Edeltrauda Helios-Rybicka

AGH University of Krakow | AGH · Department of Environmental Protection

Air pollution is one of the main factors affecting human health. Air quality is especially important in the tourist areas developed with facilities for outdoor activities. During the winter season of 2017/2018, the concentrations of particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5, PM1), CO, O3, and NO2 were studied in 12 attractive tourist villages in the surround...

The problem of the formation of Kupferschiefer has long been a subject of investigations. The researchers have been trying to find explanation to the heavy metal contents in sediments especially in layer silicates, that is, clay minerals, and moreover to the formation conditions of low-temperature sulphides in the Cu-ores. It has already been indic...

Problem of the formation of Kupferschiefer has long been a subject of investigations. The researchers have been trying to find explanation for the heavy metal contents in sediments especially in layer silicates i.e. clay minerals, and moreover for the formation conditions of low-temperature sulphides in the Cu-ores. It has already been indicated th...

During the last decade the broad discussion on sediments at the river basin scale took place for the largest river basins in Europe (the Danube, Elbe, Rhine, Oder, Vistula Rivers). The aim of this study was to describe contamination of river sediments with heavy metals at the historically and contemporary mining and smelting areas and to assess met...

The researchers have been trying to find explanation for the heavy metal contents in sediments especially in layer silicates i.e. clay minerals, and moreover for the formation conditions of low-temperature sulphides in the Cu-ores. It has already been indicated that the sorption process is of great importance for the solution of first problem; the...

The aim of this study was to assess air quality by using medium-cost sensors in recreational areas that are not covered by permanent monitoring. Concentrations of air pollutants PM2.5, PM10, PM1, CO, O 3 , NO 2 in the Niedzica recreational area in southern Poland were obtained. The research revealed that in cold weather, particulate matter concentr...

Problem of the formation of Kupferschiefer has long been a subject of investigations. The researchers have been trying to find explanation for the heavy metal contents in sediments especially in layer silicates i.e. clay minerals, and moreover for the formation conditions of low-temperature sulphides in the Cu-ores. It has already been indicated th...

The saturated with the metal ions (Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn, Tl, Ag, Hg) clay minerals were treated by aqueous H 2 S solution under controlled Eh and pH conditions. The heavy metals ions were released and precipitated at 80 o C as sulphides, in most cases appeared to be crystalline. They often form coatings or crystals overgrown on clay minerals or form tigh...

Szczucin is a small town in the northern part of the Lesser Poland Voivodeship, where was built a factory of asbestos-cement products in the 60s of 20th century. Today in the city and community, there are deposed large quantities of asbestos wastes, which were used for hardening roads and backyards. As a result of high concentrations of asbestos fi...

The heavy metals from indfustrial dusts, soils fro Cu-smelting area, wastes and stream sediments have been examined. The industrial dusts represent multiphase systems. Dusts emitted by the metallurgical plants contain Fe-minerals - magnetite and hematite, carbonates calcite and dolomite, sulfates: gypsum, anhydrite and anglesite but also silicates:...

The mobility of contaminats from wastes was studied using aqueous, acidic leaching and sequential extraction method. Invesitigated wastes are very inhomogeneous and they characterize with diversity of pH within sampling points (2.7-8.0), and the conc. of SO42- anions (1176-1411 mg/dcm3), Fe (6.5-19%) and Zn (64-200 mg/kg) respectively.

W systemach wodnych istotne znaczenie ma określenie ilości metali zarówno w wodzie, zawiesinie jak i w osadach dennych. Osad wodny ma zdolność kumulowania metali, stąd jest dobrym wskaźnikiem zanieczyszczenia środowiska wodnego. Z ekotoksygologicznego punktu widzenia formy chemiczne metali mają znaczenie decydujące. Mobilizacja metali zależy od roz...

Contamination of rivers in the vicinity of metallurgical waste in Bukowni (Poland) and Mansfeld (Germany

The industrial dust samples represent multiphase systems. Dusts emitted by the metallurgical plant contain iron minerals: magnetite and hematite, carbonates: calcite and dolomite, sulfates: gypsum, anhydride and anglesite and silicates: quartz and mullite - the last two are the main phasesof dusts from power plant. In soil samples fromfrom Cu-smelt...

Clay minerals have been applied as heavy metal "acceptors" and "donors". The exchangeable ions: Ca+2, Na+, K+, etc. have been substituted by heavy metal ions: Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn, Tl, Ag, Hg. The ssaturated clay minerals were treated with aqueous H2S sollution. The heavy metals ions were released and precipitatedas sulphide minerals (at 80 oC); after 5...

The Vistula River and the Oder River Basins area were presented. The high spring water and the flood sediments in 2006 are showed on the pictures. Also heavy metals in flood sediments of the istula River - Krakow were presented. The XRD results and the chemical results - concentration of selected heavy metals in the flood sediments were also showed...

The saturated with the metal ions (Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn, Tl, Ag, Hg) clay minerals were treated by aqueous H 2 S solution under controlled Eh and pH conditions. The heavy metals ions were released and precipitated at 80 o C as sulphides, in most cases appeared to be crystalline. They often form coatings or crystals overgrown on clay minerals or form tigh...

Celem niniejszej pracy było określenie, w jakim stopniu osady denne rzeki Kłodnicy są zanieczyszczone. Wykonano badania zawartości metali ciężkich (Ni, Cd, Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr) w pobranych próbkach osadów w miejscach szczególnych, tj. poniżej wylotów odprowadzanych ścieków z oczyszczalni, kopalni węgla kamiennego, oraz poniżej ujścia znaczących dopływów...

Clay minerals saturated with metal anions - Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn, Tl, Ag, Hg were treated with H2S solutions under controlled Eh and pH conditions. The heavy metals ions were released and precipitated at 80 oC as sulphides and in most cases appeared to be crystalline. They often formed coatings or crystals overgrown on clay minerals formed tight intergro...

The Upper Vistula River is the most contaminated section because of mining and processing of coal and Zn-Pb ores at the Upper Silesia area. It has been found that the sediments has been strongly polluted, mainly with Cd, Zn, Pb, Cu and Cr, especially from the Przemsza River mouth (103 km) to the San River mouth (268 km). The range metal concentrati...

While the conventional Environmental geochemistry deals with natural processes of the distribution of contaminants, the geochemical Engineering uses this processes to developing of technical concepts to limit or to hinder the distribution of pollutants. There are following fundamentals ways to remove a pollutany to keep it harmless: - Dispertion, D...

In the polluted environment as well as by the formation of some ore deposits clay minerals act as "acceptors" of metals due to: - ion exchange capability, - fixation of metal ions in the interlayer, - diffusion of metal ions into structure and substitution of ions of similar sizes in the octhahedral sites. Under special conditions (pH, Eh, ionic st...

Celem niniejszej pracy było określenie, w jakim stopniu osady denne rzeki Kłodnicy są zanieczyszczone. Wykonano badania zawartości metali ciężkich (Ni, Cd, Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr) w pobranych próbkach osadów w miejscach szczególnych, tj. poniżej wylotów odprowadzanych ścieków z oczyszczalni, kopalni węgla kamiennego, oraz poniżej ujścia znaczących dopływów...

Heavy rains in the southern Poland resulted in unusual increase of the water levels in the southern Odra and Vistula Rivers catchment area. Due to the rains, up to 50-60 mm/day, which occured on 30 Julay the retention of the soil had decreased significantly. The results of this studies show that, both the flood bulk sediment samples, and their < 20...

The both main rivers in Poland drain the Upper Silesian mining and metallurgicalindustrial area. The oder river drain the Lower Silesian mining and copper smelting areas, which impose harmful, usually irreversibler, effects on the terrestial and aquatic environments. Among ca. 700 million tonnes/year of mineral commodities which had been exploited...

Heavy rains in the southern part of Poland resulted in unusual increase of the water levels mainly in the southern Odra and Vistula Rivers catchment areas. Due to the rains, up to 50-60 mm/day, which occurred on 30 June - 1 July the retention of the soil has decreased significantly. After the rainy period at the beginning of July (5-9.07) the flood...

Selected clay minerals: kaolinite, (with and without Fe-oxides, Illite, Smectite were fully satutated with water soluble salts of Heavy metal ions (Pb, Cu.Fe....), than the clay minerals were treated with water contaminated H2S at the temperature 80-85oC. In this way the heavy metal ions were again extracted and precipitated as sulphides, e.g., Cha...

The exchangeable ions: Ca +2, Na+, K+, etc. have been substituted By heavy metals ion: Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn, Tl, Ag, Hg. The saturated clay minerals were treated by aqueouse H2S sollution under controlled Eh and pH. The heavy metals ions were released and precipitated as sulphides minerals: covellite CuS, galena PbS, sphalerite ZnS and also as Cu-Fe- min...

W systemach wodnych istotne znaczenie ma określenie ilości metali zarówno w wodzie, zawiesinie jak i w osadach dennych. Osad wodny ma zdolność kumulowania metali, stąd jest dobrym wskaźnikiem zanieczyszczenia środowiska wodnego. Z ekotoksygologicznego punktu widzenia formy chemiczne metali mają znaczenie decydujące. Mobilizacja metali zależy od roz...

Mining activities generate huge volume of wastes, from which spoils and cleaning wastes are the most important. At the end of 2000 almost 600 mln Mg of coal mining wastes were accumulated at the surface. Petrographically the wastes are Carboniferous claystones, mudstones and sandstones, Katowice province (Upper Silesia Coal Basin) in Poland. From t...

Mining activities generate huge volume of wastes, from which spoils and cleaning wastes are the most important. At the end of 2000 Year almost 600 mln Mg of coal mining wastes were accumulated at the surface. Petrographically the wastes are Carboniferous claystones, mudstones and sandstones, Katowice province (Upper Silesia Coal Basin) in Poland. F...

Mining activities generate huge volume of wastes, from which spoils and cleaning wastes are the most important. At the end of 2000 almost 600 mln Mg of coal mining wastes were accumulated at the surface. Petrographic ally the wastes are Carboniferous claystones, mudstones and sandstones, Katowice province (Upper Silesia Coal Basin) in Poland. From...

Mining activities generate huge volume of wastes, from which spoils and cleaning wastes are the most important. At the end of 2000 almost 600 mln Mg of coal mining wastes were accumulated at the surface. Petrographically the wastes are Carboniferous claystones, mudstones and sandstones, Katowice province (Upper Silesia Coal Basin) in Poland. From t...

In Poland the sources of metals in the rivers are Cu- and Zn-Pb mining and smelting, in Lower and Upper Silesia respectively and chemical industry. Extensive study on metal content in the Oder River showed that the most notable concentrations of Cd, Zn, Pb, Cu in sediments were found. In Germany: the Danube, Rhine, Ems, Weser and Elbe Rivers are mo...

Szczucin is a small town in the northern part of the Lesser Poland Voivodeship, where was built a factory of asbestos-cement products in the 60s of 20th century. Today in the city and community, there are deposed large quantities of asbestos wastes, which were used for hardening roads and backyards. As a result of high concentrations of asbestos fi...

Przeprowadzono badania - przykłady: Prowadzone BADANIA - Przykłady Osady denne (rzeczne, jeziorne, morskie) Zawiesina rzeczna Rdzenie osadów rzecznych Gleby z obszarów uprzemysłowionych Odpady przemysłowe? Metody pośrednie - wymywanie wodne metali - (wymywanie) ekstrakcja metali kwasami - sekwencyjna ekstrakcja chemiczna metali Zastosowano metod...

This study presents the chemical phase composition of soil samples taken from the waste disposal, and analyzed concentrations of heavy metals. The results have shown low concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cr and Ni and the presence of asbestos minerals i.e. chrysotile and crocidolite fibers in the surface layers of soils covering the landfill. W 2010 roku...

The Odra River catchment -quality classes of sediments contamination with Zn and Cd were analysed. Also the vertical variability of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn speciations in the sediment core of the Oder tributary (e.g. the Mala Panew River, the Przemsza River were presented.

Rzeka Kłodnica to prawobrzeżny dopływ Górnej Odry, o długości około 84 km. Zgodnie z podziałem na regiony fizyczno-geograficzne Polski według Kondrackiego zlewnia Kłodnicy położona jest w obszarze regionu Wyżyny Katowickiej i Kotliny Raciborskiej (zał. Nr 1). Administracyjnie leży na obszarze dwóch województw: śląskiego i opolskiego. Całkowita powi...

The saturated with the metal ions (Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn, Tl, Ag, Hg) clay minerals were treated by aqueous H2S solution under controlled Eh and pH conditions. The heavy metals ions were released and precipitated at 80oC as sulphides, in most cases appeared to be crystalline. They often form coatings or crystals overgrown on clay minerals or form tight in...

In the study we have selected the Mala Panew River (Upper Silesia), as one of the most pollured rivers in Poland, due very long exploitation and processing of Zn and Pb ores. We studied the sediment profiles because of long term of environment impacts.

After the flood in July 1997 ca. 60 samples of flood sediments were taken from the Odra river and its tributaries at the distans from Olza town (close to Czech border) to Slubice. These report presents the results for the tributaries - for Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu, and also Cr, Ni, Co, Mn, and Fe in the sediments of Odra river. There are also shown results f...

Clay minerals and their active surface play an important role in the acumulation, sorption/desorption, as well as exchange processes of many trace metals ions. The exchangeable ions: Ca, Na, K, etc. have been substituted by ionf of: Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn, Tl, Ag, Hg. The saturated clay minerals were treed with H2S solution (Controled Eh, Ph conditions); i...

The mining and smelting industry has caused a great deal of devastation of the environment in Poland. The most endangered surficial waters are the upper courses of both the Vistula (and its Upper Silesian tributaries) and Odra rivers, where the toxic contaminants must be consider. Most of the polluting substances originate from highly mineralized w...

The industrial dusts represent multiphase systems. Dusts emited from a steelworks contain iron minerals: magnetite and hematite, carbonates: calcite and dolomite, sulphate: gypsum, anhydrite, anglesite and silicates: quartz and mulite. From the results of sequantial extraction methods two groups of metals were distinguished: (1) Cd, Zn, Mn and Ni t...

The saturated with the metal ions (Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn, Tl, Ag, Hg) clay minerals were treated by aqueous H 2 S solution under controlled Eh and pH conditions. The heavy metals ions were released and precipitated at 80 o C as sulphides, in most cases appeared to be crystalline. They often form coatings or crystals overgrown on clay minerals or form tigh...

Abstract The saturated with the metal ions (Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn, Tl, Ag, Hg) clay minerals were treated by aqueous H2S solution under controlled Eh and pH conditions. The heavy metals ions were released and precipitated at 80oC as sulphides, in most cases appeared to be crystalline. They often form coatings or crystals overgrown on clay minerals or for...

Chemical speciations of heavy metals in different type of Sea depandes very strongly on the sea water salinity and on type of sediments. Very important was the mineralogical compositions - concentration and types of minerals. Clay minerals are the most important consudering the sorption and desorption capacity of heavy metals.

The sulfides characteristic of unoxic sediments show partly very low temperature stability. Basing on this low stability, an attempt has been made to synthetize sulfide minerals in the water medium through the solid phase solutions by means of thermostate. The following sulfides were crystallized: CuS - Covellite, PbS - Galena, CdS Hawleyite, Metac...

We have determine chemical composition of post processed acidic waste stream as a preliminary step for further reuse, immobilization or reclamations. Both waste and plant samples were analyzed with respect to heavy metals concentration using microwave digestion (conc. HNO3) . Investigated wastes was very inhomogeneuse, with diversity of pH within s...

The sulfides characteristic of Kupferschiefer ores show partly very low temperature stability. Basing on this fact attempts have been made to synthesize sulfide minerals in water medium through the solid phase solution interaction by means of thermostat. In the sulfide formation the layer silicates act as "acseptor" and "donor" of heavy metals ions...

The both main rivers drain the Upper Silesian mining and metallurgical industrial area. Moreover, the Oder River draions the Lower Silesian mining and copper smelting areas. Mining and smelting activities impose harmful, usually irreversible effects on the terrestrial and aquatic environments. This mineral commodities which had been exploited durin...

In the river system very important is to study the amounts of heavy metals in waters, suspended matter and bottom sediments. The sediment accumulate the highest amount of metals. Our investigations (in 1997) showed that the Upper Odra River was very strong contaminated with heavy metals (mg/kg): Cd up to 16, Pb up to 3954, Cu up to 1784 and Zn up t...

Przedstawiono formy występowania metali śladowych oraz ich mobilność w osadach rzecznych. Parametry te są zróżnicowane w zależności od pory roku, odcinka rzeki (obszar uprzemysłowiony czy rolniczy). Najbardziej mobilne są cynk i kadm.

High atmospheric precipitation in July 1997 caused high water stage in Odra River and in father consequence flooding of the huge ground e.g. industrial and agricultural areas, waste dumping, and wastewater treatment plants. Flood catastrophe entailed leaching of pollution e.g. heavy metals into surface and ground waters. In order to estimate level...

In the Upper Silesia area the main sources of metals are mining and smelting of Zn and Pb in the Bukowno - Olkusz and Bytom regions. Previous study [3] showed that soils in the vicinity of a Zn-smelter in Bukowno contained high concentration (mg/kg) of Zn, Pb, Cd, Tl and As: 234-12 400; 42-3570; 25-133; 3.1-146; 25-133, respectively. However, recen...

The presentation is on: Effects of coal mining on the environments: Coal mining activities impose harmful, usually irreversible impacts on the terrestial and aquatic environments: - terrain deformation; - waste generation - changes of landscape; - changes in hydrogeological system; - contamination of atmosphere; - contamination of soils.

A study was made for regional environmental monitoring covering about 100 ha of an area exposed to many sources of metals deposition but mainly from Zn-Pb mining and smelting operations of the Bukowno at Upper Sislesia in Poland. Five different media were sampled and analysed for selected trace metals: Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, Ni, Tl and As.

Sediments cores were taken from Mala Panew River at the Upper Silesia area to determine the heavy metal content in the different depth sections. The results of sequential extraction are reported in order to evaluate the metals mobility. The obtained results were used to estimate the distributions of metals in the sediment depth profiles and their p...

- Presentation of the Vistula and Odra Rivers basins areas. - Presentation of high spring water in apiril 2oo6. - Flood in Krakow - the Vistula River flood sediments presentations. - Presentation of the Upper Vistula River and its Carpathian tributaries. - Presentation of interesting flood view. - Presentation of the results of heavy metals in floo...

The speciations of Zn, Ni, Cu, Cd, Pb, Cr, Fe, Mn in the sediments of the Vistula River and south Baltic Sea were studied. In river sediments most of Cr, Ni, Fe and Pb is concentratedin residual fractions. In the Baltic sea sediments for most metals the silicates and coarse carbonates of residual fraction are the main matrices. The sulfides and org...

Recently hard coal hase been mined in 6 mines in three regions: (1) Upper Silesia CCoal Basin (USCB), (2) Rybnik Coal District (RCD), and (3) Lublin Coal Mining (LCB). Lignat has been mined in 5 open pits and three regions: (1) Bełchatów Brown Coal Basin (BBCB), Konin-Adamów Brown Coal Basin (K-ABCB), and (3) Turoszów Brown Coal Basin (TBCB).

In Poland the sources of metals in the rivers are Cu- and Zn-Pb mining and smelting, in Lower and Upper Silesia respectively and chemical industry. Extensive study on metal content in the Oder River showed that the most notable concentrations of Cd, Zn, Pb, Cu in sediments were found. In Germany: the Danube, Rhine, Ems, Weser and Elbe Rivers are mo...

The content of heavy metals: Cd, Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr, Ni, Mn and Fe was estimated in the bottom sediments of the Upper Vistula River and some of its tributaries. The obtained results: the fixation of some heavy metals by bottom sediments can be higher than expected. It seems that teh "open" structures of 3-layer clay minerals can offer suitable difusion...

Geochemical data obtained from the field sampling are traditionally interpolated to produce contour maps. "External" factors do not reflect. Spatial analysis (GIS) allows taking into account all these elements. It is uused heare as a tool for searching and examining relationships between spatial factors and the distribution of metals. Final models...

This paper presents investigations of the mineralogical composition of Santonian clays recovered from the "Janina" mine near Boleslawiec (Lower Sileia). It was found that their charaoteristic feature is the present kaolinite showing a higher dehydroxylation temprature (DTTA peak at 670oC) This kaolinite occurs in grain size classes 2-45 um.

Changes in microtexture surface of quartz grains and in grain-size distribution of quartz in weathering crust were examined. This phenomena were coused by chemical dissolution of quartz during kaolinization of granite rocks. Grain-size distribution of quartz in parentgranitic rocks was found to be lognormal, truncated on both sides. During weatheri...

The pollution status of the Odra riversystem has been investigated since May 1997 in framework of the International Odra Project. Four joint sampling campaings were carried out for water, suspended matter as well as sediments were takan at 100 defined sampling points. First activities were directed to studies of consequences of the Odra River flood...

Invesigations adresses the issue of industrial acidic wastes with pH 2-3, originating from chemical surface etching of steel with sulfuric acid. Neutralization of the examined wastes and immobilization on its contaminants, mostly heavy metals, were performed using two types of alkaline fly ashes (pH 12,5 and 14) from electrical power plant. It was...

In this Grant I made two experiments: sorption and desorption of heavy metals on clayey suspensions: the coal kaolinitic shale Borynia and the smectitic clay Mencinka. This uptake of metal ions from the solutions decreases at higher metal conc. and at 2,500 mg/dm3 it falls to about 20-40%, depending on metal. The respective values for the clayey sh...

This article are the following reults: spatial distribution of Fe and Zn in bottom sediments of Lake Wigry (over 300 samples of top (0-5 cm) sediments and than conc. of Fe and Zn was analysed. The GIS method was used. Results showed that spatial distribiutions of Fe and Zn is the most affected by distance from Czarna Hancza esuary.

Quality of the river system in the vicinity of the industrial waste disposal site in the Nitric Plant in Tarnów was examined. The conc. of selected anions and trace metals in water of four rivers were studied and quality assessment with respect to obtained factors took place on the basis of polish surface water classification. LAWA casification was...

Clay minerals saturated with metal ions: Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn, Tl, Ag, Hg, were treated by H2S solutions under controlled Eh and pH. The metal ions were released and precipitated at 80 oC as sulphides, which appeard mainly to be crystalline; offen formed coatings or crystals overgrown on clay minerals: CuS, PbS and ZnS, but alsoCu-Fe-minerals: chalcopyri...

Status of WFD sediment issues in EU and requierments for decision-making for sediment management at the river basin scale are discreibed. In this work we reviews the river sediments contamination with heavy metals from historical contaminated areas in Europe. The distribution of metals conc. on the Elbe and Oder Rivers sediments showed that their s...

The chemical and mineralogical forms of Cu & Pb in a soil sample shows 7400 and 1960 mg/kg of this metals respectively,; sample were taken in the visinity of copper and lead smelter at Legnica, Poland. About 70 and 60% of Cu and Pb was mobilized from the exchangeable and carbonatic fractions of the soils. SEM/EDX study of soil particle size fractio...

The influence of Fe-coatings on adsorption of Zn were studied on kaolinite, illite and smectite. results obtained indicate that adsorption of Zn, Fe-oxides have some influance on kaolinite but less on illite and smectite. More important are e.g. CEC, SSA for the adsorption behavior of Zn on trioctahedral clay minerals.

Intensive mining and smelting processes at the Bukowno (Poland) area started in 19th century, while at Mansfeld (Germany) region in 18th century. High conc. of heavy metals were stated in soils in an area of contemporary and extensive historical mining and smelting of Zn and Pb near Bukowno and Olkusz in Poland. Thre is a lack of data which charact...

The stabilizing effect with of Ca(OH)2 on argillaceous soils with different mineral composition was studied. Addition of Ca(OF)2 coused an increase in the strength of soils attaining the values - a dozen or, in the case of some soils, even several dozen MN/m2. The strength in soil-calcium mixtures depends on the mineral composition of the soil. The...

Quality of the river system in the vicinity of the industrial disposal site of the Nitric Plant in Tarnow was examined. The concentration of selected anions and trace metals in water of four rivers were studied and quality assessment with respect to obtained factors took place on the basis of polish surface water classification. Concentration of me...

Poland is relatively rich in mineral raw materials. From ca. 80 mineral comodities exploited recently the most important are: hard and brown coals; copper, zinc and lead ores; native sulfur and rock salt.

During the last 100-150 years, a conciderable increase of heavy metals conc. in the river sediments has been observed. The highest metal conc. in the river sediments was foun for Cd, Pb. Cu, and Zn. maximum conc. for the metals were (mg/kg) 500 for Cd, 3500 for Pb, 750 for Cu and 34900 for Zn, respectively. From all studied metals, Cd and Zn seems...

In the SPM and bottom sediments of the Odra river significant amount of hevy matals amount was found. Median concentrations for Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn and As in the SPM and sediments were (mg/kg) 7.3 and 8,9, 97.2 and 119, 79.2 and 97.2, 1221 and 1158 and 52.9 and 67.9, respectively. From all metals studied, Cd, Zn and As appear to be of particular concern...

An extraction sequence in three steps with three extractans was used to removal of Fe-oxide coatings from kaolinit, , illite, mixed layer smectite/illite. The CEC shows no significant change for smectite/illite, a smal increasefor kaolinite after treatment with thr extractants.

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