Elham Al-Kaissi

• Dr.
• Head of Faculty at Petra University

Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) are a new class of green solvents, which can solubilize natural and synthetic chemicals of low water solubility. NADES are mixtures of two or three compounds of hydrogen bond acceptors and hydrogen‐bond donors. Many NADES’ components are of natural origin and therefore NADES are presumed to be non‐toxic and of...

The aim of this project was to study the physico-chemical and antimicrobial properties of Jordanian honey and propolis in order to determine their potential as pharmaceutical preservation systems. This study undertook a physico-chemical analysis of several Jordanian honeys and one propolis type, in order to evaluate several physico-chemical propert...

Background: The continuously increasing resistance of pathogenic microorganisms against many of the commonly used antibiotics imposes a considerable effort to develop new drugs. 2-Mercaptobezoxazole (2-MBO) and its derivatives are considered as one of the most important heterocyclic in pharmaceutical chemistry as antimicrobial agent. Methods: This...

Microemulsions are thermodynamically stable, transparent, isotropic mixtures of oil, water and surfactant (and sometimes a co‐surfactant), which have shown potential for widespread application in disinfection and self‐preservation. This is thought to be due to an innate antimicrobial effect. It is suggested that the antimicrobial nature of microemu...

Background: The previously reported circulating human antibodies against the Bovine Milk Fat Globule Membrane (BMFGM) were found to primarily target xanthine oxidase (XO) enzyme that produces uric acid and reactive oxygen species. It is suggested that XO could potentially be implicated in the pathogenesis of acute myocardial infarction. Methods: In...

Depression is the most common illness that affects a large number of individuals in all countries. It is believed that decreased levels of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine are the main cause of depression. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), their mechanism...

Objective: Design and synthesize a new Aminoacetylenic-4,4-dimethylglutarimide derivatives and investigate their selective inhibitory activity to COXs. Methods: Aminoacetylenic-4,4-dimethylglutarimide derivatives were synthesized by alkylation of 4,4-dimethylglutarimide with propargyl bromide afforded 4,4-dimethyl-1-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)piperidine-2,6-d...

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are of interest to drug companies. These proteins kinase (PKs) are considered as validated drug targets. In cancer, proteins kinases play a key role in regulating numerous cellular functions including increased proliferation, decreased apoptosis, increased invasion, metastasi...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder of unknown etiology. Studies indicate that RA is related to the oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen species, but results have been inconsistent. The aim of this study is to measure the oxidant levels (xanthine oxidase and malondialdehyde) and antioxidant levels (enzymatic superoxide...

Small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors of the epidermal growth receptor (EGF-R) are of pharmaceutical interest because these proteins kinases (PKs) are considered validated drug targets. In cancer, protein tyrosine kinase plays a key role in regulating numerous cellular functions including increased proliferation, decreased apoptosis, increased...

A recent approach in cancer treatment is the angiogenesis inhibitors, as represented by the endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitors and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitors such as thalidomide and lenalidomide. We envision structural analogues to lenalidomide namely aminoacetylenic-2-methylindoline series as a novel and new...

A recent approach in cancer treatment is the angiogenesis inhibitors, as represented by the endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitors and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitors such as thalidomide and lenalidomide. We envision structural analogues to lenalidomide namely aminoacetylenic-2-methylindoline series as a novel and new...

Objective: The aim of this study was to design and synthesize new amino acetylenic 5-ethoxy-2-mercaptobenzimidazole derivatives as potential antimicrobial agents. Methods: New series of 5-ethoxy-2-{[4-(t-amino-1-yl) but-2-yn-1-yl] sulfanyl}-1H-benzimidazole derivatives were synthesized by Mannich reaction, and investigated for their antimicrobial a...

Objective: The aim of this study was to design and synthesized new amino acetylenic 5-Ethoxy-2-mercaptobenzimidazole derivatives as potential antimicrobial agents. Methods: New series of 5-ethoxy-2-{[4-(t-amino-1-yl)but-2-yn-1-yl]sulfanyl}-1H-benzimidazole derivatives were synthesized by Mannich reaction, and investigated for their antimicrobial ac...

The aminoacetylenicoxyquinazoline were synthesized and their structures were confirmed through Infra-Red (IR), Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1 H-NMR), Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (13 C-NMR) and elemental analysis. Docking with Epidural Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) kinase were carried out and showed effective overlap. The aminoacetyle...

Objective: To determine the time needed for killing different types of microorganisms by a newly synthesized 2-mercapto-1,3-benzothiazole derivative in comparison to ciprofloxacin and fluconazole.Methods: The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) for 2-{[4-(2,6-dimethylPiperidin-1-yl)but-2-yn-1-yl]Sulfa...

A new series of 7-methoxy-2-[4-(t-amino-1-yl)oxy]-naphthalene derivatives; 7-methoxy-2-{[4-(2-methylpiperidine)but-2-yn-1-yl]oxy}-naphthalene (RZ2), 7-methoxy-2-{[4-(2,6-dimethylpiperidine)but-2-yn-1-yl]oxy}-naphthalene (RZ3), 7-methoxy-2{[4-(piperidine)but-2-yn-1-yl]oxy}-naphthalene (RZ4), 7-methoxy-2-{[4-(pyrrolidine)but-2-yn-1-yl]oxy}-naphthalen...

Objective: Increasing use of medicinal plants in the treatment of infectious diseases are due to the development of multi-antibiotics resistant microorganisms, and had alerted our interest in the examination of some natural products. This study was carried out to investigate the antimicrobial activity of Jordanian propolis, black seed oil (Nigella...

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine if it is possible to establish and maintain a binary biofilm consisting of Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria, which could be used as a multi-species model for antibiotic action studies. Materials & Methods: A medium controlled, continuous culture biofil...

p> Objective: To design and synthesize amino acetylenic and thiocarbonate of 2-mercapto-1,3-benthiazoles as potential antimicrobial agents. Methods: A new series of 2-{[4-(t-amino-1-yl) but-2-yn-1-yl] sulfanyl}-1,3-benzothiazole derivatives (AZ1-AZ6), and S-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl-O-alkyl carbonothioate derivatives were synthesised, with the aim tha...

p> Objective: To design and synthesise a new amino acetylenic tetrahydro phthalimide derivative and investigate their selective inhibitory activity to COXs. Methods: Aminoacetylenic tetrahydro phthalimide derivatives were synthesised by alkylation of tetrahydro phthalimide with propargyl bromide afforded 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-hexahydro-...

Objectives: Previous research from this group has identified significant antimicrobial activity associated with oil-in-water (O/W) microemulsions. This activity has been exhibited against both bacteria and fungi (including yeasts) and bacterial biofilms and is dependent upon the position of the microemulsion within its stability zone. This novel wo...

Objective: This study aim to investigate the levels of oxidative stress, antioxidants besides uric acid, C-reactive protein (CRP), lipid profile and cardiac biomarker enzymes in young men admitted to the hospital for the first time with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), to investigate any Relationship between them. Methods: 135 young men age ˂ 40...

Objective: A new series of 2-{4-(t-amino)-2-(but-2-yn-1-yl)}-1,3-benzothiazole derivatives, 2-[4-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)but-2-yn-1-yl]-1,3-benzothiazole (BZ2), 2-[4-(2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)but-2-yn-1-yl]-1,3-benzothiazole (BZ3), 2-[4-(piperidin-1-yl) but-2-yn-1-yl]-1,3-benzothiazole (BZ4), 2-[4- (azepan-1-yl)but-2-yn-1-yl]-1,3-benzothiazole (BZ5), 2-[4-(...

During the course of our investigation to the synthesis of 2-(2'-tetrahydropyranyl thio) methyl-1-carboxycyclopropane through the cyclic addition of 2-allythiotetropyran with ethyldiazoacetate results in cyclopropane derivatives in cis and trans form in addition to sigmatropic rearrangement of 1,3 and 1,5 shift were obtained. Conformation of the st...

During the course of our investigation to the synthesis of 2-(2'-tetrahydropyranyl thio) methyl-1-carboxycyclopropane through the cyclic addition of 2-allythiotetropyran with ethyldiazoacetate results in cyclopropane derivatives in cis and trans form in addition to sigmatropic rearrangement of 1,3 and 1,5 shift were obtained. Conformation of the st...

Objective: To synthesize new amino acetylenic benzophenone derivatives with significant H3-antagonist's activity. Methods: Amino acetylenic benzophenone derivatives were synthesized from the reaction of 2-hydroxybenzophenone with 3-bromoprop-1-in to generate 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)-1,3-benzophenone (AZ-1). A mixture of 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)-1,3-benzo...

Objective: The lack of information concerning the pharmacological activity of amino acetylenic amide derivatives in which the cyclic amine is aziridine or azetidine promoted our interest to synthesize N-[4-(1-azeridinyl)-2-butynyl] pyrrolide-1,3-dione 4, N-[4-(1-azetidinyl)-2-butynyl] pyrrolidine-1,3-dione 5 and N-[4-(1-pyrrolidnyl)-2-butynyl]pyrro...

Aminoacetylenic isoindoline-1,3-dione derivatives were synthesized from the reaction of potassium phthalimide with propargyl bromide to generate 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (ZM1). Treatment of 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione with appropriate cyclic amines through Mannich reaction yielded five desired aminoacetylenic isoindoline-...

Objective: The main goal is to evaluate the clinical efficacy, safety, and tolerability of antibiotics and methotrexate (MTX) treatment on the disease severity, on Streptococcus pyogenes carrier rate and on the lipid profile of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: In a 6-months, double –blind trial, 130 patients with active RA were tre...

Aminoacetylenicoxybenzothiazole derivatives were synthesized from the reaction of 2-hydroxybenzothiazole with 3-bromoprop-1-yne to generate 2-(prop-2-ynl-1-yloxy)-1,3-benzothiazole (RM-1). A mixture of 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)-1,3-benzothiazole, paraformaldehyde, cyclic amine and cuprous chloride catalytic amount, in peroxide-free dioxane through Mann...

Microemulsions are physically stable oil/water clear dispersions, spontaneously formed and thermodynamically stable. They are composed in most cases of water, oil, surfactant and cosurfactant. Microemulsions are stable, self-preserving antimicrobial agents in their own right. The observed levels of antimicrobial activity associated with microemulsi...

A series of N 1,N 2-bis-[4-(t-amino)-2-butynyl]phthalamides have been synthesized and investigated for the blocking of the motor effect of oxotremorine in intact mice and for their antagonistic activity towards acetylcholine on isolated guinea pig ileum preparations. All N 1,N 2-bis-[4-(t-amino)-2-butynyl]phthalamides showed more selectivity as oxo...

A series of 4,5-diaryl-2-[4-(t-amino)-2-butynyl]-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ones were synthesized and characterized by infrared spectrum (IR), 1H-NMR spectra and elemental analyses. Investigation of their antimicrobial activity was performed. Antimicrobial activity profile of the title compounds were evaluated against Gram- positive bacteria, G...

This work is to investigate the levels of human xanthine oxidoreductase (HXOR), its antibodies, and microorganisms in synovial fluid of patients with untreated rheumatoid joint diseases. Synovial fluids were collected from sixty-four patients with rheumatoid joint diseases. Sixty-four age-matched individuals were included as control. Xanthine oxido...

Aminoacetylenic isoindoline-1,3-dione derivatives were synthesized from the reaction of potassium phthalimide with propargyl bromide to generate 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (ZM1). Treatment of 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione with appropriate cyclic amines through Mannich reaction yielded five desired aminoacetylenic isoindoline-...

Several compounds were derived from the conversion of the carboxyl group in salicylic acid and diflunisal into amides of various heterocyclic rings such as 2-amino-5-methyl-2- thiazole, 3-amino-5-methylisooxazole, 2-amino-5-methylthio-1,3,4-thiadiazole and 2- aminothiazole. The synthetic steps involve esterification of the phenolic group in difluni...

Blastocystis hominis was considered to be a member of normal intestinal flora in the past; recently it has been accepted as a controversial pathogen. In this study 200 stool specimens of patients suffering from gastroenteritis were studies by applying direct microscopic stool examination and culture. 67% of these specimens showed single entropathog...

Acute toxicological studies of the aqueous extract of Iraqi Peganum harmala in rats were conducted. The LD50 value of the extract in rats given intramuscularly was 420 mg/kg. Tremor and convulsion were observed in most of the treated rats specially those given large dose. These toxic signs are probably due to the alkaloids content of the extracts w...

Genital herpes is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases. Ulcerations of primary genital herpes may be susceptible to secondary infection with bacteria, fungus or even viruses. This study was directed to investigate the incidence of HSV and other pathogens in female patients presented with vaginal discharge and/or genital discomfort....

The dermatological preparations consist of simple or compounded bases in which one or more active ingredients are dissolved or suspended .The plant Aloe vera is widely distributed in Iraq, in addition to it's tranditional use in the treatment of occasional constipation , it is also used to assist healing of wounds ,burns and psoriasis. In this stud...