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Introduction
Development of new approaches to improve ex situ and in situ conservation of plants with a focus on crop wild relatives and endangered species
Current institution
Publications
Publications (46)
Climate change may hinder species' ability to evolutionarily adapt to environmental shifts. Assisted gene flow, introducing adaptive alleles into target populations, could be a viable solution for keystone species. Our study aimed to evaluate the benefits and limitations of assisted gene flow in enhancing the evolutionary potential of Lupinus angus...
A key source of biodiversity preservation is in the ex situ storage of seed in what are known as germplasm banks (GBs). Unfortunately, wild species germplasm bank databases, often maintained by resource-limited botanical gardens, are highly disparate and capture information about their collections in a wide range of underlying data formats, storage...
Background and aims:
Within-population genetic and phenotypic variation play a key role in the development of adaptive responses to environmental change. Between-population variation is also an essential element to assess the evolutionary potential of species in response to changes in environmental conditions. In this context, common garden experi...
Climate change poses a novel threat to biodiversity that urgently requires the development of adequate conservation strategies. Living organisms respond to environmental change by migrating to locations where their ecological niche is preserved or by adapting to the new environment. While the first response has been used to develop, discuss and imp...
Current climate change may impede species to evolutionary adapt quickly enough to environmental changes, threatening their survival. In keystone populations, it may be necessary to consider the introduction of adaptive alleles through assisted gene flow. Considering that flowering time is a crucial trait in plant response to global warming, the obj...
La caja de herramientas CAPFITOGEN fue desarrollada para apoyar la comunidad global que conserva y usa sosteniblemente los RFAA, ofreciendo herramientas de software diseñadas para realizar análisis espaciales y de diversidad ecogeográfica para facilitar una conservación más eficiente y efectiva y la planificación del uso sostenible.
The CAPFITOGEN toolbox was developed to provide support to the global PGR conservation and sustainable use community by providing software tools designed to perform spatial and ecogeographic diversity analyses to facilitate more efficient and effective PGR conservation and sustainable use planning.
In the present framework of global warming, it is unclear whether evolutionary adaptation can happen quick enough to preserve the persistence of many species. Specifically, we lack knowledge about the adaptive potential of the different populations in relation to the various constraints that may hamper particular adaptations. There is evidence indi...
Los parientes silvestres de los cultivos (PSC) son una fuente de genes para los mejoradores de plantas y deben ser conservados en aras de la seguridad alimentaria, máxime en el actual contexto de cambio climático. Con esta finalidad, recientemente se ha aprobado una estrategia nacional que contempla la creación de una red de reservas genéticas de P...
Estrategia Nacional de Conservación y Utilización de Parientes Silvestres de los Cultivos (PSC) y Plantas Silvestres de Uso Alimentario (PSUA)
Many species cannot either migrate or adapt at the rate of temperature increases due to climate warming. Therefore, they need active conservation strategies to avoid extinction. Facilitated adaptation actions, such assisted gene flow, aim at the increase of the evolutionary resilience of species affected by global change. In elevational gradients,...
The Andean region of Ecuador is the place of origin of many maize landraces grouped into 24 races. Definition of priorities for maize diversity conservation in this region can be supported by the spatial identification of areas with a high eco-geographical and phenotypic diversity. Six hundred thirty-six maize samples were morphologically character...
Ullucus tuberosus (common name 'ulluco') is a popular tuber crop of Andean highlands. Until now attention has been focused on ulluco from Bolivia, Peru and Ecuador, but little is known about its diversity in Colombia. Thirty-six accessions of cultivated ulluco preserved in the Gene Bank of the Universidad Nacional de Colombia were studied to assess...
Orchid seeds are presumably dispersed by wind due to their very small size and thus can potentially travel long distances.
However, the few related studies indicate that seeds fall close to their mother plants. Because seed dispersal and colonization
patterns can have relevant consequences for long-term species persistence, we assessed the fine-sca...
Crop Wild Relatives (CWR) are receiving significant attention over the last decades. Numerous conservation plans and guidelines to better manage these resources have been developed lately at both national and international levels. In this sense, Spain is following a similar path to that followed by other countries and has included CWR in the Nation...
Crop wild relatives (CWR) have recently received significant attention due to their value as plant genetic resources and their contribution to world food security. We present a prioritized checklist of CWR in Spain in which the criteria of crossability with crops of economic importance, endemicity and threat status have been taken into account. Fir...
Orchids are the most diverse family of vascular plants in Ecuador with 228 genera and nearly 4000 species. More than 60% of these species are epi- phytes, being Pleurothallis R.Br., Epidendrum L., Lepanthes Sw. and Masdevallia Ruiz & Pav., with 472, 358, 314 and 226 species respectively, some of the genera with greater number of epiphytic orchids (...
There are 26 maize (Zea mays L.) races found in the Andean highlands of Ecuador. Knowing the environmental characteristics of the sites where these races occur is useful to understanding their adaptive capacities and to identify germplasm potentially adapted to abiotic stress conditions. Passport data of 1186 accessions from the Ecuadorian national...
The presence of compatible fungi is necessary for epiphytic orchid recruitment. Thus, identifying associated mycorrhizal fungi at the population level is essential for orchid conservation. Recruitment patterns may also be conditioned by factors such as seed dispersal range and specific environmental characteristics.
In a forest plot, all trees with...
This paper aims to make progress in the prioritization of Crop Wild Relatives (CWR) to be achieved by 2020, with the objective of establishing national conservation action plans, filling ex situ conservation gaps and enhancing CWR utilization, as proposed by Maxted and Kell (2012). In order to know the status of the ex situ conservation of CWR in S...
The present paper reviews the use of ecogeographical studies in the efficient conservation and utilization of plant genetic resources. While the use of genotypic information in agrobiodiversity studies has experienced a rapid boost during the last two decades, the use of environmental information on the collecting sites of the conserved germplasm (...
Participants agreed on the general approach to the development of national CWR and LR conservation strategies and the issue of funding the planning stages of the strategies was debated. PGR Secure, via the project's helpdesk (www.pgrsecure .org), agreed to make available a list of policy drivers that will help persuade governments to provide the mo...
Information on plant adaptation can be very useful in agrobiodiversity studies. Ecogeographical land characterization (ELC)
maps constitute a new tool in this direction with great potential. To assess the usefulness of this approach, an ELC map of
Spain was created through multivariate methods. Its performance to characterize plant habitat preferen...
Ullucus tuberosus (common name ‘ulluco’) is a popular tuber crop of Andean highlands. Until now attention has been focused on ulluco from Bolivia,
Peru and Ecuador, but little is known about its diversity in Colombia. Thirty-six accessions of cultivated ulluco preserved
in the Gene Bank of the Universidad Nacional de Colombia were studied to assess...
An efficient germplasm collecting method was evaluated using six Lupinus species and the Spanish Lupinus collection as a study case. This method includes the application of geographic information systems, ecogeographical land characterization maps, species distribution models and gap analysis to identify prioritized collecting sites. To evaluate th...
This book contains 43 chapters, 36 of which were presented at the a conference entitled "Towards the establishment of genetic reserves for crop wild relatives and landraces in Europe" held at the University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal between 13 and 17 September 2010. The conference papers are presented in the following sections: genetic reserve...
Ecogeographical data complement genotypic and phenotypic information on plant genetic resources and provide an alternative characterization when resources are scarce. Ecogeographical core collections can be created by directly characterizing georeferenced collecting sites or by assigning them categories from ecogeographical land characterization ma...
This study evaluated the phenotypic representativeness of core collections generated independently with ecogeographical data or with morphological data. The Spanish Phaseolus vulgaris L. collection was the target germplasm collection, and one map of ecogeographical categories and 15 morphological variables were used to create core collections. Thre...
This book details the methodology used by all research groups in the data gathering for the publication of the "Atlas y Libro Rojo de la Flora Vascular Amenazada de España" (Atlas and Red Book of Threatened Vascular Flora of Spain)
Crop wild relatives (CWR) have received increasing interest from the plant genetic resources community since the first Global Plan of Action in 1996 called attention on its poor representation in germplasm collections around the world. Collecting has become a strategic activity to improve the ex situ representation of wild germplasm, but improvemen...
Flowering synchrony is essential for plant reproductive success, especially in the case of small-sized populations of self-incompatible species. Closely related to synchrony, flowering intensity influences pollinator attraction and pollinator movements. Thus, a high flowering intensity may increase pollinator attraction but, at the same time, may a...
These proceedings contain 49 papers presented in the following sections: (i) crop wild relative conservation; (ii) establishing inventories and conservation priorities; (iii) threat and conservation assessment; (iv) genetic erosion and genetic pollution; (v) in situ conservation; (vi) ex situ conservation; (vii) information management; (viii) gene...
An intense exploration of the Spanish Cantabrian coast for the presence or absence of wild Brassica oleracea L., yielded 24 new localities to be added to the 21 previously known. Of the resulting 45 localities, 22 correspond to Asturias, 11 to Cantabria and 12 to the Basque Country. Data on the habitat requirements of this plant have been annotated...
An intense exploration of the Spanish Cantabrian coast for the presence or absence of wild Brassica oleracea L., yielded 24 new localities to be added to the 21 previously known. Of the resulting 45 localities, 22 correspond to Asturias, 11 to Cantabria and 12 to the Basque Country. Data on the habitat requirements of this plant have been annotated...
Metodología de obtención de datos en las poblaciones naturales en el poryecto AFA
Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to study the spatial genetic structure in two populations (Bolarque and Entrepeñas) of endangered cliff specialist Antirrhinum microphyllum Rothm. (Scrophulariaceae). Mantel tests found no significant linear correlations between geographic and genetic data. However, redundancy analysis (RDA)...
Development of suitable approaches to the analysis of genetic diversity in a spatial context, where factors such as pollination, seed dispersal, breeding system, habitat heterogeneity and human influence are appropriately integrated, can provide new insights in the understanding of the mechanisms of maintenance and dynamics of populations. In this...
Thirteen allozyme loci and 68 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were analyzed to assess the genetic diversity and population structure of threatened Antirrhinum microphyllum (Scrophulariaceae), a narrow endemic of central Spain known from only four populations. According to allozyme data, species genetic diversity (p = 46.15%, A = 2.6...
The breeding system and flowering phenology of the narrow endemic Antirrhinum microphyllum (Scrophulariaceae) were studied in order to assess the main factors affecting female reproductive success and to identify existing or potential threats to the viability of its populations. Hand-pollination experiments showed that A. microphyllum is an allogam...
The volatile oils from two species of genus Salvia L., of the Lamiaceae family, Salvia aethiopis L. and S. sclarea L. have been examined by means of GC/MS in combination with retention indices. The main constituents of the essential oil of S. aethiopis were found to be: α-copaene (10.43-9–15%), germacrene D (10.46–4.95%) and bicyclogermacrene (41.4...
