Eduardo Santamaría-del-Angel

Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad | CONABIO · Subdirección del Sistema de Información y Análisis Marino Costero

Todos Santos Bay (TSB) is located on the northeastern coast of the Baja California peninsula in Mexico. Algal blooms dominated by dinoflagellates in TSB are recurrent and negatively impact the ecosystem of the bay and regional economy. In this study, we analyzed the concentration of chlorophyll a (Chla) and the light absorption coefficients of phyt...

This study analyzes the spatial and temporal variability of phytoplankton biomass and taxonomic composition in the surface waters of Todos Santos Bay, a semi-enclosed bay within the upwelling zone of the Baja California peninsula (México). Two methodological approaches (microscopy and chemotaxonomy [CHEMTAX]) were used to describe the variability o...

Through atmospheric transport, coming from the mainland, an important amount of dust arrives to surface waters of open-ocean regions and many coastal zones. Semi-arid and desert areas tend to act as important sources of dust. The Gulf of California (GC) is one of the most productive marginal seas of the world, and it is surrounded by the semi-arid...

Ocean color is the result of absorption and scattering, as light interacts with the water and the optically active constituents. The measurement of ocean color changes enables monitoring of these constituents (dissolved or particulate materials). The main objective of this research is to use digital images to estimate the light attenuation coeffici...

Anthropogenic activities are increasing the atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2); around a third of the CO2 emitted by these activities has been taken up by the ocean. Nevertheless, this marine ecosystem service of regulation remains largely invisible to society, and not enough is known about regional differences and trends in sea-air CO2 fluxes (FCO2)...

Through atmospheric transport, coming from the mainland, an important amount of dust arrives to surface waters of open-ocean regions and many coastal zones. Semi-arid and desert areas tend to act as important sources of dust. The Gulf of California (GC) is one of the most productive marginal seas of the world, and it is surrounded by the semi-arid...

Introduction The red sea urchin fishery is one of the most important fisheries in Baja California and the only urchin fishery in México; yet little is known on understanding how local, regional, and oceanic environmental variability may affect red sea urchin populations. Methods We analyzed how food availability, predator abundance and environment...

This study reports observations of the horizontal and vertical variation of chlorophyll a (Chla) and the taxonomic composition of phytoplankton at the entrance to the Gulf of California (GC) and its relationship with physicochemical processes. This region is part of the northern boundary of one of the largest shallow Oxygen Minimum Zones in the wor...

Atualmente não existe um projeto de música que pode ser implementado de maneira geral no ambiente intermareal. No presente estudio se propõem modificações a um método tradicional e se desmistificam as diferenças em suas estimativas. A través de um registro fotográfico, o método permite censor com rapidez e mais detalhes da composição da comunidade...

Currently there is no ecology sampling design that can be implemented in a general way to intertidal environments. In this study, we propose and demonstrate that modifications to traditional methods exhibit differences in their estimates. The modified method allows a quick and more detailed census of the composition of the macrobenthic community th...

RESUMEN La línea de costa a lo largo del mundo y de Colombia presenta una tendencia al retroceso, con impactos significativos sobre las comunidades y ecosistemas locales. Para abordar esta problemática se propuso incluirla en la gestión del riesgo de desastres, que parte del conocimiento para tomar medidas correctivas y prospectivas, siendo el anál...

The objective of the present study was to determine the variability in phytoplankton primary production (PP) and chlorophyll concentration between the cold and warm season in Manzanillo and Santiago Bays, Mexico, in the 2004, 2007–2008, and 2009. The mean temperature measured in situ, presented temporal variability between seasons, months, and year...

A morphometric analysis of the rocky intertidal gastropod Littorina keenae Rosewater, 1978, from Guadalupe and Cedros Islands, in the Mexican Pacific was performed. The analysis considered the distance among six shell points with which four phenetic parameters were obtained. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Empirical Orthogonal Function Analy...

Tetraselmis suecica is a green microalga that thrives under a wide range of conditions, used in the commercial culture of fish, mollusk, and crustacean larvae for supplementing the demand for fertilizers. Its pigments have applications in human health care as drug products, vitamins, and cosmetics. Growth and pigment concentration of T. suecica wer...

In order to identify phytoplankton blooms, the inherent optical properties index (IOPIndex) was used in surface water samples and the maximum chlorophyll-a (MPC) that were taken in the Third (January 2017) and in the Fourth Expedition (January 2018) from Colombia to Antarctica in the Gerlache Strait (EG). The IOPIndex is calculated from the standar...

This study aimed to describe the interannual climate variability in the West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) under austral summer conditions. Time series of January sea-surface temperature (SST) at 1 km spatial resolution from satellite-based multi-sensor data from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) Terra, MODIS Aqua, and Visible Infrared I...

Since remote sensing of ocean colour began in 1978, several ocean-colour sensors have been launched to measure ocean properties. These measures have been applied to study water quality, and they specifically can be used to study algal blooms. Blooms are a natural phenomenon that, due to anthropogenic activities, appear to have increased in frequenc...

The vertical diffuse attenuation coefficient Kd (PAR) is used for calculating the euphotic zone, the first optical depth that is important for primary productivity models. Currently, Kd PAR can be estimated using an irradiometer or a Secchi disk (SD). The main objective of this work is to define a model that can be applied to a wide range of optica...

In this study, we report the response of phytoplankton community composition to cold and warm interannual events affecting the waters off the Baja California Peninsula from 2007 to 2016 based on data obtained from a single marine station (31.75oN/116.96oW). Included variables were satellite chlorophyll a, sea surface temperature (MODIS/Aqua), upwel...

The red sea urchin fishery has a long harvest and management history along the Northeastern Pacific coast. In Mexico, it has been commercially harvested since 1972, and although it is one of the most important fisheries in Baja California, efforts to assess the condition and dynamics of harvestable stocks have been focused on certain harvested area...

The Albufera Natural Park (Valencia, Spain) is one of the most representative coastal wetlands in the Mediterranean basin. It holds several protection designations at national and international level, such as Spanish Natural Park, Special Protection Areas (SPAs) for birds, Sites of Community Importance (SCIs) and Ramsar Site. Both the park and its...

Coastal lagoons are transitional ecosystems with complex spatial and temporal variability. Remote sensing tools are essential for monitoring and unveiling their variability. Turbidity is a water quality parameter used for studying eutrophication and sediment transport. The objective of this research is to analyze the monthly turbidity pattern in a...

Para poder interpretar el efecto de distintos fenómenos oceanográficos globales (e.g., El Niño) a escala local es esencial entender los posibles signos de estos fenómenos al cambiar de escala. Para lograr esto, es necesario establecer programas de monitoreo continuos de las variables que puedan ser más sensibles al fenómeno. Estos programas de moni...

The tropical Oxygen Minimum Zones (OMZ) are known to shelter a chlorophyll-a maximum (CM)within suboxic waters (< 20 µmol kg-1), below other chlorophyll-a maxima and with an unknown temporal variability in the Pacific OMZ off Mexico. Here, 1161 chlorophyll-a fluorescence and oxygen profiles collected between 2003 and 2016 were used to describe stat...

This study investigated the relationship between phytoplankton biomass and taxonomic composition and hydrographic variables in the Northeastern Tropical Pacific for June 2015, March 2016, and September 2016. Hydrographic data were measured between surface and 100 m; samples were collected at the surface and the deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM) along...

Despite their impacts on ecosystems, climate, and human health, atmospheric emissions of mineral dust from deserts have been scarcely studied. This work estimated dust emission flux (E) between 1979 and 2014 from two desert regions in the Baja California Peninsula (BCP) using a modified dust parameterization scheme. Subsequently, we evaluated the p...

The baseline of a specific variable defines the average behavior of that variable and it must be built from long data series that represent its spatial and temporal variability. In coastal and marine waters, phytoplankton can produce blooms characterized by a wide range of total cells number or chlorophyll a concentration. Classifying a phytoplankt...

As a result of anthropogenic activities, it has been predicted that the ocean will be challenged with rising temperature, increased stratification, ocean acidification, stronger more frequent tropical storms, and oxygen depletion. In the tropical Pacific off central Mexico all these phenomena are already occurring naturally, providing a laboratory...

En este estudio se revisaron más de 50 artículos publicados en revistas indizadas y arbitradas, así como literatura gris (tesis de licenciatura y posgrado), bases de datos, memorias de congresos, reportes técnicos y datos no publicados, relacionados con la estimación de la producción primaria in situ (PP). La información obtenida se dividió en cuat...

Two semi-analytical algorithms, Generalized Inherent Optical Property (GIOP) and Garver-Siegel-Maritorena (GSM), were evaluated in terms of how well they reproduced the absorption coefficient of phytoplankton (aph(λ)) and dissolved and detrital organic matter (adg(λ)) at three wavelengths (λ of 412, 443, and 488 nm) in a zone with optically complex...

The Yucatán Peninsula hosts worldwide-known tourism destinations that concentrate most of the Mexico tourism activity. In this region, tourism has exponentially increased over the last years, including wildlife oriented tourism. Rapid tourism development, involving the consequent construction of hotels and tourist commodities, is associated with do...

Phytoplankton blooms are sporadic events in time and are isolated in space. This complex phenomenon is produced by a variety of both natural and anthropogenic causes. Early detection of this phenomenon, as well as the classification of a water body under conditions of bloom or non-bloom, remains an unresolved problem. This research proposes the use...

Variability of the optical properties of the northern Gulf of California (México) were analyzed for the first time based on six cruises performed from spring to summer (March to September) between 2008 and 2013. The changes observed in the absorption by three seawater components (phytoplankton, detritus and chromophoric dissolved organic matter or...

The use of satellite images for the observation and measurement of marine turbidity has been developed mainly with ocean colour sensors, such as MODIS. These images have a maximum spatial resolution of 250 m in their visible and infrared bands. In this research, images of the SPOT sensors were chosen as an alternative to overcome this limited spati...

The distribution of calanoid copepod habitats in a cyclonic eddy in the Gulf of California was examined. Direct velocity observations revealed that the eddy extended to approximately 550 m depth and 150 km diameter. The established thermocline suggested that active vertical pumping was not occurring because the eddy was in mature phase. A copepod h...

Sediment discharges from rivers play a key role in downstream ecosystems, both for ecosystem morphology (e.g., deltas) and productivity. However, the construction of dams and river regulation dramatically alter sediment transport. Currently, the Colorado River delta is one of the most transformed deltas in the world and, most years, no flow reaches...

Phytoplankton blooms are sporadic events in time and isolated in space. This complex phenomenon is produced by a variety of both natural and anthropogenic causes. Early detection of this phenomenon, as well as the classification of a water body under conditions of bloom or non-bloom, remains an unresolved problem. This research proposes the use of...

En el Pacífico Tropical frente a México Central (PTMC) se encuentra próxima a la superficie una intensa zona mínima de oxígeno (ZMO), con elevadas concentraciones de carbón inorgánico disuelto, bajo pH y un horizonte de subsaturación de aragonita somero. Es una región oceanográfica heterogénea, con fuerte estratificación térmica en la porción sur,...

RESUMEN Durante los primeros meses de 2015 se desarrolló un fuerte evento El Niño en el Pacífico ecuatorial‚ del cual se esperaba fuera tan fuerte como el de 1997-1998. Usando imágenes mensuales de satélite de Temperatura Superficial del Mar (TSM) (AVHRR y MODIS_Aqua) y del color del océano (Clorofila-a) (SeaWiFS‚ MODIS_Aqua y VIIRS)‚ se obtuvieron...

The Brazil–Malvinas Confluence Zone (BMCZ) is characterized by high environmental variation, which could be reflected in several optical types of water, from one containing only phytoplankton and sea water to other optically more complex. In this paper, we analyze the spatio-temporal variability of the Chlorophyll-a detected by the ocean color sens...

En la Antártida, las proliferaciones masivas de fitoplancton psicrófilo (extremófilo) causa fenómenos que colorean la nieve del continente de verde, naranja o roja. Esto ocurre durante el verano austral, cuando la nieve comienza a derretirse y la radiación solar es más intensa. Durante la 3ra expedición Antártica colombiana (http://www.programaanta...

The mapping of turbidity derived from satellite and aerial imagery observations has become a valuable tool for identifying and monitoring their distribution at lower cost and higher frequency. In this sense, the images of MODIS, Terra and Aqua sensors have been used in research to determine the spatio-temporal variability of turbidity concentration...

Marine spatial planning (MSP) is key for managing concurrent use in marine protected areas such as biosphere reserves. The success of MSP is highly dependent on the involvement of local communities in management decisions. However, land planning policies also have to be coherent with MSP. In this chapter, we analyse the case study of the Upper Gulf...

Based on hydrographic data and vertical distributions of tropical species of fish larvae (Diogenichthys laternatus, Vinciguerria lucetia, Bregmaceros bathymaster and Auxis spp), effects of “Godzilla El Niño 2015-2016” in the shallow oxygen minimum zone off Mexico were analyzed. Zooplankton samples were collected during four cruises, before (Februar...

The owl limpet, Lottia gigantea, is a conspicuous marine gastropod which ecological function is strongly affected by body size. Its southernmost distribution range is limited by the temperate-subtropical transition zone in the Northeastern Pacific, where Cedros island (Mexico) is located. Morphometric and genetic differentiation were tested between...

Se realizó un crucero en la parte central del Golfo de California durante el verano del 2011 (condiciones de fuerte estratificación). Inicialmente se procesaron imágenes de Chlasat durante dos meses antes del crucero para monitorear la pertinencia y el desplazamiento del remolino. Se muestrearon dos transectos con el objetivo de cruzar el remolino...

This study describes the temporal variability of a coastal station (Antares BC) located off Baja California Peninsula (31.75 o N/116.96 o W, 700 m depth) between 2007 and 2015 to evaluate the influence of interannual processes such as El Niño, La Niña and the "Blob" in phytoplankton pigments, community composition and its size structure. Chlorophyl...

Effects of geostrophic kinetic energy flux on the three-dimensional distribution of fish larvae of mesopelagic species (Vinciguerria lucetia, Diogenichthys laternatus, Benthosema panamense and Triphoturus mexicanus) in the southern Gulf of California during summer and fall seasons of stronger stratification were analyzed. The greatest larval abunda...

A Number of fish larvae in lines with high geostrophic kinetic energy flux. B Table Average of environmental variables in lines with high geostrophic kinetic energy flux. (DOCX)

A Number of fish larvae in lines with low geostrophic kinetic energy flux. B Table Average of environmental variables in lines with low geostrophic kinetic energy flux. (DOCX)

Manual para uso y estimación de los parámetros de fluorescencia con base en un fluorimetro Phyto-PAM

The aim of this book is to assist environmental authorities and technicians in the design of effective environmental monitoring programs.Consensus exists that any good management program must be able to distinguish between natural variability and changes induced by anthropogenic activities. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to implement continu...

En este capítulo los autores proponen una nueva aproximación para evaluar florecimientos algales nocivos tomando en cuenta las propiedades ópticas inherentes y aparentes de los cuerpos de agua, en especial del fitoplancton y sus productos de degradación. Los datos que llevan al desarrollo de la aproximación son obtenidos en la Península de Yucatán...

The aim of this book is to assist environmental authorities and technicians in the design of effective environmental monitoring programs.Consensus exists that any good management program must be able to distinguish between natural variability and changes induced by anthropogenic activities. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to implement continu...

Vertical distribution of chlorophyll a (Chla) in the euphotic zone has been described and modeled by a Gaussian curve representing those cases where there is a single Chla maximum (surface or subsurface). This has led to the rejection of profiles with more than one chlorophyll peak, resulting in the removal of up to 18% of the profiles. The aim of...

A time series with weekly sampling was conducted from February 20, to December 16, 2011 at a station in the interior of the San Quintín Bay to estimate seasonal changes in the composition and abundance of phytoplankton. Water temperature was recorded and the upwelling index was calculated for the period. Phytoplankton abundance was estimated and ph...

Bio-optical var