Edoardo Marovino

• Doctor of Pharmacy
• Postgraduate School of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology at University of Milan

In the development of drugs misuse and addiction, references are often made to the study of the API (active principle ingredient) as the main cause, which is certainly true, but there is a tendency to overlook the possible role of certain excipients which may be involved in the preferential development of certain formulations, especially in the cas...

Counterfeit medicinals (so-called "fake drugs") and the "parallel trade" are widespread practices all over the world and especially in developing countries, the causes of which are often to be found in the lack of commercial products available due to the lack of interest of pharmaceutical companies in these countries. In this article, based on the...

Background: A key element of a geriatric patient is the problem of frailty. We generally identify a frail subject through sarcopenia, that is, the progressive reduction and thinning of the muscle mass. The sarcopenic subject falls because he cannot stand on his legs, including a whole series of endocrine, glucidic and neurological dysregulations th...

The aim of this article is to describe and analyze the principal aspects of a phenomenon that periodically affects medicines and medical devices all around the world in all contexts of the hospitals and the community, i.e. their shortage. Recently in Italy there has been a prolonged shortage of some medicines such as antibiotics, symptomatic remedi...

Introduction. Many crimes, especially of a sexual nature, are committed using sedative substances to reduce the victim's state of consciousness and reactivity and are defined as "drugs facilitated crimes". Among these, benzodiazepines (BDZ) and some new designer derivatives are widely used especially in liquid formulations added to other drinks. Th...

Introduction: Anthracyclines are among the most powerful antineoplastic drugs ever developed and, even today, they are widely used according to various association schemes in the onco-hematological field. However, cardiotoxicity remains one of the most feared and characteristic side effects, both short and long term, often causing the premature int...

La citisina è un rimedio farmacologico, disponibile in Italia dal 2015, ma ancora poco conosciuto e applicato, nonostante sia di fatto, a oggi, la strategia farmacologica risultata più efficace per far smettere di fumare ai pazienti. Questo articolo vuole essere una breve guida per il medico di medicina generale (MMG) sia per far conoscere maggiorm...

Introduction: The use of benzodiazepines (BDZ) is notoriously associated with significant long-term problems and it is estimated that the long-term users (LTU) in Italy are over 3 million people, including many elderly people. Unfortunately, 40 to 80% of the LTUs develop dependence and many also have tolerance, with the need for a progressive incre...

ABSTRACT Introduction: Oral mucositis is one of the most common complications of oncological treatments and is the consequence of the cytotoxic systemic effect of agents of chemotherapy and the local one of radiation. The frequency of oral mucositis in this population is between 30% and 40%. However, patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy (HDC)...

Introduction. In the development of addiction and abuse of psychoactive substances, both factors related to the person, of a psychopathological and metabolic type, and factors related to the substance come into play and, in the latter case, the 3 most important are the half-life, the potency pharmacodynamics and pharmaceutical form. In this article...

Introduction: Therapeutic errors are among the main causes of drug-related problems, in terms of enhanced toxicological or reduced therapeutic effect, and concern all stages of the drug chain, from manufacturing to prescription, dispensing and administration. Everyone, pharmacists and doctors in all settings, should be aware of how to prevent and m...

Introduction: The purpose of this article is to describe the chemical and pharmacological characteristics of THC and its metabolites, the methods used for detection for clinical and forensic purposes and their stability in reference biological matrices. Psychoactive aspects or aspects relating to the problem of abuse or addiction will not be explai...

INTRODUCTION: In the context of adverse drug reactions (ADR), skin manifestations are among the most frequent and often of such severity as to require access to the emergency room for emergency injection therapy. In this article, we wanted to describe the characteristics of severe skin reactions both from a clinical point of view and with regard to...

Introduction: The presence of dysphagia is a rather common event, both physiologically in elderly people and the presence of neurological, maxillofacial, or upper digestive pathologies. Many drugs are routinely taken in solid form for the convenience of use, however, in such patients, it becomes difficult to swallow tablets or capsules and it is im...

Abstract Background and Aims Methadone is a well-known drug for the treatment of heroinopathy but its role as an analgesic is often forgotten, especially in primary and non-specialist medicine settings. In this article we want to describe its characteristics in this application not only for the cessation of painkillers but above all for the manage...

Introduction: In the context of adverse drug reactions (ADR), skin manifestations are among one of the most frequent and often of such severity as to require access to the emergency room for emergency injection therapy. In this article we wanted to describe the characteristics of severe skin reactions both from a clinical point of view and with reg...

Psychostimulants, especially cocaine and amphetamines, are the most widely consumed illicit substances in the world after cannabinoids. They have always been known to be toxic substances whose use in both acute and chronic conditions involves significant mental and physical problems. However, their basic chemical structure, with appropriate modific...

Introduction: In the last twenty years we have seen a change in the drug abuse market. New ways of producing, selling, buying and consuming as well as the advent of some web sites have facilitated the emergence and spread of ‘new psychoactive substances’ (NSP). At the same time, the market for “traditional” drugs was implemented – too if not comple...

Introduction: Alemtuzumab is a new generation monoclonal antibody with anti-CD52 action and with specific indication for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. In recent years, however, "off-label" applications in the immunological field have begun , such as immunosuppression in transplants or the treatment of other dysimmune diseases. The purpose...

Objectives The treatment of addiction is very complex and results from the integration of pharmacological and psychological techniques whose end-point is generally to obtain and maintain total abstention from substances of abuse for the individual patient; however, this goal in clinical practice is often very difficult to achieve given the high psy...

ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this article is, starting from pharmacological aspects, to evaluate the central and peripheral neurotoxicity of some chemotherapy compounds and also some possible neuroprotection strategies. Methods: both personal knowledge of pharmacology and the use of both paper books and international website dat...

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a very common disease in the Western world and in Italy it is estimated that there are over one hundred thousand of patients, like HIV infection. In recent years, progress has been made with regard to lines of treatment and new drugs have been approved and already available and have changed the history of the...

in questo articolo o parlato di alcuni effetti collaterali dei farmaci antipsicotici sia di vecchia che di nuova generazione, quelli di tipo metabolico e cardiovascolare, causa comune di mortalità e morbilità nel lungo termine tra i pazienti trattati.

Le atrofie muscolari spinali (SMA) sono un gruppo di malattie neuromuscolari ereditarie, autosomiche recessive, che colpiscono entrambi i sessi e caratterizzate da una degenerazione progressiva dei motoneuroni alfa delle corna anteriori del midollo spinale, con incidenza di circa 1 su 10 mila nati vivi (in Italia ogni anno nascono circa 40-50 bambi...

L’abuso di benzodiazepine (BDZ) è un fenomeno trascurato ma in crescita non solo in Italia ma in tutti i paesi occidentali e fin dall’introduzione nel mercato della prima BDZ negli anni ’60 si sono verificati da subito fenomeni di uso improprio per dosaggi o per tempi tra pazienti con disturbi di ansia e insonnia soprattutto se co-abusatori di alco...

Introduction. The drugs of abuse circulating on the market today are an increasing number; the DSM in its latest (fifth) version eliminates the distinction between substance use, abuse and addiction and summarizes them under the generic term "substance use disorder", including tobacco, anxiolytics, opiates, stimulants, alcohol and cannabinoids. The...