Eduardo CamposUniversidad Católica del Norte (Chile) · Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas
Eduardo Campos
Doctor of Philosophy
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67
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Introduction
Publications
Publications (67)
Advanced argillic (AA) alteration produced by hydrothermal activity and subsequent supergene alteration in the Potrerillos district, Atacama Desert, Chile, includes sulfate-bearing and aluminosilicate alteration minerals. These alterations commonly contain alunite supergroup minerals (e.g., alunite, jarosite, and aluminum-phosphate-sulfate (APS) mi...
Pediplains are classically identified as flat landscape surfaces in arid regions linked to tectonic quiescence, whereas deep incision of a pediplain is attributed to tectonic uplift. In the Atacama Desert, pediplains are generally used as morphotectonic markers to define the chronology of episodes of Late Cenozoic Andean uplift from their erosion a...
The origin of hypogene alteration and mineralization features in the Escondida porphyry Cu deposit resulted from intense overprinting related to three main hydrothermal stages. The beginning of each stage is recorded by deposition of bright quartz crystals on vein walls that precipitated from high-temperature fluids. In the deepest zones of the dep...
Hydrothermal activity genetically related to pluton intrusion during the Incaic tectonic phase affected the Potrerillos district in the Chilean Precordillera at the southern edge of the Atacama Desert which produced acidic fluid-driven alteration lithocaps, later overprinted by supergene processes. Outcrops with advanced argillic (AA) alteration co...
Increasing evidence suggests that supergene exotic copper deposits were emplaced during periods of geomorphic quiescence and pulses of humidity in arid environments. We tested this idea in the Centinela Mining District in the Atacama Desert (northern Chile). We collected 14 sand samples at depth (up to 110 m) in two open‐pit mines (Central Tesoro a...
Increasing evidence suggests that supergene exotic copper deposits were emplaced during periods of geomorphic quiescence and pulses of humidity in arid environments. We tested this idea in the Centinela Mining District in the Atacama Desert (northern Chile). We collected 14 sand samples at depth (up to 110 m) in two open-pit mines (Central Tesoro a...
Using optical microscopy, SEM, EPMA and LA-ICP-MS, we analyzed and characterized the textural features of Cenozoic supergene Cu-bearing minerals from three exotic and two in situ supergene copper mineralization from the Atacama Desert in northern Chile. In addition, we analyzed their major and rare earth elements compositions. We then compared thes...
Using optical microscopy, SEM, EPMA and LA-ICP-MS, we analyzed and characterized the textural features of Cenozoic supergene Cu-bearing minerals from three exotic and two in situ supergene copper mineralization from the Atacama Desert in northern Chile. In addition, we analyzed their major and rare earth elements compositions. We then compared thes...
The Pliocene El Laco iron deposit is the youngest and best-preserved Kiruna-type deposit in the world, the genesis of which has been on dispute for several decades. The massive magnetite (δ⁵⁶Fe = 0.28–0.39‰, with average value of 0.35‰), the magnetite in the veined magnetite-apatite ores (i.e., veined magnetite; δ⁵⁶Fe = 0.16–0.41‰, with average val...
Magmas with a high oxidation state (FMQ +1 to +2), a high-water content (≥ 4 wt % H2O) and a high degree of fractionation are necessary to form porphyry copper deposits (PCDs). Different proxies, such as Fe 3+ /Fe 2+ ratio of whole-rock, minerals indicative of high oxygen fugacity (fo2) and water content as well as geochemical signatures of whole-r...
Since the second half of the 20 th century, exotic copper mineralization represents a prime target for many of the mining exploration companies operating in the hyperarid Atacama Desert, in northern Chile. Although there is evidence that the emplacement of such deposits took place during specific Tertiary climatic periods and relief formation, many...
The Atacama Desert in northern Chile is one of the driest deserts on Earth. Hyperaridity persists at least since the Miocene and was punctuated by pluvial phases. However, very little is known about the timing, regional spread and intensities of precipitation changes. Here, we present a new precipitation record from a sedimentary sequence recovered...
Exotic type deposits include several species of minerals, such as atacamite, chrysocolla, copper pitch, and copper wad. Among these, copper pitch and copper wad have considerable concentrations of manganese. However, their non-crystalline and amorphous structure makes it challenging to recover the elements of interest (like Cu or Mn) by conventiona...
The Precordillera between~26°y 27°Lat. S. hosts several porphyry copper deposits (e.g. El Salvador and Potrerillos) and epithermal deposits (e.g. El Hueso and Coya) that have been affected by supergene alteration processes in different stage of the landscape evolution since 36 Ma. Previous research has identified two pediplanation surfaces over sum...
Precordillera between ~26° y 27° Lat. S. is characterized by the occurrence of several porphyry copper deposits (e.g. El Salvador and Potrerillos) and epithermal deposits (e.g. El Hueso and Coya) that have been submitted to supergene alteration processes in different stage of the landscape evolution since 36 Ma ago to the present, all showing a goo...
The world-renowned Pliocene El Laco iron deposit in northern Chile is the youngest and the best-preserved Kiruna-type deposit in the world. The genesis of the El Laco Kiruna-type iron deposit—i.e., whether it is magmatic or hydrothermal in origin—is a long-standing controversy. The interstitial Fe-P phase lined by early formed magnetite crystals ob...
Los depósitos de cobre exótico son cuerpos mineralizados compuestos por especies oxidadas de Cu (i.e., crisocola, atacamita, malaquita) que, en el Desierto de Atacama, están hospedados en gravas Cenozoicas y/o rellenando fracturas del basamento. Estos yacimientos se originan por...
Although the formation of exotic-Cu deposits is controlled by multiple factors, the role of the sedimentary environment has not been well defined. We present a case study of the El Tesoro Central exotic-Cu deposit located in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile. This deposit consists of two mineralized bodies hosted within Late Cenozoic gravels dep...
Continental crust can dramatically modify the geochemical and isotopic compositions (e.g., Sr-Nd, Pb) of mantle-derived lavas, and has important implications in understanding magmatic processes in continental arcs which involve subducted materials. In this paper, we report the Mg isotopic compositions of continental arc andesites from El Laco in no...
Exotic-Cu ore deposits are mineralized bodies composed of copper oxides, silicates, chlorides and carbonates. They originate from lateral migration of acidic Cu-bearing solutions sourced from weathering porphyry-Cu systems. In the Atacama Desert of northern Chile, copper minerals in exotic-Cu deposits...
Supergene copper mineralization processes occur during the unroofing of porphyry copper deposits. However, the geomorphological stage during which the main mineralization occurs is still under debate. Here, we present 24 new thermochronological data from Cenozoic intrusives and compare them with the evolution of supergene mineralization from the Ce...
The Centinela Mining District (CMD), Atacama Desert (northern Chile), include several mid-late Eocene porphyry Cu deposits that contains supergene mineralization and provide access to a record of gravel deposits that host syn-sedimentary exotic Cu mineralized bodies. By studying these gravels, we reconstruct the unroofing history and constrain the...
The distribution of mineral zones, hydrothermal alteration assemblages and ore associations are important geological attributes of the Chuquicamata Porphyry Cu–Mo deposit. The development and morphology of these attributes were influenced by syn-mineralization structures with later modification of post-mineralization tectonism to yield the present...
This works aims to describe the exotic copper deposits from the El Tesoro copper mine (northern Chile) and to determine the processes and the sedimentary context involved in their formation. El Tesoro consists of two exotic-Cu bodies concordant with stratification and separated by ~130 m of barren detritic deposits. The lower exotic-Cu deposit is h...
Exotic-Cu deposits often form in the vicinity of the parental porphyry system due to the lateral migration of Cu-bearing fluids. Mineralisation in this type of deposit comprises different species of copper minerals and mineraloids broadly defined as green-and black-copper ores. The analysis and subsequent definition of Cu-bearing minerals from exot...
El Norte de Chile se caracteriza por presentar importantes anomalías de cobre como también una intensa actividad minera asociada a una amplia variedad depósitos minerales dentro de los cuales destacan los yacimientos Exóticos de Cobre, los cuales se caracterizan por contener minerales oxidados de cobre alojados en potentes secuencias de gravas, con...
Circulation of hydrothermal solutions through the host rocks of ore bodies generates important mineralogical changes and, consequently, the original magnetic properties of these rocks could be strongly modified. In the Escondida porphyry copper deposit, each lithological-alteration rock unit shows highly distinctive magnetic properties; potassic an...
Fluid–rock interaction related to the circulation of hydrothermal fluids can strongly modify the physicochemical properties of wall rocks in porphyry Cu deposits. These processes can also produce compositional and textural changes in ferromagnetic minerals, which can be quantified using magnetic methods. In the Escondida porphyry Cu deposit of nort...
Magnetic proxies obtained from fine-grain sediments have been used to unravel climatic and environmental settings (Evans and Heller, 2003), yet similar studies from coarse-grain sediments lack. We present magnetic and mineralogical measurements of 115 samples collected on four coarse-grained Neogene paleosol profiles (gyspi-, gypsi/verti-, calci-so...
Magnetic parameters obtained from fine-grain sedimentary deposits, such as loess and marine sediments, have helped to obtain information about the concentration, composition and grain-size of magnetic minerals (e.g. Evans and Heller, 2003). Such information when combine indirectly reflects changes of sediment source and/or diagenetic and authigenic...
During the Holocene, the patagonian glaciers were characterized by geomorphologically registered advances and retreats. This paper presents the geomorphological evolution and evidences of Holocene glacial advances within a segment in Central Patagonia Cordillera. This area will be used as a reference for studying the postglacial paleoclimatic evolu...
During the Holocene, the patagonian glaciers were characterized by geomorphologically registered advances and retreats. This paper presents the geomorphological evolution and evidences of Holocene glacial advances within a segment in Central Patagonia Cordillera. This area will be used as a reference for studying the postglacial paleoclimatic evolu...
Life spans and thermal evolution of hydrothermal systems are of fundamental metallogenic importance. We were able to establish
the chronology and cooling history of the Zaldívar porphyry copper deposit (Northern Chile) by applying a combination of different
isotopic dating methods in minerals with different closure temperatures, including 40Ar/39Ar...
The magmatic-hydrothermal evolution of the El Teniente porphyry Cu-Mo deposit in the Central Andes in Chile is reconstructed based on field relationships, scanning electron microscopy cathodoluminescence, petrography, and fluid inclusion analysis by microthermometry and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS). Three m...
The occurrence of a distinct type of multi-solid, highly-saline fluid inclusions, hosted in igneous quartz phe-nocrysts from the Llamo porphyry, in the Zaldivar porphyry copper deposit of northern Chile is documented. Total homoge-nization of the multi-solid type inclusions occurs at magmatic temperatures (over 750d̀C), well above the typical tempe...
The Zaldı́var porphyry copper deposit, Northern Chile, consists of two major intrusions, the 290 Ma Zaldı́var, and the more recent Miocene (38.7 Ma) Llamo porphyry. Five types of inclusions have been identified in quartz phenocrysts from Llamo porphyry, including melt inclusions (M), and four types of fluid inclusions, called MS (multi solids), B (...
The Panulcillo skarn copper deposit developed in an Early Cretaceous (Valanginian) volcano-sedimentary sequence intruded by a Cretaceous diorite. The exoskarn zone of the deposit is composed of garnet skarn comprising grandite garnet (Ad 12.9-47.4) and phlogopite with lesser amounts of diopside (Di 89.6-91.6), clintonite, pargasitic hornblende, act...
Hydrogeochemistry and behavior of groundwater in the Río Claro basin, Biobío Region. A hydrogeochemical study of the groundwater and surface water of the Río Claro hydrographic basin of the Yumbel quadrangle (VIII Region, Biobío), including their classification and behaviour is presented. 24 groundwater samples and 3 surface water samples from the...
Projects
Projects (5)
The objective of the project is to pioneer the research on the mutual evolutionary relationships between Earth surface processes and biota
https://sfb1211.uni-koeln.de/
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/268236062
Characterization of the supergene alteration mineralogy and dating by Ar/Ar method through sulfate minerals. Paleoenvironments of genesis of mineral deposits and supergene enrichment through stable isotopy and geochemistry.
COPEDIM is an international research group focusing on the morpho-tectonic evolution of the Andes, including the development of geological erosion surfaces (pediments), leading to supergene metals concentration, such as copper, by weathering processes. Its objectives are to improve knowledge of fundamental processes and training students and professionals about the morpho-tectonic and paleoclimate control on supergene copper formation.
LMI means "Laboratoire Mixte International" (International Joint Laboratory).
See its website for further informations about our researches and papers:
https://copedim.obs-mip.fr