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Introduction
Shade canopy design and management in cocoa and coffee agroforestry systems. Trees on farms, farm timber and managemento of naturally regenrated tree species.
Publications
Publications (297)
Agroforestry systems can potentially increase tree diversity within agricultural landscapes, but to date, there is little understanding of the patterns of shade plant diversity within different agroforestry systems (AFS) at large spatial scales. Using compiled plant inventory data (from 23 sources, 2517 plots, and 148,255 individuals) encompassing...
An estimated 3.41 million hectares of cocoa and 8.08 million hectares of coffee are cultivated under shade trees i.e. in agroforestry systems. Shade canopies are usually characterized in terms of tree density (N, trees ha-1), tree basal area (G, m2 ha-1) and percent canopy cover (%C). This article shows that these variables have cross-compensation...
Biodiversity decline in the tropics requires the implementation of comprehensive landscape management where agricultural systems are necessarily an integral element of biodiversity conservation. This study evaluates the potential for taxonomic biodiversity conservation within an intensive livestock-agricultural-forest mosaic landscape in Catacamas,...
Shade trees in coffee and cocoa agroforestry systems provide valuable livelihoods and other ecosystem services. Unfortunately, most shade canopies are sub-optimally designed and managed and the reasons behind this sub-optimality are poorly known. There is evidence, however, indicating that farmers and extension agents lack both the knowledge and ac...
CONTEXT
The maintenance of rejuvenated, productive plant tissue through regular and frequent pruning is essential to sustain high and stable coffee yields. Different coffee pruning systems have been described by means of well-written descriptions, and ingenious drawings and graphs. The mathematical representation of coffee pruning systems has never...
Forests, trees, and agroforestry (FTA) are ecosystem hotspots. They exemplify the contributions of biodiversity to sustainable and resilient landscapes, green circular economy and to sustainable agriculture and food systems for healthy diets. However, most research on these topics have been performed separately and lack comparison. The Internationa...
El proyecto Trees on Farms ejecutado por el CATIE, identificó la necesidad de crear
una herramienta conceptual y operativa que permita la clasificación automática de la
cobertura arbórea en paisajes productivos, dándose énfasis a las cercas vivas como
elementos de conexión, las cuales favorecen la conectividad ecológica de especies
de aves, y estim...
Tree biomass allometric models are essential to estimate biomass, carbon sequestration and nutrient cycling in cacao agroforestry systems and other land uses with woody perennial species. A total of 34 trees of Cordia alliodora, 74 trees of Theobroma cacao and 38 trees of eight fruit species (Inga spp., Citrus aurantifolia, C. sinensis, Spondias mo...
El artículo evalúa la biodiversidad de árboles en un paisajes ganadero en el departamento de Catacamas, Honduras, a través del muestreo de diferentes elementos en el paisaje: bosques naturales, cercas vivas, sistemas agroforestales y árboles dispersos en fincas productivas.
The CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees and Agroforestry (FTA), created in 2011, is the world’s largest research for development program focused on the role of forests, trees and agroforestry for sustainable development, food security and climate action. At the heart of the program is the vision that forests, trees and agroforestry, when adequ...
Biodiversity decline in the tropics requires the implementation of comprehensive landscape management where agricultural systems are necessarily an integral element of biodiversity conservation. This study evaluates the potential for biodiversity conservation within an intensive livestock-agricultural-forest mosaic landscape in Catacamas, Honduras....
TreesOnFarms Analyzer, versión 1.0, es una aplicación de software para analizar y extraer
información de coberturas vegetales en ortomosaicos y modelos de elevación digital,
a través de una interfaz web, de forma sencilla y ágil. Sus funcionalidades incluyen el cálculo de índices de vegetación RGB, extracción de modelos de alturas de la cobertura,...
Cocoa-based agroforestry systems are assets whose productivity declines with age, affecting the livelihood of millions of farmers worldwide, contributing to deforestation, carbon emission, and biodiversity loss. The optimal time for Renovation and Rehabilitation (R&R) has always eluded agronomists and producers. Under this motivation, a theoretical...
En esta guía se presenta el uso de la herramienta de software eCognition de la empresa Trimble® para el análisis de coberturas vegetales en sistemas agroforestales. A través de una guía tutorial se explica el proceso de segmentación y clasificación supervisada en categorías objetivas, así como los procesos para acondicionar los resultados y exporta...
Humanity is facing a rapid decline in global biodiversity, caused mainly by tropical deforestation through industrial and smallholder agriculture. However, smallholder agriculture landscapes host areas containing home gardens and other agroforestry systems (AFS) proved highly relevant for soil and biodiversity conservation. The positive interaction...
A bstract
Cocoa farmers must decide on whether to rehabilitate (Rh) or to renovate (Re) a cocoa orchard when its productivity declines due to ageing, disease outbreaks or other causes. Deciding on Rh/Re is often a complex, expensive and conflictive process.
In this review, we (1) explore the diversity of contexts, driving forces, stakeholders and r...
Los cafetales son de gran importancia cultural y económica en la República Dominicana, a pesar de que la mayoría de los productores los manejan de forma laxa y empírica. Es imprescindible tecnificar los cafetales, optimizarlos y mejorar su rentabilidad. Los sistemas agroforestales de café usados en el país son clave en la rentabilidad y en la resil...
In Latin America, the cultivation of Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) plays a critical role in rural livelihoods, biodiversity conservation, and sustainable development. Over the last 20 years, coffee farms and landscapes across the region have undergone rapid and profound biophysical changes in response to low coffee prices, changing climatic condi...
En este informe se captura el amplio conocimiento de los especialistas y agentes de extensión del Instituto Dominicano del Café (antes CODOCAFÉ, hoy INDOCAFE) para describir las actividades de manejo, el uso de insumos y mano de obra, los costos de los insumos y los rendimientos y precios del café y de los productos arbóreos del dosel de sombra de...
A finales de los años 1990 el CATIE, con apoyo de varias instituciones, inició una red de ensayos de largo plazo en sistemas agroforestales con café. Los vacíos de información sobre las interacciones agroecológicas en sistemas con diferentes enfoques de producción a largo plazo, sumados a la urgente necesidad de asegurar sostenibilidad y restauraci...
En este manual se describen de forma escrita, gráfica y matemática siete diferentes tipos de podas de café derivados de experiencia de manejo e investigación aplicada en Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador, Guatemala, México y la República Dominicana.
Cocoa cultivation is labeled as a driver of both deforestation and reforestation, yet the extent of the phenomena varies at farm and landscape level and as a response to national and local contexts. In this study, we documented the main pathways and contexts behind cocoa cultivation in two sites with different histories of cocoa cultivation. We com...
The outbreak of frosty (Moniliophthora roreri) and black pod (Phytophthora palmivora) in Central American cacao agroforests throughout the 1980s led to the breeding of Theobroma cacao clones resistant to these diseases. However, while clonal disease resistance has been well-documented, clonal adaptability to contrasting pedoclimates remains less un...
En este estudio de 400 cafetales de la República Dominicana se determinaron las principales características de los cafetales, los tamaños típicos de las plantaciones, las variedades de café más cultivadas, la composición botánica y productiva del dosel de sombra, la producción y destino de los productos agroforestales y las preferencias de los prod...
Forest, trees and agroforestry are crucial for adaptation to climate change in two ways that make the sector unique. First, forests and trees are already affected by climate change, and their resilience to climate impacts is a prerequisite for forest and ecosystem health and the provision of ecosystem services, including carbon sequestration. Secon...
The suitability and profitability of coffee cultivation in Central America are at risk due to pest and disease outbreaks, price fluctuations and climate change. Proper shading is claimed to be one of the most promising practices to seek sustainability and better adapt coffee cultivation to climate change in marginal areas. This study recorded and c...
COVID-19 has exposed the vulnerability of our economies to shocks, and it has laid bare deep inequalities in our society that threaten to derail the Sustainable Development Goals. Governments around the world are looking for recovery options that deliver new jobs and businesses. Few sectors link job creation so closely to sustainable green producti...
[Introducción]: En las regiones secas de Centroamérica, los ganaderos llevan su hato a los bosques de sus fincas durante la temporada seca, pero se sabe poco sobre esta práctica. [Objetivo]: Determinar la frecuencia de esta práctica, y cómo se ajusta al manejo de fincas. [Metodología]: Se administraron 43 entrevistas semiestructuradas a ganaderos d...
Vulnerability to habitat fragmentation
Habitat fragmentation caused by human activities has consequences for the distribution and movement of organisms. Betts et al. present a global analysis of how exposure to habitat fragmentation affects the composition of ecological communities (see the Perspective by Hargreaves). In a dataset consisting of 448...
In this report, we present the main findings of a long-term study evaluating the survival and growth performance of twelve timber species established in linear plantations in small-farms in Costa Rica and Panamá.
Esta es una comunicación elaborada en el marco del Programa Centroamericano de Gestión Integral de la Roya del Café, dirigida a técnicos y público en general para explicar sobre el tema de la "pérdida de resistencia a la roya" de híbridos F1 de café, explicar qué es lo que está pasando realmente, y exponer cuáles deberían ser las estrategias en el...
Bromeliads are common plants in the Neotropics. Being epiphytic, they are often incorrectly considered as parasites and removed from agroforestry systems. However, their water-filled leaf axils provide habitats for a diverse group of aquatic organisms, potentially including cacao pollinating dipterans which could be beneficial to local farmers. Thu...
Coffee and cocoa cultivation pathways to reduce deforestation and increase tree cover.
Cocoa-based agroforestry (AF) systems are a conspicuous element of agricultural landscapes worldwide. Shade canopy analysis and design is a key component of crop husbandry, and requires a good understanding of the interactions, synergies and trade-offs between shade, yield and environmental services. In this chapter we provide a guide and some prin...
La región de Centroamérica cubre una superficie de 524.000 km2, de los cuales 181.000
km2 (el 35%) corresponden a lo que se denomina “Corredor Seco Centroamericano”. En la región viven aproximadamente 26 millones de personas, más de la mitad de ellas en el área rural, que se caracteriza por un alto índice de pobreza y una agricultura de subsistenci...
CIRAD, CATIE, PROMECAFE, CABI, BIOVERSITY Intl, ICRAF e INCAE crearon en 2007 el PCP. El fin del PCP es unir esfuerzos en la búsqueda de recursos para: desarrollar investigaciones y enseñanza (pre y posgrado) sobre agroforestería, incrementar la capacidad de cada institución para desarrollar proyectos agroforestales, y favorecer la comunicación ent...
Background. The species–area relationship (SAR) is one of the most fundamental tools in ecology and nowadays it has also become a tool for sustainable management and conservation. Little has been evaluated to elucidate the best SAR models that explain and predict tree species richness (S) appropriate for productive landscapes. Trees on farms are pr...
Article available at http://www.tandfonline.com/eprint/mhV6yaZZ3yujQZQb273S/full
This study sought to identify agroforestry systems with coffee that simultaneously generate financial profits, provide goods for family consumption, and store significant amounts of carbon in aboveground biomass. We studied 27 coffee plantations in Nicaragua, grouped...
The PREDICTS project—Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems (www.predicts.org.uk)—has collated from published studies a large, reasonably representative database of comparable samples of biodiversity from multiple sites that differ in the nature or intensity of human impacts relating to land use. We have used t...
The PREDICTS project—Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems (www.predicts.org.uk)—has collated from published studies a large, reasonably representative database of comparable samples of biodiversity from multiple sites that differ in the nature or intensity of human impacts relating to land use. We have used t...
The PREDICTS project—Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems (www.predicts.org.uk)—has collated from published studies a large, reasonably representative database of comparable samples of biodiversity from multiple sites that differ in the nature or intensity of human impacts relating to land use. We have used t...
Trees-on-Farms (TonF) are ubiquitous. Farmers obtain numerous goods and services from their trees, which help them to cope with their livelihood needs and contingencies, climate change, and other stresses. Some benefits from trees on farms are extensive to the global society. Decision and policy makers as well as development leaders are not conscio...
Fragmentation and habitat loss contribute considerably to global declines of amphibians and reptiles. However, few studies focus on forest edges, created during the fragmentation process, as proximate drivers of the local demographic structure of populations. Here, we use abundance data of amphibians and reptiles to study their responses to forest...
The area known as the ‘Zona de Pueblos’ (‘Land of the Small Towns’), located in the Nicaraguan departments of Masaya, Managua and Carazo, stretches across 10 municipalities (Catarina, El Crucero, La Concepción, Managua, Masatepe, Masaya, Nandasmo, San Juan de Oriente, San Marcos and Ticuantepe). It is the main region for production of traditional f...
The combination of social and ecological factors determines people’s vulnerability to climate change (CC) and options for climate smart agriculture. This study uses the tree cover transition curve framework (TTC that links reforestation stages of landscapes to a preceding deforestation process), to understand how adaptive capacity and perception on...
En este capítulo analizamos la producción de madera en sistemas agroforestales (SAF) con café, cacao y ganadería en América Central. Se compiló y sintetizó la información disponible para Centroamérica sobre árboles en potreros, plantaciones de café y de cacao, incluyendo las listas de las especies maderables más abundantes y representativas, de sus...
Los países de América Latina y el Caribe participan activamente de los esfuerzos globales
para reducir pobreza e inequidades execrables, conservar la biodiversidad, enfrentar las causas y consecuencias del cambio climático, así como para luchar contra el aumento de los gases de efecto invernadero (GEI), la degradación de las tierras y el avance de...
En este estudio de línea de base del Proyecto Cacao Centroamérica (PCC) se entrevistaron y evaluaron las fincas de 1500 familias cacaoteras en seis países de la región (Panamá, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, Guatemala, Belice), a razón de 250 familias por país. El estudio abarcó ocho grandes temas: 1) la caracterización biofísica y política de lo...
intRoducción Cuando se publicaron las dos ediciones del libro sobre sistemas agroforestales producido por la OTS y el CATIE (Montagnini et al. 1986 y 1992) el énfasis era mostrar cómo los sistemas agrofo-restales podían ser alternativas viables de producción, aumentando la sostenibilidad, mejorando los suelos y favoreciendo a los pequeños agriculto...
Biodiversity continues to decline in the face of increasing anthropogenic pressures such as habitat destruction, exploitation, pollution and introduction of alien species. Existing global databases of species’ threat status or population time series are dominated by charismatic species. The collation of datasets with broad taxonomic and biogeograph...
Research published in this special issue on cocoa agroforestry illustrates the multifunctional role of shade trees for sustaining cocoa production and improving farmers’ livelihoods, and addresses tradeoffs between higher cocoa yield and the provision of ecosystem services to local households and global society. Indeed, the use of diverse shade in...
In the humid tropics, the rapid rate of deforestation has resulted in a race to protect remaining forest patches that are increasingly isolated within a rapidly expanding agricultural matrix. In these landscapes, a significant area consists of complex agro-forestry systems with high structural and functional plant diversity, providing critical reso...
While the potential of agroforestry products to contribute to rural livelihoods is well-recognized, the quantification of their yields, incomes, and value for domestic consumption (VDC) and knowledge about their relationships with biodiversity are still scarce. This information is crucial for choosing the best strategy for growing cocoa in tropical...
Cocoa–timber systems have been proposed as viable alternative for simultaneously satisfying the livelihood needs of the farmers (in terms of production of cocoa and other goods for family use or sale) while improving the capacity of the cocoa agroforestry system to provide other ecosystem services at both the plot and landscape level. In this paper...
Las combinaciones de árboles, cultivos y animales en los sistemas agroforestales, se supone, cumplen con un rol positivo en la adaptación al cambio climático a nivel de finca, hogar y el paisaje. El proyecto “Contribución de la diversidad arbórea a los medios de vida para la adaptación y la mitigación al cambio climático” busca describir y cuantifi...
Addressing the global challenges of climate change, food security and poverty alleviation requires enhancing the adaptive capacity and mitigation potential of agricultural landscapes across the tropics. However, adaptation and mitigation activities tend to be approached separately, due to a variety of technical, political, financial and socioeconom...
Smallholder farmers have developed knowledge about soil and crop management through long-term, on-farm observations. Yet, food insecurity and land degradation continue to threaten livelihoods, globally. Part of the solution lies in linking local and scientific knowledge to develop improved agricultural strategies. We argue that incorporating farmer...