Ebrar Ozkalay

University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland · Institute for Applied Sustainability to the Built Environment

Because building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) modules are fully integrated into a building envelope, the back of the module can be exposed to little or no ventilation, resulting in increased operating temperatures. As the temperature increases, the performance of the modules decreases, and the durability of the module and its polymeric components...

Residential photovoltaic systems often experience partial shading from chimneys, trees or other structures, which can induce hot-spots in the modules. If the temperature and frequency of these hot-spots are high, the module's reliability and safety may be at risk. IEC 61215-2:2021 hot-spot endurance test is utilized to evaluate the materials' abili...

Bifacial crystalline Silicon (Si) photovoltaic (PV) devices are attracting considerable interest from manufacturers and the market since they can enhance the performance in comparison with traditional monofacial PV devices. Technical specification IEC TS 60904-1-2 was published in 2019 and proposes several characterization methods for bifacial PV d...

Because of building skin integration with restricted or reduced rear-side ventilation, elevated operating temperatures are expected in building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) modules and systems, which may impact their long performance and reliability. This article reports an analysis of operating temperatures and diurnal (day–night) temperature v...

Building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) operate in a unique environment compared to field‐mounted systems, and may experience elevated temperatures and recurrent or persistent shading. These stresses are expected to accelerate degradation, but there are few performance reports for true BIPV systems as defined in IEC 63092‐1. This work reports the...

In the construction sector, more and more opportunities offer the possibility to produce energy from photovoltaic conversion, both in building skin and other parts such as balconies and terraces. Mainly, among the possible PV modules, glass-glass modules used as balustrades, positioned vertically, with bifacial solar cells, are examined in the pres...

In Alpine countries such as Austria and Switzerland, PV systems are to be increasingly installed in mountain regions in the future. The main reasons for this are (i) the lack of open space in the valleys and plains and (ii) the expected higher (winter) energy production at higher altitudes. Due to higher irradiation and lower ambient temperatures,...

Using outdoor time-series $I$ – $V$ curves, the analytic $I$ $_{\rm sc}$ – $V$ $_{\rm oc}$ method was applied to glass/backsheet and glass/glass crystalline silicon module constructions with ventilated and insulated mounting configurations in order to explore contributing factors to degradation in the power performance. The rates of power l...

The individual country reports present a status overview of each European Cost Member country of Cost Action PEARL PV, as well as Cooperating Member country Israel, in order to provide an overview of PV system implementation, affiliated policies for renewable energy and PV research programmes across this group of countries in and around the year 20...

To investigate the effect of the operating temperature on the performance of building integrated photovoltaic modules, two different crystalline silicon (c-Si) module types (glass/backsheet and glass/glass) with two different mounting configurations (ventilated and insulated) were installed in Canobbio, Switzerland and monitored over more than four...

The bifacial crystalline silicon (Si) photovoltaic (PV) module market has grown significantly in recent years since they offer the opportunity for increased performance in comparison to conventional monofacial PV modules. This is because both sides of the cells can absorb solar radiation, utilizing the scattered light from the ground and surroundin...

Bifacial crystalline Si photovoltaic modules have attracted considerable interest in the last years, since they can enhance the performance in comparison to traditional PV modules because both sides of the cell can absorb solar radiation. To assess their performance and quality, PV modules are measured and characterized under standard test conditio...

In this paper we show the results from indoor and outdoor measurements on solar cells and modules, manufactured with different bifacial and monofacial cell architectures and encapsulated in different configurations. Reflection/transmission, IV and IQE spectra of single-cell laminates were measured and used to determine the energy spectra for all he...

Nanofluids are becoming a significant candidate for new generation coolants to be used in industrial applications. In order to reduce clustering and sedimentation of nanoparticles and improve the heat transfer performance simultaneously, magnetic fluids prepared with magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles dispersed in water, which were placed in a pool and w...