Eesa Mohammadi

• PhD
• Faculty Member at Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University

Background: Male infertility treatment has gained prominence in the literature, yet the factors facilitating its care remain underexplored. Objective: This study aimed to explore the experiences and perspectives of men with primary infertility regarding factors that facilitate care in male infertility treatment. Methods: Eleven men experiencing i...

Purpose: This study aims to delve into the process of men confronting infertility. Design: This research employed the Straussian grounded theory approach. Methods: The study encompassed interviews with 16 participants from a private fertility center in Isfahan, Iran, between March 2023 and March 2024. The interviews were semistructured. Data analys...

Background Most of the research and care in fertility focuses on women, while men’s perspectives and expectations are often overlooked. Objectives To explore the experiences and expectations of men with primary infertility regarding fertility clinics and to provide implications for personalized and inclusive care. Methods A qualitative study w...

Aim To investigate the experiences of men struggling with infertility. Design This is a qualitative study, and the report follows the COREQ checklist. Methods A team of nurse researchers conducted this research in Iran to examine the experiences of 11 men with primary infertility. The participants were selected through targeted sampling and under...

Bright light exposure is as one of the non-pharmacological measures to sleep management in shift-worker. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of bright light exposure in shift-worker nurses. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRIS...

Background As crises occur, attention to physical health usually becomes more than mental health, neglecting mental health, especially in some vulnerable groups such as pregnant women and new mothers, can have adverse consequences. Therefore, it is imperative to recognize and comprehend their mental health needs, particularly during critical situat...

Pressure injury is a recognized problem for patients with stroke. Knowing the prevalence of pressure injury post stroke can guide clinical professionals and researchers to take appropriate actions for patient care and education. The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature regarding prevalence of pressure injury among patients...

Background & aim: The Fertility rate is decreasing in most countries and the total fertility rate (TFR) has reached its lower replacement level, and negative population growth is observed in some countries, including Iran. This study aimed to explore the childbearing barriers among women living in northern Iran. Methods: This qualitative study was...

Background: Justice in health is one of the main concerns of health organizations, and discrimination in health care is one of the negative outcomes to achieving this goal. Hence, a full understanding of the phenomenon of discrimination in health care and adopting strategies to eliminate it is necessary. The present study was conducted to explore...

Background Discrimination in health care is an international challenge and a serious obstacle to justice and equality in health. Research objective The purpose of this study was to design a grounded theory of discrimination in health care based on the experiences and perceptions of Iranian healthcare providers and patients. Research design This q...

Aim: Despite the significance of palliative care in treating people with cancer, the provision of this type of care in Iran is vague and unorganized. This research intends to explore the meaning of care in the process of providing palliative care to Iranian people with cancer and to develop a theory that would explain the phenomenon. Design: Thi...

Aim: The aim of this study was to explore the perceptions of nurses, patients and attendants of humanistic care in the intensive care unit. Design: The present study was a qualitative conventional content analysis conducted in the intensive care unit in a hospital in Iran, in 2019. Methods: Data were collected using semi-structured interviews...

Background: Coronary Artery Disease is the foremost reason of illnesses and death in the world. Assessment of the needs is a priority in these patients. However, there is a paucity of tools for the evaluation of needs, with the controversy surrounding their validity. Purpose: This review aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of tools used...

Background One of the main concerns in critical care units is the development of humanistic approaches. In this regard, recognizing the factors affecting humanistic nursing can contribute to humanizing nursing care in these units. Objective The objective was to recognize the influential factors of humanistic nursing in critical care units. Resear...

Aim: This study was conducted to explain the role of families in rehabilitating children with cochlear implants based on the participants' experiences and perceptions. Method: This research is a qualitative study based on the method of contract content analysis, and it is conducted with semi-structured interviews to collect information in Iran i...

Background Sleep management is considered as the most challenging issue for shift-working nurses. However, there is little knowledge on how they deal with the problem of insomnia caused by the shift work in the real context. Methods We used one-to-one, in-depth interviews for data collection and constant comparative analysis approach and memo writ...

Background The shortage of psychiatric nurses is a major healthcare challenge. Lack of interest (LOI) contributes to the shortage of psychiatric nurses. Nonetheless, there are limited studies in this area. The present study was conducted to explore nurses’ experiences of the causes of their LOI in working in psychiatric wards. Methods This qualita...

Background There is insufficient physical activity among women. Yet the implementation of effective, multilevel, and evidence-based interventions may address this. Since the lifestyle of individuals is formed in many different social, physical and cultural contexts, it will be necessary in designing such interventions to involve many stakeholders....

Considering the importance of family caregivers in pressure injury prevention, it is necessary to clearly define their role in pressure injury prevention guidelines. We reviewed the contents of pressure injury prevention guidelines with the aim of defining the role of family caregivers. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Proquest were searched, as...

Discrimination in healthcare is one of the main concerns of healthcare systems around the world. A systematic review can help to clarify and integrate results from different pieces of evidence about discrimination in healthcare. Articles published in English were retrieved using the main keywords in the Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases...

Background and Aim: Discrimination in healthcare is one of the important challenges of health system managers in different countries so; discrimination is the main outcome of a lack of justice in health. Therefore, the whole exploring the discrimination in healthcare and determining effective policies is essential. This study was conducted to explo...

Background: Recovery of children does not appear on its own after cochlear implantation. Coherent, thoughtful, and comprehensive rehabilitation is needed to achieve complete success. The purpose of this study was to identify the types of rehabilitation interventions for children with cochlear implants that have been performed in Iran. Methods: A sc...

Background:The shortage of psychiatric nurses is a major healthcare challenge. Lack of interest (LOI) is a significant factor contributing to the shortage of psychiatric nurses. Nonetheless, there are limited studies in this area. The present study was conducted to explore nurses’ experiences of the causes of their LOI in working in psychiatric war...

Background: Caring for brain dead patients is the heaviest of duties for nurses, and despite tremendous stress, there are no theories/models to support nurses in this situation. This study designed a supportive model for nurses to provide care for potential organ donors. Materials and methods: This qualitative study was conducted in two stages....

Background Patient-centered care is one of the main components in providing palliative care for cancer patients. This issue has been the subject of numerous studies and practices in nursing for many years. Few studies, however, have explored the perception of nurses about patient-centered treatments. This study aimed at exploring the perception of...

BACKGROUND: Discrimination in health care is a common phenomenon whose complete understanding has always been a major concern of health-care systems to control and reduce it. This study aimed to explore the experiences of unintentional discrimination and related factors in health-care providers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This qualitative study was con...

Nurses are faced with tremendous pressure when providing brain-dead patients with care. There is limited guidance for nurses on the care of these patients. The present study aimed to report the experiences of nurses regarding the care of patients diagnosed with brain death. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 31 nurses and other stakehol...

Background: Justice in health is one of the main concerns of health organizations, and discrimination in health care is one of the negative outcomes to achieving this goal. Hence, a full understanding of the phenomenon of discrimination in health care and adopting strategies to eliminate it is necessary. The present study was conducted to determine...

Background Over the past hundred years, licensed practical nurses (LPN) have faced several challenges because of the changing situations in health care system. The current study addresses the role changing of LPNs in accordance with the context and new needs. Aims This aim of situation analysis is to access what changes have occurred in the role o...

Background: Nurses working in intensive care units do their main part of the job using medical equipment. Scholars have long debated the impact of technology on nursing. Those on the negative side perceive technologies as obtrusive to comprehensive humanistic care. Up to now, there has been little investigation of the nurses' perceptions of this ph...

Background: Nurses working in intensive care units do their main part of the job using medical equipment. Nursing scholars have raised concerns about the decline and lack of attention to humanistic care in nursing. One of the threatening factors can be the high attention of nurses to the use of technology, especially in intensive care. Up to now, t...

Background: Patient experience and satisfaction are often used to evaluate the quality of care provided in emergency departments (EDs). Several studies have evaluated the experiences of patients and their family members in EDs internationally, but few studies have investigated the experiences of those attending EDs in Iran. Aim: To investigate p...

Background: Caring for brain dead patient is one of the most troublous duties of an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) nurse. This study aimed to determine nursing challenges based on recent literature and identify the strategies to overcome these challenges. Materials and methods: In this systematic review, the standard systematic review guideline of Pr...

Abstract Prehospital emergency care nurses experience severe workplace violence. However, despite the widespread violence they experience, this phenomenon has not been well studied among these nurses. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of Iranian nurses working in prehospital setting regarding workplace violence wit...

Introduction: After the psychiatric revolution and implementation of deinstitutionalization policies, caring for people with a mental health condition shifted from psychiatric hospitals to their families. In this way, family caregivers were forced to take full responsibility for taking care of the patients that lead to the occurrence of challenges...

Context: Pain management is one of the main clinical challenges that health-care jobs encounter with it. The nurses play a pivotal role in providing pediatric pain management. Aims: This study was conducted to determine nurses' strategies for managing pain in pediatric units in Iran. Settings and Design: This qualitative study was conducted with a...

Background: In care of brain-dead patients, nurses face several challenges. It is important to determine the context behind these challenges since they affect the performance of nurses and the organ donation process. Objective: To identify factors affecting the emergence of challenges related to the management of brain-dead patients by nurses in...

Background: The way people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and families address stigma has a significant role in their vulnerability to this distressing phenomenon. However, there is little knowledge about this issue in Middle Eastern countries. Purpose: Exploring the process of addressing stigma in people with schizophrenia spectrum disor...

Background: Since the deinstitutionalization policy, in psychiatric hospitals, the care of patients with schizophrenia was left to their families which has been imposing a heavy burden on them. Family caregiver burden could have consequences for caregivers, patients, and the society. There is very little consensus on the definition and dimensions...

BACKGROUND Background and Aims: Childbirth preparation courses are the most important educational components during pregnancy. There have been changes in the health-related educational approaches and an increase in the tendency of pregnant women to acquire information from online resources so far. OBJECTIVE the current study aimed to compare the e...

Aim To explore the experiences of Iranian nurses working in pre‐hospital emergency care services and the strategies used to manage of workplace violence. Background Pre‐hospital emergency nurses are subject to workplace violence; however little research addresses their experiences, particularly related to their strategies in dealing with workplace...

Background Despite the growing importance of spiritual care, the delivery of spiritual care is still an area of disagreement among healthcare providers. Objective To develop a grounded theory about spiritual care delivery based on Iranian nurses’ perceptions and experiences. A grounded theory approach A qualitative study using the grounded theory...

Background Transition means moving from one period to another and it is usually associated with significant changes in objectives, roles, and responsibilities. Considering the challenges of the psychiatric ward, psychiatric nurses experience numerous problems, especially at the early stages of their job engagement. This study aimed to examine the p...

Background Nurses have always been known as an advocate for the rights of patients. The recognition of what is perceived as the violation of patients’ rights can help nurses to understand patients’ concerns and priorities. Thus, it helps nurses play their supportive roles more effectively. Objective The aim of this study was to explore different d...

Background: Care quality improvement necessitates the identification and fulfillment of patients’ care needs. Yet, there is no comprehensive information about the care needs of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Objectives: The objective of this study was to analyze the concept of care needs in the Phase I of cardiac rehabilitation (CR)....

Background: The participation of all stakeholders is necessary when a community-based intervention is designed. For running a practical intervention, it is necessary to have a framework to design the programme while considering all stages of planning, implementation and evaluation. Aims: To describe a study protocol based on the MAPP process (Mo...

A woman’s decision to continue or terminate an unplanned pregnancy is affected by a broad range of contextual and cognitive factors. The identification of women’s perceptions of unplanned pregnancy is crucial for health care providers to be able to offer supportive care and counselling. The aim of this study was to develop an instrument to accurate...

Background Caring for patients with brain death diagnosis is the heaviest of duties for nurses, and, due to the complexities and stressors, it is the biggest challenge of nursing in an intensive care unit. Objective This qualitative research aimed to disclose the nurses’ experience of caring for brain-dead patients. Methods The present study was...

Background The meaning of coping, which can be affected by the nature and type of stress and by individuals’ background and culture, has not been studied in the context of specific stress conditions, such as kidney transplant. Aims The present study aims to explore the meaning of coping for kidney transplant recipients. Methods Purposeful samplin...

Drug administration is a fundamental, sensitive, and critical aspect of nursing care that requires skillful technique and regard for the developmental level and safety of the patient. The lack of sufficient attention to the correct principles of drug administration can lead to ethical and professional problems. The goal of this study is to explain...

The concept of nursing knowledge and development of its body has become more important along with growth in phenomenon of professionalism of nursing. Nursing as a profession should have a deep look at the creation of new knowledge to provide services to clients. The exploration of knowledge creation space in clinical setting may be is the first imp...

Background & Aim: Satisfaction with life in the aged care home is crucial because living in the aged care home affects all aspects of the resident’s life. Identifying the factors affecting the satisfaction of the older people can be the basis for strategic planning to facilitate their life in the aged care home. So, the purpose of this qualitative...

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore women's experiences of dealing with the complexities of an unplanned pregnancy. Design: Qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the reports of women experiencing unplanned pregnancy and provide meaning to the results. Setting: Participants from Tabriz, Iran were recruited using purposive...

Background: The available instruments for work-family conflict measurement are not specific to women. Objective: The current study was conducted to design and psychometrically evaluate a married women's work-family conflict questionnaire (MWWFCQ). Methods: This study consisted of two phases. The first phase was item generation and questionnaire des...

Background Humanistic nursing practice which is dominated by technological advancement, outcome measurement, reduced resources, and staff shortages is challenging in the present work environment. Objective To examine the main concern in humanistic nursing area and how the way it is solved and resolved by Iranian nurses in acute care setting. Rese...

Objectives Breastfeeding mothers returning to work undertake multiple conflicting roles at home and work that can result in high levels of stress. Exploring coping skills amongst these mothers can help in planning useful programmes to promote family wellbeing. This study aims to explore the experiences of working breastfeeding mothers and their cop...

Aim This study aimed to explore the experiences of stigma in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and their families. Methods This qualitative content analysis study was carried out in 2016–2017 in a psychiatric hospital in Tehran, Iran. A total of 16 patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and their families were chosen purposefu...

Background: One of the main issues regarding the management of chronic diseases is patients’ non-adherence to treatment regimens. An important factor affecting treatment adherence is social support. This qualitative study was aimed at exploring the role of perceived social support in adherence to treatment regimens among patients with chronic disea...

The nursing profession is focused on serving others and has high expectations that each member behaves professionally and ethically, as articulated in nursing codes of practice and conduct. Where these are not upheld, inappropriate and unprofessional workplace behaviors follow. Regrettably, unprofessional behavior is neither new nor constrained to...

Abstract Background: Emergency room functions as the heart of a hospital, and caring is the essence of nursing in any hospital. Objectives: This study conducted to illuminate the process of caring in an emergency ward based on experiences of nurses and patients. Methods: The theory of caring was extracted using the grounded theory design as a quali...

ABSTRACT Introduction: Due to the adverse effects of job stress on health of nurses and the importance of coping process of nurses in management of job stress, the present study was carried out with the aim of exploring the experiences of the nurses in order to reveal the original coping process of the nurses in the case of encountering occupation...

Background and objective Despite the numerous health benefits of regular physical activity (PA), physical inactivity is a major health issue among women. The goal of the current study was to measure the validity and reliability assessment of the exercise benefits/barriers scale among women between the ages of 18 and 65 years. This study was carried...

Introduction Governments and professional organizations have called for new partnerships between health care providers and academics to improve clinical education for the benefit of both students and patients. To develop a substantive grounded theory on the process of forming academic-service partnerships in implementing clinical education, from th...

This study was carried out to explore the sexual performance experiences of patients with an ostomy and their spouses. Determine the results of fertility in these patients is another goal of the study. Conventional content analysis approach with purposive sampling and unstructured interviews were utilized to collect data from 27 ostomy patients and...

Background: Despite the well-defined effects of sensory stimulation, the knowledge of the pure effects of affective stimulation is scarce. Objective: To evaluate the effects of family-centered affective stimulation on the level of consciousness among comatose patients with brain injuries. Design: This study was designed as a three-group double...

Background Born of a child with hearing loss is a stressful and unexpected experience for the parents. Understanding the experience of the mothers of children with hearing loss is a crucial to provide an appropriate care for this group of mothers. This study aimed to understand the concerns of the mothers who have a child with congenitally hearing...

Background Ostomy significantly alters one’s elimination pattern and can affect the individual in physiological, psychosocial and spiritual aspects. Over time, the ostomy patient’s experience changes and they develop coping strategies to handle the new reality. The aims of this study sought Iranian ostomy patients’ main problem, how they deal and t...

Abstract Background: An emergency department (ED) has multiple patients with a wide variety of conditions that receive care simultaneously. Objectives: This study aimed at exploring the meaning of emergency care at a hospital emergency department. Methods: A qualitative research design with content analysis method and purposeful sampling was used t...

The present study examined how infertile Iranian clients confront infertility. Research on infertility has confirmed the significance of a socio-cultural context in the formation of responses to infertility. This study used the grounded theory approach to explore the experiences of infertile individuals presenting at the Royan Institute in Iran fro...

Aim: Little knowledge is available about the experiences of the commissioning mothers during the process of surrogacy; thus, the present study was conducted in order to explore and analyze this process. Methods: This study was conducted in a referral institute in Tehran with a qualitative approach and using grounded theory methodology. The data...

Breastfeeding mothers returning to work often feel exhausted as they must feed on demand and attend to family and employment responsibilities, leading to concerns for their personal health. This study was prompted by a desire to understand and identify barriers to mothers' health. We describe the experiences of 12 Iranian breastfeeding and employed...

Cirrhotic patients are exposed to illness progression and life-threatening side effects. The nature of the disease, its incurability, limitations of liver transplantation, and the intensity of threatening conditions lead to psychological distress for the patients and change in their perception of the treatment. To provide holistic care, it is neces...

Background and Aim: Early detection can prevent one third of cancer deaths. Recent studies show the effectiveness of mass media in increasing awareness. This study aimed to evaluate a PMT-based media program for cancer early detection (CED). Methods: The media program included three parts, each 20 minutes long. A mixed-method study with embedded de...

Context: Children's pain in hospital settings has not yet been managed well. Although nurses play an important role in pain management, its extent is limited with respect to clinical nurses in Iran. Aims: This study was conducted to explore the experience of nurses' barriers to pain management in pediatric units. Settings and Design: This qualitati...

Aim: This study aimed to explore and describe the experience of making a healthy lifestyle change among the patients with chronic illness. Background: Despite the existence of different evidence on the critical role of lifestyle in the prevention and management of chronic diseases, many people face challenges in terms of starting and maintaining...

Aims and objectives: The study explored the psychosocial effects of transitioning from home to an aged care home for older Iranian people. Background: Moving from one's own home to a communal aged care home is challenging for older people and may give rise to numerous psychosocial responses. The extent and intensity of such changes have rarely b...

Because of the nature of sexual violence, using medical services by female victims is different from use of these services in other circumstance. Thus, this qualitative study was conducted using conventional content analysis to understand particular experiences of female victims of sexual violence of receiving medical services. In-depth non-structu...

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Priority of women's health will help to achieve fourth and fifth Goals of Millennium Development programs. Social capital is a retain and social factor affecting health. This qualitative study aimed to explore experiences of women and to determine the relationship between cooperation and subscription activity (as...

Nurses need to use complementary therapies in their clinical practice in order to fulfill community's needs. There are potential opportunities for using complementary therapies in different clinical settings. This study was done to explore nurses' perceptions of these opportunities in Iranian clinical settings. In this qualitative study, sampling w...

Introduction: Needlestick and sharps injuries (NSIs), are among the main job-related injuries that health care workers experience. In fact, contraction of hepatitis B or hepatitis C from work-related NSIs is one of the most common occupational hazards among health care workers. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the factors associated w...

Background: Social capital is a proposed social and contextual factor that affects health. Social capital is a combination of social networks and social cohesions developed in the given networks. In this conventional content analysis study, we explored the role of social networks in women’s health. Methods: Ten semi-structured, in-depth interviews...

Background: Smoking is a well-known public health problem in women as well as men. In many countries including Iran, there is an increase in tobacco use among women. Exploring the experience of smoking by educated women in order to develop effective tobacco prevention programs in these women is necessary. This study aimed to explore the experiences...

Background: As two of the most prominent cultural components, spirituality and religion give sense to our human values, conducts, and experiences. The spiritual dimension is one of the four significant aspects of holistic care. However, the diversity of views has resulted in different interpretations of the reality of spirituality and its origins a...

Background: Primary healthcare (PHC) providers play a major role in provision of public health in rural areas in Iran. They are considered as the key elements of health development in rural population. There is limited research on clarification of their experiences from provision of health services in their working conditions. This study aimed to...

Background Equity as a basic human right builds the foundation of all areas of primary healthcare, especially prenatal care. However, it is unclear how pregnant women and their care providers perceive the equitable prenatal care. Objective This study aimed to explore Iranian women’s and care providers’ perceptions of equitable prenatal care. Rese...

Background: Consideration of patient autonomy is an essential element in individualized, patient-centered, ethical care. Internal and external factors associated with patient autonomy are related to culture and it is not clear what they are in Iran. The aim of this study was to explore contextual factors affecting the autonomy of patients in Irani...

Stigma is one of the main problems of patients suffering from cirrhosis, and it causes many challenges for the patients and their treatment. The present study aimed to discover and define the perceived stigma by cirrhotic patients. This qualitative study was conducted through a content analysis approach. The participants were 15 patients suffering...

Background: The present study was conducted to examine the relationship between two dimensions of work-family conflict (WFC) with marital satisfaction and burnout in a society in which few studies have been done about the consequences of WFC. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015. Surveys were distributed to 420 employed married...