This chapter provides concepts for analyzing, interpreting, and modeling how teams work. We turn to models of social communication and coordination that have gained prominence as we think about people in technical and social networks and at higher levels of organization....

This chapter recaps some of the many things that you have learned about users in terms of their anthropometric, behavioral, cognitive, and social aspects. You have been provided with a lot of information, so we describe a number of different possible ways you can organize it. One way to organize and apply the information is with user models. These...

If designers and developers want to design better technologies that are intended for human use they need to have a good understanding of the people who are or who will be using their systems. Understanding people, their characteristics, capabilities, commonalities, and differences allows designers to create more effective, safer, efficient, and enj...

Memory, attention, learning are intertwined in the user’s cognitive processing. These are the basic mechanisms of the user’s cognitive architecture and thus provide the basis for cognition. Users have several types of memory that are important for computer use. Attention can be seen as the set of items being processed at the same time and how they...

This chapter examines what are described as user behavioral characteristics. These are characteristics that are related to perception in broad terms. The chapter starts by defining some behavioral terms and concepts that are used in this and subsequent chapters. We then describe in detail several aspects of the two main perceptual systems that are...

There are several higher level structures built upon the basic structures of memory, attention, and learning in the user’s cognitive architecture. These representations and behaviors include mental models, problem solving, and decision making. These structures and processes form the basics of higher level cognition when interacting with technology,...

Evaluation is an essential part of development. There are several good reasons for carrying out user testing in particular. A successful evaluation requires careful planning. Here we describe the issues that you need to take into account and discuss several effective methods that can be used to collect data. User testing reduces the risk that you w...

This chapter addresses factors that arise from basic characteristics of the human body. While bodies vary in their size, shape, capabilities, and limitations, there are some common factors that are shared and some general guidance that we can apply to design better interfaces and systems. This is a broad topic: the influence of bodies on usability...

We study the problem of predicting sharing behavior from e-commerce sites to friends on social networks via share widgets. The contextual variation in an action that is private (like rating a movie on Netflix), to one shared with friends online (like sharing an item on Facebook), to one that is completely public (like commenting on a Youtube video)...

While recommendation profiles increasingly leverage social actions such as "shares", the predictive significance of such actions is unclear. To what extent do public shares correlate with other online behaviors such as searches, views and purchases? Based on an analysis of 950,000 users' behavioral, transactional, and social sharing data on a globa...

Eye tracking is the process of measuring where eye gaze is focused to infer what someone is paying attention to and/or ignoring. The object of focus could be a digital display (e.g., on a phone, tablet or computer) or another person in a conversation, for example in face-to-face settings or in video conferences. Researchers measure what is looked a...

Traditional cameras and video equipment are gradually losing the race with smart phones and small mobile devices that allow video, photo, and audio capturing on the go. Users are now quickly creating movies and taking photos whenever and wherever they go, particularly at concerts and live events (e.g., shows, sport events). Still, in-situ media cap...

There are several definitions of personalization but one that relates specifically to internet technologies is the following: Personalization technology enables the dynamic insertion, customization or suggestion of content in any format that is relevant to the individual user, based on the user's implicit behavior and preferences, and explicitly gi...

The disclosed embodiments of computer systems and techniques facilitate creation and retrieval of software code. Provenance tracking at the step level allows for each step to be tracked to its original creator and to various remixes of the original in the line of provenance.

Currency is a medium of exchange, a unit of account that is portable, durable, divisible, and fungible. The design guidelines for the US dollar bills have been fairly stable with regard to layout, size, texture, and color since the early 1900s, if not the mid to late 1880s. An obvious characteristic of US dollar bills is that a particularly narrow...

Personalization is central to the discipline of human-computer interaction. In the world of designing Internet applications and services, personalizing is largely about filtering content to satisfy an individual's particular tastes. The construct of personalization has been operationalized in three phase, learning from profiles and intentional user...

Embodiments are directed towards employing a classifier to determine a classification for target media content using nominally factored social interaction attributes, the classifier being trained using a training dataset that includes at least one nominally factored social interaction attribute. The trained classifier determines a classification of...

Disclosed herein are systems and methods for controlling access to content, and/or regions thereof, as well as controlling access to annotations to the content, or regions thereof. An audience can be specified for a region of content and one or more associated annotations. In response to a request for a content region, a content region definition,...

Technology has a profound mediating effect on the way we relate, obtain knowledge, and contribute to society. Worldwide there is a gender gap in technology with only a small part of all computer science related positions being held by women. Given the impact and potential ramifications of technology on our society, it is imperative that both male a...

The potential for user-relevant, context-appropriate, targeted advertising on mobile devices is enormous given device improvements and advances in personal and location-based data collection. However, little is known about how users experience display advertisements ('ads') on mobile devices, or what factors drive mobile ad effectiveness. In this p...

A system and method for using topic messages to understand media relating to an event. An event (such as a live event or broadcast event), is selected where at least a portion of the content of the event is stored as at least one media object, such as, for example a video or audio recording in digital format. A plurality of topic messages relating...

HCI (human-computer interaction) research has strongly affected the marketability of new technologies and networked systems. HCI emerged in the 1970s as a field of inquiry as a result of the increasing penetration of computers and computational devices into the workplace. There have been several efforts to outline core courses for a program in HCI....

Marketing firms love to create future food production imaginaries, illustrating innovation skills and forward-thinking market differentiation. food and food-related habits continue to be the focus of extensive research, design, and development dealing with the physics and chemistry of cooking and the ergonomics of optimized workflow kitchens. Criti...

As mobile devices are enhanced with more sensors, powerful embedded cameras, and increased processing power and features, new user experiences become possible. A good example is the recent emergence of mobile augmented reality (MAR) applications that are designed for personal use while people are on-the-go. However, the majority of the existing lit...

Use statistics indicate that the consumption and sharing of multimedia content takes up an increasingly large percentage of people's time spent online. While our technologies and services advance, we still have very little understanding of the underlying psychological, social and cultural drivers that underlie the choice to share (or not), nor for...

Mobile devices have increasing computational power. Their sophistication in terms of network access, content rendering and interactivity, and data gathering is growing. Sensors such as microphones, cameras, gyroscopes, and accelerometers are routinely available and devices are enhanced with a various output modalities from visual to sound to vibroc...

As mobile devices are enhanced with more sensors, powerful embedded cameras, and increased processing power and features, new user experiences become possible. A good example is the recent emergence of Augmented Reality (AR) applications that are designed for personal use while people are on-the-go. However, designing effective and usable AR experi...

An HCI researcher or practitioner needs to be part of the conversation that addresses what and how quantitative trace data is collected, how data is represented, extracted and/or aggregated; what questions are asked of data; what processes and practices are enacted as results are generated; and how data thus extracted is understood. There is much t...

New multimedia applications, such as community-created video repositories and tools for synchronous sharing, have revolutionized the ways that media is watched and shared. Effective instrumentation of these applications can enable researchers and system designers to better understand how video is being consumed: that is, how it is being watched, sh...

As user-generated Web content increases, the amount of inappropriate and/or objectionable content also grows. Several scholarly communities are addressing how to detect and manage such content: research in computer vision focuses on detection of inappropriate images, natural language processing technology has advanced to recognize insults. However,...

This workshop focuses on exploring the centrality of visual literacy and visual thinking to HCI. Drawing on emerging critical perspectives, the workshop will address visual literacy and visual thinking from an interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary design-orientation [2, 8], foregrounding the notion that imagery is a primary form of visual thinkin...

Previous studies have used mouse tracking as a tool to measure usability of webpages, user attention and search relevance. In this paper, we go beyond measurement of user behavior to prediction of the resulting user experience from mouse patterns alone. Specifically, we identify mouse markers that can predict user frustration and reading struggles...

This one-day workshop brings together human computer interaction (HCI) scholars and practitioners interested in how emerging technologies are changing the way we understand and experience heritage. Digital media play an increasing role in how we see ourselves, and how future generations will see themselves in relation to us. The workshop will addre...

Command-line and graphical interfaces controlled by a keyboard and mouse may still be the dominant form of interaction with digital content in the workplace, but consumers are seeking easier-to-use and more intuitive ways to explore the world of online communications and information access. The featured Web extra is a video of guest editor Albrecht...

Sites such as Yelp and Yahoo! Local provide a valuable source of knowledge about both new and familiar places. However, they represent an indirect source of local knowledge. Many are likely to prefer learning from the people who know their neighborhoods best: local experts. In this study of online review websites (ORWs), we examine attitudes about...

As online communities grow and the volume of user-generated content increases, the need for community management also rises. Community management has three main purposes: to create a positive experience for existing participants, to promote appropriate, socionormative behaviors, and to encourage potential participants to make contributions. Researc...

Elizabeth Churchill, a principal research scientist and manager of the Internet Experiences Group at Yahoo! Research, shares her views on the efforts being made by researchers to study human behavior and emotions involved in their interaction with computers. A whole research agenda exists to demonstrate that researchers process emotional preference...