Edward Lynch

• PhD Lond MA BDS FDSRCSEd FIADFE FDSRCSLond FASDA
• Managing Director at University of Nevada, Las Vegas

This study aimed to assess the knowledge regarding impacts, causes and management of black triangles (BT) among participants from different educational backgrounds including dental students, dentists and laypeople. This descriptive cross-sectional observational research included 435 participants who comprised 4 groups: pre-clinical (3rd year) denta...

(1) Background: This five-year systematic review seeks to assess the impact of oral and peri-oral photobiomodulation therapies (PBMTs) on the adjunctive management of deeper tissue biofunction, pathologies related to pain and inflammatory disorders and post-surgical events. (2) Methods: The search engines PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Go...

This analytical cross-sectional study evaluated the perception of black triangles (BT) and examined the relationships between the perception of BT, personality factors, different educational backgrounds and demographic factors. 435 participants were included and divided into four groups: dentists, clinical (4th and 5th year) dental students, pre-cl...

Citation: Cronshaw, M.; Parker, S.; Grootveld, M.; Lynch, E. Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate photothermal aspects of photobiomodu-lation therapies (PBMT) in vitro to assist in the development of safe clinical parameters with respect to higher-power devices with large surface applicators. Laser wavelengths in the range of 650...

To assess the clinical periodontal status of abutment teeth in regards of different design components of distal-extension removable partial dentures. Subjects (N=100) with acrylic or cobalt-chromium distal-extension removable partial dentures were enrolled and their periodontal parameters plaque and gingival indices [PI, GI], probing depths [PD], c...

In a recent study conducted by Professor Chitta Chowdhury and his team on gene effect in fluorosis: No Association was Detected between Polymorphism of COL1A2 Genes and the Occurrence of Dental Fluorosis Among the Subjects Living in a Fluorosis-Endemic Area of India Further reading: https://www.sciencerepository.org/abstract?doi=10.31487/j.DOBCR.2...

Objectives: This longitudinal within subject controlled randomized observational investigation studied the impacts of three-sided sonic powered toothbrush versus conventional manual toothbrush on oral health and oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL), and assessed the relationship between personality factors and OHRQoL. Methods: 96 partici...

Background Stem cell therapy has been considered to play a paramount role in the treatment modalities available for regenerative dentistry. The established beneficial effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) at the cellular level have led to the combined use of these two factors (PBM and stem cells). The main goal of this study was firstly to critically...

RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar la retención del blanqueamiento dental, tanto objetiva como subjetiva, y la textura de las superficies dentales tratadas con una sola aplicación de un producto innovador que incorpora tanto un gel blanqueador como un sellador blanqueador. Material y métodos: se realizaron dos estudios, el primero fue un ensayo clínico de...

Objectives: To assess the development of halitosis in participants wearing new removable complete dentures (RCD). Method and materials: Seventy-five completely edentulous patients receiving RCD were recruited. Halitosis was assessed by means of FitScan Breath Checker on the day of denture insertion (T0), as well as after 1 month (T1), and after...

Objectives evaluate the efficacy of the Triple Bristles three-sided sonic powered toothbrush in plaque removal and its impact on tooth shade and gingival health, and to compare this with a conventional manual toothbrush. Methods 52 participants (26 males and 26 females; mean age(SD)=22.48(1.52), SE=.210, 95% CI=22.06–22.90) were recruited into thi...

Aim and objective: This manuscript aims to provide an overview of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic from dental perspectives, and presents standards and guidelines of dental care provision based on available research in this field as well as clinical experience and practice. Background: The current COVID-19 pandemic caused by the...

The aim of this controlled randomized crossover study was to assess post-treatment pain and the need for root canal treatment after the use of a traditional caries removal method followed by restoration, or after an ozone method of more conservatively managing the deep caries and a restoration. 84 participants (42 males and 42 females, mean age ± S...

Objective: To determine any genetic association of COL1A2 polymorphism and the occurrence of dental fluorosis within an Indian human dental fluorosis population. Material and Methods: Fifty-six (56) subjects from two groups i.e. cases with dental fluorosis from the Pavagada population (n=29) and a control group (n=27) without fluorosis, were explor...

Background: This cross-sectional observational study aimed to evaluate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related precautions to avoid COVID-19 infection, distress and behavioral changes, fears and concerns, and effects on opinions and beliefs among participants from different backgrounds and also to identify the relationships between personality...

Background: During in-office bleaching, appropriate light sources are applied in order to enhance the activity of the bleaching gels applied onto teeth. For this method to be effective, a high absorption of light within the gel is necessary. Variation in the light attenuation capability of the gel, the duration of application and light activation...

It is a common experience amongst laser dentists and patients that mid-IR wavelength application in cavity preparation may be achieved without causing any associated pain. The erbium family of lasers (Er,Cr:YSGG 2780 nm and Er:YAG 2940 nm) are frequently used without employing injectable local anesthesia as an adjunct: the phenomenon arising from t...

Objective: To explore via systematic review the validation of uneventful post-surgical healing, associated with shorter and longer laser wavelength applications in minor oral surgery procedures. Methods: From April 28 to May 11, 2020, PubMed, Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews, and Google Scholar search engines were applied to identify human cl...

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials examines a possible relationship between optical spot size at surface tissue, irradiance, radiant exposure, total energy delivered, operator technique and reported clinical outcomes. Background: Clinical photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy has achieved a h...

Objectives: To evaluate masking effects of resin infiltration on labial white spot lesions (WSL), by comparing the latter with a remineralization approach (using hydroxyapatite and fluorides) and conventional oral care (using fluoride-free toothpaste). Method and materials: Fifteen patients with at least three WSL were enrolled for a within-person...

Background: Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been proposed as an effective alternative method for the adjunctive treatment of all classes of oral infections. The multifactorial nature of its mechanism of action correlates with various influencing factors, involving parameters concerning both the photosensitizer and the light delivery...

(1) Background: dental lasers have numerous applications for periodontal therapy which include surgical procedures of soft tissue and osseous structures, and non-surgical treatments such as pathogen reduction, removal of surface accretions, and photobiomodulation. The aim of this review was to evaluate the scientific literature to ascertain whether...

Peroxides present in oral healthcare products generally exert favourable protective activities against the development and progression of tooth decay, plaque, gingivitis, and halitosis, etc. However, despite the high level of research focus on hydrogen and carbamide peroxides as therapeutically active (and tooth-whitening) agents, to date the use o...

Background The idea that hilly areas have a high background radiation which in turn is linked to dental fluorosis is widely held by many in India. There is little evidence to confirm this. Objective The study aimed to investigate the level of environmental radionuclide in order to determine any interrelationship between radionuclide and dental flu...

Objectives: To evaluate masking effects of resin infiltration on labial white spot lesions (WSL), by comparing the latter with a remineralization approach (using hydroxyapatite and fluorides) and conventional oral care (using fluoride-free toothpaste). Method and materials: Fifteen patients with at least three WSL were enrolled for a within-pers...

The study aims to investigate dental anxiety in first- and final-year undergraduate dental students in India. Questionnaire Study Setting: BDS Students in four University dental colleges in India carried-out during 2013 and 2014. The students (n = 614) were assessed using a pre-tested questionnaire. We estimated the level of dental anxiety by using...

Abstract Introduction: Understanding the fundamentals of laser light, the optical properties of biological tissues, and light-tissue interaction, is essential for all health professionals wishing to work with lasers. Aim: We will present some important factors that directly or indirectly affect the interaction of light with tissues. Method: We wil...

Purpose: We aim to elucidate the scientific fundamentals behind biophotonics, to empower laser users in health care, with the basic knowledge of this fast-growing biotechnology field. Method: We will present and discuss relevant aspects of biophotonics, utilizing scientific sources and publications that range from concepts of basic physics to optic...

Aim: To evaluate the impact in terms of the benefit of adjunctive photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy associated with laser and LED irradiance on the management of periodontitis. Background: The pathogenesis of periodontitis has been well represented in peer-reviewed publications and is accepted as a complex interaction of multiple factorial agents. T...

Objectives: The purpose of this article was to review the fluoride release and uptake ability of some restorative materials which are used for minimally invasive procedures. Methods: The literature search on published researches and review articles were carried out by using PubMed, Trip and Cochrane library databases. The search terms used were...

Background: The antibacterial property of new atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) materials incorporated with Azadirachta indica (Neem) on Streptococcus mutans was carried out. Materials and methods: The study was carried out by using the agar diffusion method to determine the antibacterial property of ART materials (ART-I and ART-II). The zo...

Dental pain management, by conventional means, involves the use of various drugs often in combination with surgical intervention. As clinicians, we are often either suppressing pain via the inhibition of pain pathways by administering various classes of peripheral or centrally mediated analgesics. Alternatively, we may induce a temporary nerve bloc...

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationships between oral health behaviour and personality profiles among dental students. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred six consecutive (pre-)clinical dental students (58 females and 48 males) were recruited for this observational study. Participants' oral health behaviour was evalu...

Background: The mutagenicity potential of a new atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) material against Salmonella typhimurium without metabolic activity using the Ames test (genotoxicity) was carried out. Methods and materials: The potential mutagenicity of new atraumatic restorative treatment materials (ART-I and ART-II) was analyzed using the...

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of in-office tooth bleaching following application of either ozone (O3) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Method and materials: 32 participants were randomly distributed into two groups (n = 16 each). Participants' maxillary anterior teeth were treated with ozone (produced via a healOzone X4 device; Curozone) for 6...

Purpose: The objective of this study was to quantify and assess the concentrations of fluoride in commonly used oral care products, fruit juices, bottled waters, soft drinks, favoured bottled milk and milkshakes and to determine the pH of carbonated sweet drinks and drinks marketed in India. Materials and methods: Various commercial brands of de...

Background: The objective of the study was to estimate the fluoride content in regular food items available, including fish, in a coastal area of the South Karnataka state of India. Materials and methods: Fish and food samples were collected from a local market, i.e., Deralakatte, Mangalore of Karnataka State, India. Commonly consumed different...

The clinical efficacy regarding bleaching sensitivity and tooth shade lightening using a standard hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) bleaching gel was compared with the additional use of ozone either before or after application of H2O2. Using computer-generated tables, 45 participants were randomly allocated into three groups (n = 15 each) in this investigat...

Objective: To compare the efficacy of tooth bleaching after using ozone, before and after application of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Method and materials: In total, 120 extracted teeth were assigned to three groups (n = 40 in each group). Teeth were bleached using 38% H2O2 application for 20 minutes followed by use of the ozone (delivered by means...

Objective: To assess possible associations between torus palatinus (TP), torus mandibularis (TM), occlusal force (OF), Klemetti's classes, mandibular cortical index (MCI), and sociodemographic variables in a selected sample of Jordanians. Previous studies have suggested that oral tori are benign anatomical variations probably related to several fa...

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate heat generation at the implant surface caused by abutment preparation using a diamond bur in a high-speed dental turbine in vitro at 2 different water-coolant temperatures. Materials and methods: Thirty-two titanium-alloy abutments were connected to a titanium-alloy implant embedded in an acryli...

Objectives . This article presents a review on the concerned topics and some considerations related to the concept of splinting teeth and implants in the rehabilitation of partial edentulism. Study Selection . An electronic PubMed/MEDLINE and manual search of identified articles and reviews as well as clinical, laboratory, and finite element studie...

Statement of problem: Whether polymerization lights can be used for heating glass ionomer cements (GICs) or glass carbomer (GCP) to improve their mechanical properties is not well established. Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to assess the effect of thermo-light polymerization on the flexural strength (FS) of 2 GICs (Fuji IX GP Fa...

Purpose: To compare the efficacy of using ozone versus hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for tooth bleaching. Methods: 90 extracted teeth were allocated into two groups. Teeth in Group 1 (n= 45) were exposed to ozone for 60 seconds; ozone was produced by healOzone x4 machine (healOzone x4), and was applied to teeth through special disposable silicone cup...

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of time on masticatory efficiency and muscular activity during mastication of different types of test foods in participants fitted with a lower bilateral free-end saddle removable partial denture (RPD) with wide or narrow teeth. Methods: Thirty-six participants consented to undergo evaluation of their masticato...

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of bleaching after combining ozone and 38% H2O2 in comparison to the sole use of 38% H2O2. Methods: Consecutive 26 participants (13 males and 13 females) were recruited into this study. They were randomly allocated into 2 groups (n=13 for each group). In group 1 (test group); t...

Statement of problem The loss of posterior teeth has a negative effect on the masticatory efficiency and activity of mastication muscles. How these muscles are affected by partial removable dental prostheses (PRDPs) with different cusp angles is unknown. Purpose The purpose of this clinical study was to evaluate the influence of different cusp ang...

This study aimed to evaluate the use of ozone to treat recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). Consecutive sixty-nine participants with RAS were recruited into this non-randomized double blind, controlled cohort observational study (test group). A control group of 69 RAS patients who matched test group with age and gender was recruited. RAS lesions in...

Influence of Thermo-Light Curing with Dental Light-Curing Units on the Microhardness of Glass-Ionomer Cements The purpose of this study was to verify for various glass-ionomer cement (GIC) products whether the application of thermo-light curing on the initial curing material produces an increase in microhardness, and to determine whether this hardn...

The purpose of this study was to verify for various glass-ionomer cement (GIC) products whether the application of thermo-light curing on the initial curing material produces an increase in microhardness, and to determine whether this hardness varies depending on the depths of the GIC samples. The efficacy of various polymerization units on this ad...

Objectives: (1) To estimate the concentrations of fluoride in drinking water throughout different zones and districts of the state of Karnataka. (2) To investigate the variation of fluoride concentration in drinking water from different sources, and its relationships to daily temperature and rainfall status in the regional districts. (3) To develo...

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of tooth bleaching using ozone after hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in comparison to the use of H2O2 alone. Methods: 70 extracted teeth were randomly distributed into two groups. Teeth surfaces in group 1 (n=35) were treated using 38% H2O2 and then were exposed to ozone for 60seconds and this ozonated peroxide mixt...

Objectives: To evaluate teeth preparation designs for metal-ceramic crowns in private dental practice in Jordan. Materials and methods: One-hundred and seventy two dies were included. Different aspects of tooth preparations were quantified, analyzed and compared with the recommended guidelines. Results: Almost 64% of preparations finish lines...

This in-vitro study aimed at evaluating the effect of three debonding sequences on the shear bond strength (SBS) of new stainless steel (SS) brackets. Stainless steel twin brackets (0.022-inch, American Orthodontics, Sheboygan, WI, USA) were bonded with light cure adhesive (Transbond XT, 3M Unitek, St. Paul, MN, USA) to 80 newly extracted human pre...

Objectives: This study aimed to clinically quantify the apicoincisal height of the upper interproximal areas directly in patients' mouths compared to measurements on stone models. Subjects and methods: One hundred and fifty participants (75 females and 75 males, age range 20-45 years) were recruited for this study. A digital caliper was used to...

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of eugenol-based and resin-based endodontic sealers on the push-out bond strengths of prefabricated fiber posts luted with different resin cements. Method and materials: Ninety prefabricated fiber posts were luted into extracted singlerooted teeth with one of three resin cements (Var...

Fluorosis status: Among the groups (who are from relatively well-off families) only less than one percent students are free from Dental Fluorosis. Therefore, almost each of students has developed dental fluorosis, although all of them drink de-fluoridated water- claimed by the students. Again the students in a government school in a urban localit...

Objective: Was to evaluate the difference of the sealing between implants with laboratory abutments and implants with customised abutments fabricated by the same implant manufacturer. Method: 20 Euroteknika Naturactis implants were divided into 2 groups; -Group A: 10 implants fitted with 10 screwed customized abutments -Group B: 10 implan...

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between skin color (shade) and tooth shade under standard and nonstandard illumination sources. Materials and methods: Four hundred Jordanian participants (200 males, 200 females, 20 to 50 years of age) were studied. Skin colors were assessed and categorized using the L'Oreal and...

BackgroundRAS may affect quality of life and impacts oral health and daily activities; consequently, psychological factors, dental needs and patients’ perceptions. Professionals should understand this relation to adequately manage oral ulcers. This study aimed at investigating the relationship between oral health impacts, oral health-related qualit...

Purpose: To assess the effect of airborne particle abrasion of metal implant abutments on tensile bond strength (TBS) of TempBond, Retrieve, and Premier implant cements. Materials and methods: Specimens were designed to replicate a single metal implant crown cemented to both smooth and airborne particle-abraded Osteo-Ti implant abutments with ze...

Glass Carbomer® is a new generation of restorative material developed from glass-ionomer cements with possiblity of gradual mineralization into fluorapatite. The aim of this clinical trial was to investigate the retention of Glass Carbomer® fissure sealant after 12 months, in comparison to a commonly used conventional resin-based sealant. Forty-eig...

Objectives: To pilot assess triage as a cost effective and safe method of ensuring emergencies are seen in regards to clinical need and not in the time in which they arrive in Kings’ College Dental Hospital (London). Methods: Dental nurses underwent a period of training and calibration to triage patients presenting to the primary/acute dental care...

To assess removable denture patient awareness, expectations, and source of information about dental implants (DIs). Three hundred patients [150 removable partial denture (RPD) wearers and 150 complete denture wearers (CDWs)] attended the removable prosthodontic clinic at Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology. Patients we...

To assess the reliability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for detection of esophageal cancer in the Levrat model of end-to-side esophagojejunostomy. The Levrat model has proven utility in terms of its ability to replicate Barrett's carcinogenesis by inducing gastroduodenoesophageal reflux (GDER). Due to lack of data on the utility of non-invasi...

PurposeTo assess removable denture patient awareness, expectations, and source of information about dental implants (DIs). Materials and Methods Three hundred patients [150 removable partial denture (RPD) wearers and 150 complete denture wearers (CDWs)] attended the removable prosthodontic clinic at Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Scienc...

Bite force is a significant component of chewing and masticatory function. The literature lacks studies that compare bite force values of implant-supported fixed bridges to natural dentition within same subjects. The objective of the study was to assess maximum occlusal bite force (MBF) among patients with an implant-supported fixed prosthesis and...

Objective: Glass Carbomer® with nanofluor/hydroxyapatite represents a new generation of restorative materials developed from glass with an enhanced remineralisation power. The aim of this clinical trial was to investigate the retention of a Glass Carbomer fissure sealant after 12 months, in comparison to a commonly used conventional resin-based sea...

The book details the examination and assessment of health status among tobacco addicts in order to assess their risk of morbidity and mortality through cancer and cardio-vascular disease. It also contains instructions on the setting up of, monitoring and follow-up schedules for clinicians and allied health professionals involved in nicotine replace...

• There are recognised bi-directional associations between poor oral health and type 1 and 2 diabetes. • An emerging consensus has identified low levels of patient and professional awareness as a problem. • Oral health is not currently covered in diabetes education programmes or as part of self-management education in primary care. • Primary care s...

Abstract Nanoparticles (NPs) are insoluble particles smaller than 100 nm in size. In order to prevent microbial adhesion or enamel demineralization in orthodontic therapy, two broad strategies have been used. These are incorporating certain NPs into orthodontic adhesives/cements or acrylic resins (nanofillers, silver, TiO2, SiO2, hydroxyapatite, fl...

Background/purpose There is limited information in the literature regarding the effect of different luting agents on the bond strength of zirconium oxide (ZrO2) copings to prepared crown. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the ability of different luting agents to retain ZrO2 copings on prepared crowns under laboratory conditions. Mate...

Objectives This study aimed to quantify tooth wear in upper anterior teeth using a new CAD-CAM Laser scanning machine, tool maker microscope and conventional tooth wear index. Methods Fifty participants (25 males and 25 females, mean age = 25 ± 4 years) were assessed for incisal tooth wear of upper anterior teeth using Smith and Knight clinical to...

Purpose: This double-blind randomized controlled trial assessed the effect of subgingival ozone (O3, gaseous ozone, HealOzone MK II, KaVo) and/or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on the development of peri-implant mucositis. Materials and methods: Twenty subjects (mean age, 60 ± 7.7 years) with 80 implants (4 implants each) were recruited. First, a 2-we...

Objectives: To study the effect of benzocaine mucoadhesive patches (20%) on orthodontic pain caused by elastomeric separators. Subjects and methods: A split-mouth design was used in 30 patients (12 female, 18 male, aged 23 ± 3.75 years). They were instructed to apply benzocaine and placebo patches randomly for right or left first permanent molar...

The appropriate convergence angle (CA) for adequate retention and resistance of cast crowns has always been a matter of research and discussion. The purpose of this study was to measure the CA of tooth preparation for single crown (SC) or as abutments for fixed partial denture (FPD) carried out by final-year undergraduate dental students at the Col...

The purpose of this study was to determine the possible effects of the veneering porcelain thickness, and of repeated firing on the final shade of IPS e.max Press. Sixty disc-shaped IPS e.max Press specimens were fabricated and divided into 6groups according to shade (A2, C2) and porcelain thickness (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mm). Repeated firing (3, 5 and...

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the effect of water flow rate on the heat transmission in implants during abutment preparation using a diamond bur in a high-speed dental turbine. Materials and Methods Titanium-alloy abutments (n =32) were connected to a titanium-alloy implant embedded in an acrylic resin within a water bath at a controlled temperatur...

Purpose: There is limited information in the literature regarding the effect of different endodontic sealers on the bond strength of fiber posts luted with core buildup materials. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of three different root canal sealers on the retentive strength of prefabricated fiber posts luted with a composite...

Objective: In dentistry ozone has been used in both its gaseous and aqueous forms in a variety of clinical situations. The transcription factor NF-kB is thought to be of paramount importance in the regulation of periodontal and periapical inflammatory reactions and the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Initiation and progression of these disease p...

Objectives To investigate dental impacts on daily living and satisfaction with removable complete and partial prosthodontic rehabilitations, and to identify their relationship with personality profiles. Methods: Sixty-eight patients (38 males and 30 females; mean age = 53.2 ± 11.8years) received removable prostheses (32 complete dentures and 36 rem...

Objective: Oral bisphosphonates (OBP) inhibit bone resorption and are used for the treatment of osteoporosis. The use of bisphosphonates is linked with the development of BRONJ (Bisphosphonate Related Osteo-Necrosis of the Jaw) following Oral surgery, including the placement of dental implants. Implants are contraindicated in patients prescribed in...

Objective: To explore variations in analgesic usage peri-operatively for patients undergoing dental implant related surgery and gather data on circumstances under which implant surgeons prefer to prescribe various drugs. To also gather data on the rationale for drug usage for implant patients. Method: University of Warwick Bio-Medical Research Ethi...

Objectives To investigate the prevalence of dry mouth in a select sample of edentulous Jordanian older population wearing complete dentures and to evaluate its impact on oral functions. Background The prevalence and impact of Xerostomia as a cofactor in causing denture problems in Jordanians have not been previously investigated. Materials and meth...

Background: A multicomponent evaluation of the oxidative consumption of salivary biomolecules by a tooth-whitening oral rinse preparation has been performed using high-resolution proton ((1)H) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Methods: Unstimulated human saliva samples (n = 12) were treated with aliquots of the oral rinse tested and...

Volatile Sulphur Compounds (VSCs) can be produced by the action of the oral flora on sulphur containing protein residues. The detection of these VSCs strongly contributes to the perception of oral malodour. This socially distressing condition has been reported by some authors as having a prevalence of up to fifty percent. VSCs can be detected by po...

The ability of a thermal diffusion system (TDS) to promote the tooth-whitening actions of a bleaching gel/bleaching activator combination product (containing a final hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) content of 10.0% (w/v)) towards discoloured 'smile-zone' teeth was examined. Fifty teeth in 15 participants aged 18-62 years were investigated. The CIE too...

High-resolution (1)H NMR spectroscopy demonstrated that addition of Co(II) ions to isolated human salivary supernatants (HSSs) gave rise to its complexation by a variety of biomolecules. The relative efficacies of these complexants/chelators in this context were classifiable by the influence of added Co(II) on their line-widths and chemical shift v...

The aim of this study was to investigate the psychological profiles of patients with recurrent aphthous ulcers (RAUs). 50 patients (27 men and 23 women, mean age 31.44±9.95 years) with diagnosed RAUs participated in this study. 50 controls who matched the patients in age and gender were also recruited. The participants' personality and psychologica...

Volatile Sulphur Compounds (VSCs) can be produced by the action of the oral flora on sulphur containing protein residues. The detection of these VSCs contributes to the perception of oral malodour. This socially distressing condition has been reported by some authors as having a prevalence of up to fifty percent. VSCs can be detected by portable su...

In view of its potent microbicidal actions, ozone (O 3) offers much potential for application as a therapeutic agent in oral health, e.g. in the treatment of dental caries. This oxidant is extremely reactive towards biomolecules present in the oral environment, and in this study we have employed high-resolution proton (1 H) nuclear magnetic resonan...

The masseter, temporalis and internal and external pterygoids are the muscles responsible for mastication. They are either elevators (first 3) or guiding muscles (the 4th). When chewing, these muscles provoke an external loading which makes the mandible move, through sagittal bending, corpus rotation and transverse bending. • Studies have shown tha...