
Edoardo C AromatarisUniversity of Adelaide · JBI
Edoardo C Aromataris
PhD
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166
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Publications (166)
This article is the third in a new series on the systematic review from the Joanna Briggs Institute, an international collaborative supporting evidence-based practice in nursing, medicine, and allied health fields. The purpose of the series is to show nurses how to conduct a systematic review-one step at a time. This article details the major consi...
Aims:
With the increase in the number of systematic reviews available, a logical next step to provide decision makers in healthcare with the evidence they require has been the conduct of reviews of existing systematic reviews. Syntheses of existing systematic reviews are referred to by many different names, one of which is an umbrella review. An u...
Background:
Systematic reviews have been considered as the pillar on which evidence-based healthcare rests. Systematic review methodology has evolved and been modified over the years to accommodate the range of questions that may arise in the health and medical sciences. This paper explores a concept still rarely considered by novice authors and i...
Background:
Metformin, a first line antihyperglycemic medication, is an AMPK activator and has been hypothesized to act as a geroprotective agent. Studies on its association with various classifications of age-related cognitive decline have shown mixed results with positive and negative findings.
Objective:
To synthesize the best available evide...
Background
Scoping reviews are a relatively new approach to evidence synthesis and currently there exists little guidance regarding the decision to choose between a systematic review or scoping review approach when synthesising evidence. The purpose of this article is to clearly describe the differences in indications between scoping reviews and sy...
Objective
This scoping review aims to identify, catalogue, and characterize previously reported tools, techniques, methods, and processes that have been recommended or used by evidence synthesizers to detect fraudulent or erroneous data and mitigate its impact.
Introduction
Decision-making for policy and practice should always be underpinned by th...
Background: Epidemiological research investigating the impact of exposure to plastics, and plastic-associated chemicals, on human health is critical, especially given exponentially increasing plastic production. In parallel with increasing production, academic research has also increased exponentially both in terms of the primary literature and ens...
Cohort studies are a robust analytical observational study design that explore the difference between two different cohorts on an outcome, differentiated by their exposure status. Despite being observational in nature, they are often included in systematic reviews of effectiveness, particularly when randomized controlled trials are limited or not f...
Objective
The objective of this systematic review was to compare the effectiveness of prophylactic angioembolization with observation as primary management strategies for patients with high-grade (grades 3-5) blunt trauma splenic injury.
Introduction
The spleen is frequently injured in abdominal trauma. Historical management practices involved spl...
Objective
This review aims to synthesize the experiences of informal caregivers of people with dementia in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
Introduction
Globally, the burden of dementia is increasing disproportionately in LMICs. Informal caregivers play a vital role and face multiple challenges in LMICs. Caregivers often lack awareness an...
Introduction
Several methods exist for bias adjustment of meta-analysis results, but there has been no comprehensive comparison with non-adjusted methods. We compare 6 bias-adjustment methods with 2 non-adjusted methods to examine how these different methods perform.
Methods
We re-analyzed a meta-analysis that included 10 randomized controlled tri...
GRADE is a methodological approach used to establish certainty in a body of evidence and is now widely adopted among the evidence synthesis and guideline development community. JBI is an international evidence-based health care organization that provides guidance for a range of evidence synthesis approaches. The GRADE approach is currently endorsed...
There are numerous tools available to assess the risk of bias in individual studies in a systematic review. These tools have different structures, including scales and checklists, which may or may not separate their items by domains. There are also various approaches and guides for the process, scoring, and interpretation of risk of bias assessment...
Population growth, climate change, changes to land use, and the advent of emerging infectious disease agents has put our abilities to feed the growing global population at risk, which is of particular concern in low-or middle-income countries. Research to improve the profitability and sustainability of common livestock production systems is key to...
Systematic reviews of effectiveness offer a rigorous synthesis of the best evidence available regarding the effects of interventions or treatments. Randomized controlled trials are considered the optimal study design for evaluating the effectiveness of interventions and are the ideal study design for inclusion in a systematic review of effectivenes...
Predatory journals are a blemish on scholarly publishing and academia and the studies published within them are more likely to contain data that is false. The inclusion of studies from predatory journals in evidence syntheses is potentially problematic due to this propensity for false data to be included. To date, there has been little exploration...
Objective
The objective of this review is to establish whether embolization is more effective than clinical observation for adult patients with grade III–V splenic injuries. Findings will be used to guide future practice and, if necessary, inform future research design and conduct.
Introduction
The spleen is one of the most frequently injured intr...
Purpose of review
Results of meta-analyses are frequently used to inform clinical practice guidelines and healthcare policy. However, healthcare recommendations derived from these meta-analyses may not be trustworthy if based on the results of biased studies. This literature review aims to provide an up-to-date summary of the state-of-the-art metho...
Objective:
The objective of this systematic review is to investigate oncological and functional outcomes following primary transoral surgery compared with non-surgical management in patients with small-volume (T1-2, N0-2) oropharyngeal cancer.
Introduction:
The incidence of oropharyngeal cancer is rising. Transoral surgery was introduced to prov...
The foundations for critical appraisal of literature have largely progressed through the development of epidemiologic research methods and the use of research to inform medical teaching and practice. This practical application of research is referred to as evidence-based medicine and has delivered a standard for the health care profession where cli...
JBI recently began the process of updating and revising its suite of critical appraisal tools to ensure that these tools remain compatible with recent developments within risk of bias science. Following a rigorous development process led by the JBI Effectiveness Methodology Group, this paper presents the revised critical appraisal tool for the asse...
Synthesizers of evidence are increasingly likely to encounter studies published in predatory journals during the evidence synthesis process. The evidence synthesis discipline is uniquely positioned to encounter novel concerns associated with predatory journals. The objective of this research was to explore the attitudes, opinions, and experiences o...
A key step in the systematic review process is the assessment of the methodological quality (or risk of bias) of the included studies. At JBI, we have developed several tools to assist with this evaluation. As evidence synthesis methods continue to evolve, it has been necessary to revise and reflect on JBI's current approach to critical appraisal a...
Since its emergence in the 1990s, evidence-based healthcare (EBHC) has made great strides in locating, synthesizing, summarizing, and disseminating evidence, but sustainable mechanisms for getting trustworthy evidence into policy and practice continues to be less well understood. We propose that there is an EBHC 'Flywheel' that begins and ends with...
JBI offer a suite of critical appraisal instruments that are freely available to systematic reviewers and researchers investigating the methodological limitations of primary research studies. The JBI instruments are designed to be study-specific and are presented as questions in a checklist. The JBI instruments have existed in a checklist-style for...
Objective:
The objective of this scoping review is to identify evidence synthesis types and previously proposed classification systems, typologies, or taxonomies that have guided evidence synthesis.
Introduction:
Evidence synthesis is a constantly evolving field. There is now a plethora of evidence synthesis approaches used across many different...
Objective:
This review will evaluate the effectiveness of microsurgical clipping versus endovascular treatment of ruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysms in adults.
Introduction:
Subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to anterior communicating artery aneurysm rupture is a catastrophic event leading to significant neurological morbidity and m...
Evidence synthesis is critical in evidence-based healthcare and is a core program of JBI. JBI evidence synthesis is characterised by a pluralistic view of what constitutes evidence and is underpinned by a pragmatic ethos to facilitate the use of evidence to inform practice and policy. This second paper in this series provides a descriptive overview...
JBI is an international research organisation and collaborative network hosted in the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences at the University of Adelaide, South Australia. Now in its 25th year of activity, JBI is concerned with improving health outcomes in communities globally by promoting and supporting the use of the best available evidence to i...
This systematic review was conducted to determine the prevalence of mental disorders among children and adults in Uganda. A comprehensive systematic search for relevant studies reporting prevalence of mental disorders in children or adults in Uganda was conducted in PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science databases and grey literature sour...
Reply to letter to the Editor by Boranzjani et al discussing the use of lung ultrasound for pneumothorax progression, highlighting the limitations. Despite the ease of use & safety profile, the evidence in mechanically ventilated patients is yet to be systematically quantified.
The demand for rapid reviews has exploded in recent years. A rapid review is an approach to evidence synthesis that provides timely information to decision-makers (eg, health care planners, providers, policymakers, and patients) by simplifying the evidence synthesis process. A rapid review is particularly appealing for urgent decisions.JBI is a wor...
Background
Single group data present unique challenges for synthesises of evidence. Proportional meta-analysis is becoming an increasingly common technique employed for the synthesis of single group data. Proportional meta-analysis shares many similarities with the conduct and reporting of comparative, or pairwise, meta-analysis. While robust and c...
Objective:
The objective of this review was to investigate the available qualitative evidence to enhance understanding of the experiences of children, young adults, and their carers living with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis in any setting.
Introduction:
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis is the most common chronic rheumatic disease in childhood. Desp...
Background:
The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the safety and effectiveness of conservative management versus prophylactic intercostal catheter (ICC) insertion for the management of occult pneumothoraces in mechanically ventilated patients.
Methods:
PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane Central and other trial regist...
A systematic review involves the identification, evaluation, and synthesis of the best-available evidence to provide an answer to a specific question. The “best-available evidence” is, in many cases, a peer-reviewed scientific article published in an academic journal that details the conduct and results of a scientific study. Any potential threat t...
Aims:
To develop a core outcome set for trials investigating interventions to prevent stillbirth.
Materials & methods:
Outcomes identified from a systematic literature review and semi-structured interviews with parents in Australia and the UK were entered into a two-round online Delphi survey and focus group/consensus meetings.
Results:
A core...
Objectives
Bias assessment tools vary in content and detail, and the method used for assessment may produce different assessment results in a study if not carefully considered. Therefore, taking an approach to the assessment of studies that produces a similar result regardless of the tool used for assessment (tool independence) is important.
Metho...
Introduction:
Approaches to the synthesis of qualitative research have existed for more than 20 years and have evolved significantly during that time. One common approach is meta-aggregation, as advocated by JBI. There is now a considerable number of published reviews that claim to follow the JBI approach to meta-aggregation. This methodological r...
Objectives
The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach is accepted methodology to assess the certainty of the evidence included in systematic reviews and clinical practice guidelines. The GRADE approach is endorsed globally, in Australia, the National Health and Medical Research Council advocated for the...
Objective
To determine which outcomes have been previously reported in previous stillbirth prevention studies.
Research Design
Systematic review of reviews: We searched the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, EMBASE and Pubmed for systematic reviews and meta-analyses investigating interventions to prevent stillbirth and its major risk factors...
Prolonged viewing of screen‐based media is associated with poor sleep in children. Previous systematic reviews have analysed the effectiveness of interventions that aim to limit children's screen use; however, none have evaluated its effect on sleep. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effect of interventions that incorporate stra...
Background:
The lack of attention to Indigenous epistemologies and, more broadly, Indigenous values in primary research, is mirrored in the standardised critical appraisal tools used to guide evidence-based practice and systematic reviews and meta-syntheses. These critical appraisal tools offer no guidance on how validity or contextual relevance s...
Purpose:
A systematic review was performed to investigate the impact of obesity on complications following total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA), reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) and total elbow arthroplasty (TEA).
Methods:
Electronic databases and grey literature were searched for studies that evaluated the influence of obesity (Body Mass...
Objective:
The objective of this review is to identify, critically appraise and synthesize the available qualitative evidence to understand the experiences of children, young adults and their carers living with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in any setting.
Introduction:
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis is the most common rheumatic disease in...
Objectives: The objective of this review was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy for patients
with carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infection.
Introduction: Among the main multi-resistant microorganisms, carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae is responsible
for the mortality of 40% of patients following 30 days of infe...
Issue addressed:
Non-communicable chronic disease underlies much of the life expectancy gap experienced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Modifying contributing risk factors; tobacco smoking, nutrition, alcohol consumption, physical activity, social and emotional wellbeing (SNAPS) could help close this disease gap. This scoping revi...
Background:
A systematic review was performed to investigate the impact of obesity on outcomes following total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA).
Methods:
Electronic databases and the grey literature were searched for studies that evaluated the influence of obesity (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2) on TSA and...
Objective:
This systematic review aims to synthesize the available evidence investigating the effectiveness and safety of conservative management of occult pneumothorax in mechanically ventilated patients.
Introduction:
Occult pneumothorax is air within the pleural cavity that is diagnosed on a CT scan but was not suspected on the basis of prece...
Imiquimod 5% cream, an immune response modifier capable of inducing IFN‐α, TNF‐α and interleukins 1, 6 and 8. It was approved for use in the management of genital and perianal warts and soon embraced as a method to diminish the recurrence of keloids post excision. A previous meta‐analysis included four studies. This meta‐analysis is part of a large...
Rationale, aims and objectives:
To summarize relevant international scientific evidence on strategies aimed at facilitating or improving health care practitioners' adoption of shared decision making in elective surgery. The review evaluated the effectiveness of these strategies and described the characteristics of identified strategies.
Method:...
Introduction:
Systematic reviews provide a rigorous synthesis of the best available evidence regarding a certain question. Where high-quality evidence is lacking, systematic reviewers may choose to rely on case series studies to provide information in relation to their question. However, to date there has been limited guidance on how to incorporat...
A Masterclass Program was developed to strengthen the research capacity of staff within Aboriginal Community-Controlled Health Organisations (ACCHOs) and featured three Masterclasses delivered across Australia, including Understanding Research, Undertaking Research and Research Evaluation. A mixed-method process and impact evaluation of the Masterc...
Research question/objective:
The purpose of this methodological review is to determine whether and to what extent GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) methodology has been and is currently being used in Australian clinical practice guidelines.
Aim:
Integrated care commonly involves provision of comprehensive community-based care for people with chronic conditions. It is anticipated that implementation of integrated care, with a proactive approach to management of chronic conditions, will reduce reliance on hospital and emergency department (ED) services. The aim of this rapid review was...
Aim:
Systematic reviews play an important role in ensuring trustworthy recommendations in healthcare. However, systematic reviews can be laborious to undertake and as such software has been developed to assist in the conduct and reporting of systematic reviews. The Joanna Briggs Institute and its collaborating centres consist of thousands of resea...
Background:
The Joanna Briggs Institute Model for Evidence-Based Healthcare was first conceptualized in 2005. This developmental framework for evidence-based practice situated healthcare evidence, in its broadest sense, and its role and use within complex healthcare settings. The Model was recently reviewed with a view to understanding its utility...
Review objective:
The objective of the review is to examine JBI qualitative meta-aggregative reviews to determine.
Review question:
The questions to be addressed by this systematic review are.
Review questions: i) What is the effect of intervention programs which include strategies to control screen use (total time, timing and/ or content) on: • children's sleep? • children's behavior, including aggression, hyperactivity or prosocial behavior and wellbeing (depression and self-esteem)? • children's selected cognitive skills: concentratio...
Background:
In 2005, Pearson et al. presented a developmental framework of evidence-based practice that sought to situate healthcare evidence and its role and use within the complexity of practice settings globally. A decade later, it was deemed timely to re-examine the Model and its component parts to determine whether they remain relevant and a...
The Joanna Briggs Institute Model of evidence-based healthcare (EBHC) states that the main phases of EBHC include evidence synthesis, transfer, and implementation. There has been some confusion regarding the term 'evidence transfer', with this term previously being considered by many as synonymous with knowledge or evidence translation. The aim of...
Review question/objective:
The objective of the review is to assess the effect of metformin on the risk, progression and severity of Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia, as well as any measures of cognitive performance or impairment.
Objective:
To synthesise client perceptions of the unique characteristics and value of care provided in Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisations (ACCHOs) compared to mainstream/general practitioner services, and implications for improving access to quality, appropriate primary health care for Indigenous Australians.
Method:
Standardi...
Background:
Integrated care is the combination of different healthcare services with the goal to provide comprehensive, seamless, effective and efficient patient care. Assessing the experiences of healthcare professionals (HCPs) is an important aspect when evaluating integrated care strategies.
Aims:
The aim of this rapid review was to investiga...
Introduction
The use of safety checklists in interventional radiology is an intervention aimed at reducing mortality and morbidity. Currently there is little known about their practical use in Australian radiology departments. The primary aim of this mixed methods study was to evaluate how safety checklists ( SC ) are used and completed in radiolog...
Review question/objective:
The objective of this review is to locate and synthesize the best available evidence investigating the impact of selected comorbidities on upper limb arthroplasty outcomes.The review question is: Are patients with diabetes mellitus or obesity at an increased risk of complications and/or poorer postoperative outcomes foll...
Review objectives:
The scoping review project will identify and describe the existing research on health promotion programs and activities focusing on modifying risk factors (specifically to reduce smoking and alcohol consumption, increase physical activity and improve nutrition and social and emotional wellbeing) and/or improving the management o...
Review question/objective:
The objectives of the review are to identify the effect of any moisturizers or creams (medicated or unmedicated) on immature scars (linear, keloid or hypertrophic) on any persons of any age. Effects will be assessed by changes in scar activity, changes in the final appearance/cosmesis of the scar, improvements in patient...
Review objectives/questions
The objectives of the review are to: Identify and collect relevant international scientific evidence on strategies aimed facilitate or improving healthcare practitioners’ adoption of shared decision making (SDM) in elective surgery.
Evaluate the effectiveness of these strategies for the implementation of SDM by healthcar...