Eduardo Ortiz-JuarezKing's College London | KCL · International Development
Eduardo Ortiz-Juarez
PhD Development Studies
About
49
Publications
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Introduction
I’m a Lecturer (Assistant Professor) in Development Economics at the Department of International Development, King’s College London; Senior Economic Research Consultant at the Strategic Policy Unit, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP); and Research Associate at the Commitment to Equity Institute (CEQI), Tulane University. I have a particular interest in the study of poverty, inequalities, human development, social policy, and green development.
Additional affiliations
September 2021 - September 2021
January 2020 - present
January 2020 - August 2020
Education
August 2016 - June 2020
January 2005 - May 2007
Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey
Field of study
- Economics and Public Policy
August 1998 - May 2004
Publications
Publications (49)
This paper applies a comprehensive tax-benefit incidence analysis to estimate the distributional effects of fiscal policy in Chile in 2013. Four results are indicative of an overall positive net effect of fiscal interventions on poverty and inequality. First, subsidies exert a positive, yet modest effect on poverty and inequality, whereas direct tr...
Social policy in Mexico has focused on identifying and supporting chronically poor households. Yet, Mexico has a significant number of households that are just above the poverty line who are not eligible, by definition, for antipoverty programs and are at risk of falling back into poverty in the event of an economic crisis or shocks like loss of em...
High inequality is a characteristic feature of Latin America. After rising in the 1990s, however, income inequality in the region has declined while it has increased in other parts of the world. For the region as a whole, the Gini co efficient declined from an average of 0.550 in the early 2000s to 0.496 circa 2012. Of the 18 countries with availab...
Measurement of the middle class has recently come to the center of policy debate in middle-income countries as they search for the potential engines of growth and good governance. This debate assumes, first, that there is a meaningful definition of class, and second, that thresholds that define relatively homogeneous groups in terms of pre-determin...
This chapter explores income inequality in the global political economy. Income inequality matters for intrinsic and instrumental reasons, and intersects with inequalities between social groups based on gender, race, and other factors. There are three ways to think about income inequality at a global level: ‘international inequality’, ‘world inequa...
Measurement of the middle class has recently come to the center of policy debate in middle-income countries as they search for the potential engines of growth and good governance. This debate assumes, first, that there is a meaningful definition of class, and second, that the thresholds which define relatively homogeneous groups in terms of pre-det...
The pandemic has exposed the costs of job and income losses. Emergency cash transfers can mitigate the worst immediate effects on people who lack access to safety nets. This research note provides estimates for a potential Temporary Basic Income (TBI) for poor and near-poor people across 132 developing countries, as well as the minimum cost of inco...
At the core of poverty eradication is the need to eliminate that poverty that is persistent over time (chronic poverty). Unfortunately, traditional approaches to identifying chronic poverty require longitudinal data that is rarely available. In its absence, this paper proposes an alternative approach that only requires 1 year of cross-sectional dat...
The contribution of this paper is to question the ‘official’ estimates of global monetary poverty up to and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We argue there is a political economy of overoptimism in the measurement of global poverty. Specifically, we show that the methodological and presentational choices can lead to an over optimistic view of the leve...
Trends in aggregate growth and poverty reduction hide a multiplicity of development processes at the local level. The analysis reported in this paper exploits a unique panel dataset of poverty maps covering almost 2400 municipalities in Mexico and spanning 22 years, first, to test hypothesis that there is within-country income convergence. Second,...
As the rate of new COVID-19 cases accelerates across the developing world, it exposes the potentially
devastating costs of job losses and income reversals. Unconditional emergency cash transfers can mitigate
the worst immediate effects of the COVID-19 crisis on poor and near-poor households that do not currently
have access to social assistance or...
- 11:00AM a 11:25AM, Dra. Paloma Villagómez Ornelas (El Colegio de México, México): Mercados alimentarios frente a la pandemia: desigualdades de acceso y calidad.
- 11:25AM a 11:50AM, Mtro. Luis Ángel Monroy-Gómez-Franco (Graduate Center, City University of New York, USA): “¿Qué sabemos? y ¿Qué no sabemos?: El COVID 19 y la desigualdad económica”...
Social policy in Mexico has focused on identifying and supporting households in extreme poverty. Yet, the country has a significant number of households just above the poverty line who are not eligible, by definition, for antipoverty programmes and are at risk of falling into poverty in the event of adverse shocks without appropriate social safety...
What is the link between middle class and income inequality? This chapter will assess the relationship between changes in income distribution and the growth of the middle class. Interest in the latter has peaked worldwide, as the rise of the global middle class is increasingly recognized as a key megatrend (Global Trends 2030, 2013). Zooming in on...
Based on the definition of middle class as that population who face low probability of falling into poverty, we present some trends for Latin America. The percentage of middle class has increased significantly, from 21.9 percent in 2000 to 34.3 percent in 2012. Since 2009, the size of the middle class is greater than that of the poor. Nevertheless,...
Based on the definition of middle class as that population who face low probability of falling into poverty, we present some trends for Latin America. The percentage of middle class has increased significantly, from 21.9 percent in 2000 to 34.3 percent in 2012. Since 2009, the size of the middle class is greater than that of the poor. Nevertheless,...
Social policy in Mexico has focused on identifying and supporting chronically poor households. Yet, Mexico has a significant number of households that are just above the poverty line who are not eligible, by definition, for antipoverty programs and are at risk of falling back into poverty in the event of an economic crisis or shocks like loss of em...
Sin ambigüedades, la desigualdad en América Latina disminuyó en la década de 2000. El coeficiente de Gini se redujo en 14 de los 17 países donde existen datos comparables, y el cambio fue estadísticamente significativo para todos ellos. Los estudios actuales apuntan a dos explicaciones principales para la disminución en la desigualdad: la reducción...
Why are some countries’ human development achievements more resilient than others to environmental, political and financial shocks? In this paper we use Polity IV, EMDAT and World bank/IMF data on political, natural disaster and financial shocks to gauge the impact of shocks over HDI growth rates for 110 countries between 1980 and 2010. We report f...
Inequality in Latin America unambiguously declined in the 2000s. The Gini coefficient fell in 14 of the 17 countries where there is comparable data, and the change was statistically significant for all of them. Existing studies point to two main explanations for the decline in inequality: a reduction in hourly labor income inequality, and more robu...
In measuring human development, one of the main concerns relates to the inclusion of a measure that penalizes inequalities in the distribution of achievements across the population. Using indicators from nationally representative household surveys and census data, this paper proposes a straightforward methodology to estimate a household- based dist...
Between 2000 and 2010, the Gini coefficient declined in 13 of 17 Latin American countries. The decline was statistically significant and robust to changes in the time interval, inequality measures, and data sources. In-depth country studies for Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico suggest two main phenomena underlie this trend: a fall in the premium to sk...
La confianza en las relaciones interpersonales y entre individuos e instituciones es fundamental para los procesos políticos, sociales y económicos. Utilizando los datos de la ENCASU 2006, este trabajo muestra una relación positiva entre capital social y confianza en las instituciones del Estado. En línea con la hipótesis de que la confianza interp...
This article offers an absolute definition of middle class, based on vulnerability to poverty. This definition is grounded on the fact that those who managed to get out of poverty will hardly be capable of entrepreneurship, creation or claiming consumption standard to emphasize their status. Therefore, it is critical to establish which income or we...
Between 2000 and 2009, the Gini coefficient declined in 13 of 17 Latin American countries for which comparable data exist. The decline was statistically significant and robust to changes in the time interval, inequality measures and data sources. In depth country studies for Argentina, Brazil, Mexico and Peru suggest that there are two phenomena wh...
The analysis of the middle class emerges as a relevant issue given the strong influence that this social group has on societies and also on the economic performance. The aim of this document is to empirically contrast different ways of measuring the middle class, from purely statistical approaches to context-relative and absolute-standard measures,...
La pobreza es multidimensional. Identificar las variables relevantes para el análisis depende de su sustitución o complementariedad, dado que existen atributos altamente correlacionados con el ingreso. Asimismo, hay atributos débilmente relacionados y es donde la multidimensionalidad adquiere relevancia. Al utilizar la ENNViH, este artículo incorpo...
Extreme climate-related events have a direct impact on the welfare of households. The frequency and magnitude of those shocks appear to be closely linked to increasing vulnerability of households and communities in developing countries. Yet, the link between natural disasters and living standards is complex and causality is difficult to capture emp...