Dr.Kadhim A Aadim

• University of Baghdad, college of Science , Dept. of Physics, Doctor in plasma physcis
• Baghdad University College of Science

This study investigates the synthesis and characterization of silver oxide nanoparticles (AgO NPs) using the Nd:YAG pulsed laser ablation technique. The research objective was to develop a colloidal solution of AgO NPs and evaluate their optical and structural properties at various energy levels. Using an Nd: YAG laser, a colloidal solution of AgO...

In this work, optical emission spectra of laser induced plasma generated by Nd: YAG laser with a fundamental wavelength of (1064) nm from zinc: copper target (Zn: Cu) at a mixing ratio of 0.7:0.3 using different pulsed energy within range (400–800) mJ. The Boltzmann plot approach was used to calculate the electron temperature (Te) while the Stark b...

This study focused on examining the properties of the plasma, using advanced spectroscopic methods to measure the electron temperature, electron density, and plasma frequency. The plasma spectrum of a bronze alloy containing 80% copper and 20% tin was recorded. The analysis was performed using laser spectroscopy under atmospheric pressure, with las...

The study investigated the antibacterial properties of chromium nanoparticles using Pulse laser ablation technology. The nanoparticles were produced using a Q-switched Nd:YAG pulsed laser of 532 nm and pulsed laser energies ranging from 400mJ to 700mJ at a frequency of 6 Hz. The properties of the nanoparticles were characterized using various techn...

This study is a spectroscopic study to investigate the effects of pulse laser energy and target content of (CdTe)1−x:Snx on plasma parameters during deposition of thin film and the correlation of these parameters with the properties of the prepared thin films. The plasma parameters, including electron temperature and electron number density, in add...

In this study, a microwave induced plasma jet (MIPJ) system was used to generate a non-thermal plasma jet with a standard frequency of 2.45 GHz in the microwave power range of 800 W at atmospheric pressure. Argon (Ar) gas was flowed around the burner in an adjustable ratio using a flow meter and controller. The effects of the microwave induced plas...

In this work, zinc nanoparticles were prepared using the low-temperature plasma method at different times 3 min, 5 min, 7 min, 9 min, where the initial reactions of zinc lead to the formation of nanoparticles. The metal interacts with the ionized plasma under different conditions and may turn into an oxide such as exposing the sample to air and rai...

The current study illustrates the ZnO(x):NiO(1−x) thin film synthesis using pulsed laser deposition at two different energy levels, 800 and 1000 mJ. The characteristics of the synthesized ZnO-NiO mixture were determined. XRF analysis obviously proved the presence of ZnO and NiO in thin film, with a high concentration ratio of Zn to Ni, suggesting m...

In this work, the glow spectrum from a neon strip lamp, used in homes and all private places, was diagnosed using optical emission spectroscopy (OES), to measure plasma parameters from spectral data (electrons density, electrons temperature, plasma frequency, Debye length). The intensity of the emission spectrum increases with increasing the applie...

A cold Ar plasma system operated under atmospheric pressure was used in this study. Copper nanoparticles were prepared at a gas flow rate of 2.5 ltr/min and time of 4 min. For CuO nanoparticles prepared using AC plasma, it was found that the energy band gap was 3.93eV, crystallite size was 54.32nm, nanoparticle size was 35-65nm. For CuO nanoparticl...

In this paper, we synthesized copper nanoparticles under atmospheric conditions Using jet plasma in the electrolysis system at different flow rates (0.25 ,0.75,1.75,2.25) and with a constant time and voltage of 6 min, 16 kV, respectively. The cathode was constructed using atmospheric pressure plasma, while the anode consisted of copper tape. Struct...

In this study, in order to design thin films of Zinc Oxide, we used a pulsed laser deposition process and investigated their properties. XRD patterns for ZnO corresponding to (100), (002),(101) and (102). The absorbance spectra of thin ZnO film showed a maximum intake peak shifting towards longer wavelengths. An increase and decrease in the transmi...

Plasma properties of an iron plasma jet produced by a continuous DC voltage of 13 kV are investigated in this work. Frequency of Plasma \(\left( {{\text{f}}_{{\text{b}}} } \right)\), length of Debye \(\left( {\lambda _{{\text{D}}} } \right)\), electron density \(\left( {{\text{n}}_{{\text{e}}} } \right)\), and particle temperature \(\left( {{\text{...

The synthesis of a ZnO:NiO nano-composite via pulsed laser deposition was described in this study. The XRF analysis confirms the presence of ZnO and NiO with a high ratio of concentration Zn and Ni, indicating that the majority of the introduced Zn and Ni was kept in the sample structure without significant loss during the preparation process. A Zn...

This study employed a cold plasma jet system operating under normal atmospheric pressure, generated from argon gas. Variations in argon gas flow were observed to impact plasma properties within flow rates ranging from 0.25 to 2.25 L/min. Utilizing argon gas to construct the plasma jet system, acting as the cathode, emission spectra of two metals (N...

In this paper, a cold plasma system utilizing a high voltage of 13.5 kV of alternative (AC) and direct current (DC) was used under atmospheric pressure with argon (Ar)-gas at a flow rate of 2.5 l/min and a flowing time of 4 min to synthesize aluminum oxide (AlO) nanoparticles (NP). From the results, when DC was used, it was found that the absorptio...

In this research, thin films of cadmium oxide (CdO) and cadmium oxide doped with pure copper (CdO: Cu) attracted a lot of attention due to their applications in electronic and optical devices. Thin films were adopted in this work that were deposited on substrates made of glass using laser-induced plasma technology at (1064nm, 6x10-2mbr, and 6 Hz )...

In this work, the porous silicon (PS) layers were prepared with the electrochemical etching technique of the n-type silicon with the resistance (3.2 µm) in the hydrofluoric acid (HF) at a concentration of (1 ml )with the current density of (25 mA/cm²) with a (20) minute etching time. The morphological advantages (AFM) and the electrical properties...

This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of plasma activated medium (PAM) on breast cancer cell lines (MCF7 and AMJ13) and compared it to non malignant one (ASCs). The cytotoxic effect of 10,15,20, and 25 min prepared PAM was measured and the results indicated that all cells were influenced in the exposure times (20 and 25)min, especially after...

This study was aimed to assess the influence of plasma activated medium (PAM) on some parameters of breast cancer cell lines (MCF7 and AMJ13) in comparison to normal adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). First, nitric oxide (NO) production within the used media (RPMI-1640 and MEM) was examined beyond different exposure time (10,15,20, and 25) minutes...

This work aims to evaluate the effect of Nd:YAG laser beam energy on the properties of plasma that is formed by directing the laser beam on a solid target (pure cadmium oxide and copper-doped cadmium oxide) in air under influence of atmospheric pressure. Plasma is formed throughout the use of laser pulses with different energies (500, 600, and 700m...

The oxidative removal of two selected azo dyes (methyl orange and methyl red) and one non-azo dye (bromothymol blue) from their aqueous solutions was assessed separately and in mixture using a gas–liquid interface non-thermal plasma (NTP) reactor. Dye degradation efficiencies were evaluated under different Ar gas flow rates (1.0–8.0 L/min), applied...

Tin oxide (Sn) nanoparticles were prepared by pulsed laser ablation (PLA) method at different laser energies (400-700mJ). (UV, XRD, AFM, SEM, EDS) methods were employed to determine the properties of nanomaterials. The optical properties showed that the energy gap decreased with increasing laser power; the structural properties showed the relations...

Nonthermal plasma jets produced by atmospheric pressure discharges are a fast-developing technology with wide-ranging applications. To generate a plasma jet, a system capable of generating a plasma jet is designed and fabricated, characterized by a DC power supply with an output of 20 kV, 5 µA, and 60 kHz, and operated with argon gas as carrier gas...

The excessive use of antibiotics led to the appearance of many strains of resistant bacteria, so it became necessary to use new antibacterial techniques. The aim of this work is the synthesis of novel core–shell NPs (NiO@ZnO) for antibacterial applications. A novel NiO@ZnO core–shell nanomaterial with a nanosize and uniform shape has been synthesis...

Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) were prepared in this work by laser ablation from a copper target immersed in deionized water. Q-switched Nd: YAG laser of fundamental wavelength (1064 nm) with different laser energies (600, 700, and 800 mJ) of 2 mm2 laser spot area, using 600 plusses were used. Structural, morphological, and optical properties of...

The induced plasma technique was used in the current investigation to create lead oxide nanoparticles from bulk structures at various bombardment periods (4,6,8,10) min. The process will be carried out in the presence of argon gas that flows at a constant rate (3 L/sec). These nanoparticles were created as thin layers on various thicknesses of glas...

In this paper, thin films of various thicknesses were generated on a glass substrate with PLD technology utilizing an Nd:YAG primary laser of 1064 nm wavelength and energies 400 and 700 mJ, frequency 6 Hz, and laser pulses 200 pulses to induce cadmium oxide (CdO) and mixing with tin (Sn). X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to analyze the structural p...

In this study, a system of nonthermal plasma that was operated under atmospheric pressure and was powered by argon gas was employed. The particular plasma properties are affected by changes in the Ar gas flow ranges from 0.5 to 2.5 l/min, product by stream of the plasma jet that is utilized. By using the aforementioned method generated from AC and...

One of the physical methods for manufacturing nanoparticles that adopts a top-down approach is the laser ablation method, which is characterized by ease, speed, and low cost. In this work, we resorted to using this method to fabricate nanoparticles from zinc by ablation with Q-switched Nd:YAG laser in ethanol, with the repetition rate of pulses (6...

The plasma characteristics were determined using the optical emission spectroscopy (OES) technique for the zirconium (Zr), zinc oxide (ZnO), and mix between Zr and ZnO with ratios of (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4), by applying Nd:YAG laser pulses on them. Pulsed lasers with energies of 200, 240, 280 and 320 mJ (corresponding to wavelengths of 1064 nm) we...

This research studied the effects of different laser energies on structural and optical properties. We prepared CdTe thin films by PLD technique using an Nd:YAG laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm and different energies (400, 500, 600, and 700 mJ). The practical experiments were carried out at a temperature of 200 °C. XRD results revealed that all t...

In this work, plasma system that operates at vacuum was designed and built using a sheet of cobalt metal for the purpose of diagnosing plasma and measuring its parameters, as it is very important to know the processes that accompany plasma generation and are closely related to them, including the electron density in the plasma and its temperature....

Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) was used to create thin copper-doped cadmium oxide (CdO) films at various concentrations. The deposition process was done at room temperature (300 K). The surface morphology of the CdO thin films revealed an intricate network resembling a prism. The cubic crystal nanostructure and the CdO thin films are aligned in a (1...

In this investigation, thin films of CdO:Zn were synthesized by using the technology of pulsed lasers. Additionally, the effect of different concentrations of Zn doping on the material's physical properties was investigated. According to XRD research, the films have a polycrystalline structure, and it was discovered that the size of the crystallite...

In this paper, ZnO NPs were prepared using D.C high-voltage and high frequency with an output of 6 kHz at two different preparation times preparation (10,12) minutes. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with (FE-SEM) was used to examine the homogenous, compact, and dense surface of the zinc oxide nanoparticles created with apparent grain size de...

In the present study, nanoparticles of cadmium oxide have been prepared from bulk structures by the induced plasma technique at different bombardment times. These nanoparticles were prepared as thin layers on glass substrates with different thicknesses (prepared at different times of shelling). After that, they were analyzed with a UV-visible spect...

Given their versatile nature and wide range of possible applications, core–shell nanoparticles (NPs) have received considerable attention. This paper proposes a novel method for synthesizing ZnO@NiO core–shell nanoparticles using a hybrid technique. The characterization demonstrates the successful formation of ZnO@NiO core–shell nanoparticles, whic...

The preparation of metallic nano particle solutions is one of the most significant fields of modern research. This methodology varies from conventional nanoparticle preparation processes. The process is based on the irradiation of a pulsed laser with a gold layer submerged distilled water solution. In the present search the preparation of nano- gol...

The spectrum capture optical emission technique is used to examine zeolite plasma parameters such as electron temperature (Te), electron density (ne), plasma frequency (fp), Debye length (D), and amount of Debye (ND). Different energy shapes are used with a maximum of (700-1000) mJ. The temperature is calculated using the Boltzmann Plote, while the...

Zinc Oxide thin film of 2 μm thickness has been grown on glass substrate by pulsed laser deposition technique at substrate temperature of 500 oC under the vacuum pressure of 8×10-2 mbar. The optical properties concerning the absorption, and transmission spectra were studied for the prepared thin film. From the transmission spectra, the optical gap...

Advancements in nanomedicine helped scientists design a new class of nanoparticles known as hybrid nanoparticles (core/shell) for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. An essential requirement for the successful use of nanoparticles in biomedical applications is their low toxicity. Therefore, toxicological profiling is necessary to understand the me...

In this study, the plasma formed by the preparation of Se and Tin (Sn) using a Nd: YAG laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm in air, which was then studied using the technique of optical emission spectrum, was presented (OES).The laser-induced plasma parameters such an electron temperature (Te) were identified using two-ratio methods, using Stark broa...

Advancements in nanomedicine helped scientists design a new class of nanoparticles known as hybrid nanoparticles (core/shell) for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. An essential requirement for the successful use of nanoparticles in biomedical applications is their low toxicity. Therefore, toxicological profiling is necessary to understand the me...

This study uses the optical emission spectroscopy (OES) technique to find the lead(Pb) and sulfur (S) plasma parameters employing a pulse of Nd: YAG laser (Q-switched 1064nm wavelength) and different laser energies of (400,500,600 and 700 mJ). The electron temperature Te (eV) is calculated using the Boltzmann-Plot method, and the electron density n...

The Pulse laser deposition technique was used in the preparation of nanoparticle solutions (CdO) using Nd:YAG laser and five deposition energies (400, 500, 600, 700 and 800 mJ) with fixed pulses (300 pulse and 6 Hz) was used . (CdO) nanoparticles were deposited on glass substrate at (300C°) to study structure properties and formed thin films of thi...

The science of nanomaterials is concerned with the manufacture of small particles with a scale ranging from 1-100 nanometers. The ginger plant is commonly used in the medical and food sectors. The process of converting herbal materials into nanomaterials and then grafting them with elements such as gold and silver increases the efficiency of these...

In this work, the effect of laser energy on the properties of a calcium plasma generated by a Q-switched Nd: YAG laser at the fundamental wavelength was studied using spectroscopy. The Boltzmann plot and Stark broadening method were used to measure the main plasma parameters (electron temperature and electron density). The electron temperature rang...

un-doped and Cd doped PbS nano crystalline thin films were deposited on glass substrates by pulsed laser deposition technique. This technique was used to obtain a high-quality product thin films with enhanced preparatory limits. X-ray diffraction, optical absorption, and energy-dispersive X-ray analyzers were used to characterize these films to inv...

in this work, the Optical emission Spectrum technique (OES) has used to analyze the spectrum resulting from ZnO plasma in air produced by Nd:YAG laser,(λ=532 nm), duration (10 ns) in the range of energy of (700-1000 mJ) with ratio (X=0.5), distance from the optical fiber to the target (2 mm), also distance from the laser to the target (10 cm). and...

A LIBS technique was used to investigate the antibacterial activity of calcium oxide nanoparticles (CaO NPs). CaO NPs were prepared using a Q-switched Nd: YAG pulsed laser with a fundamental wavelength of 1064 nm at different energies (400-600 mJ) and constant frequency (6 Hz). A calcium powder sample was prepared after being pressed into a disc wi...

Pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) technique can produce high purity nanoparticles, it is a top-down physical method based on the principle of dividing metal ion bulk precursors into metal atoms, this method was used in this work to synthesis cobalt nanoparticals (CoPNs) with the use of Nd: YAG laser with two wavelengths (355 nm) and (532 nm) a...

It is the first time that gallium oxide has been used to study its medicinal effect on alloxan-induced diabetes in male rats. Diabetes is a hyperglycemic metabolic condition caused by defects of insulin secretion and function. The two effects of chemical products and herbal medicine in the treatment of diabetes have been examined in many studies. T...

Lithium ion batteries were dominant as a power source for the numerous applications and recently were the essential for the electric vehicles. Between the different performance parameters resources, strength, cycle life, cost and safety we demonstrate on the safety chemical reactions for more efficient energy by using titanium dioxide, zinc oxide a...

The creation and characterization of laser-generated plasma are affected by laser irradiance, representing significant phenomena in many applications. The present work studied the spectroscopy diagnostic of laser irradiance effect on Zn plasma features created in the air by a Q-switched Nd: YAG laser at the fundamental wavelength (1064nm). The majo...

In this study, the LIBS technique was used to generate plasma from the Sn and Sn:Cr surfaces of these nanomaterials and to quantify the spectral emission of tin and chromium-containing tin. Nd-YAG laser has a wavelength of 1064 nm and a frequency of 6 Hz. After computing the plasma parameters, it was determined that the electron temperature is plas...

In recent years, biologists, chemists, materials scientists, and engineers have become interested in Nano-sized particles because of their unique properties. In this paper, ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized using an Nd: YAG laser with 800 mJ at 1064 nm and 532 nm (the fundamental and second harmonic wavelengths). The characteristics of optical, mo...

MgO/ZnO core/shell nanoparticles were synthesized using the atmosphere plasma jets technique. The physical properties of the synthesized nanoparticles were investigated by a series of techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). XRD and EDS analyses confirmed the pur...

My proceding prepared magnesium oxide nanoparticles using pulsed laser deposition in an air environment. At which deposition of pure Mg and MgO powders prepared as bult with thickness 1 cm under pressure 6 ton and Using a Q-switched Nd: YAG laser with a wavelength of 9nsec of 1064 nm, the influence of energy laser on size material of particle as we...

Advancements in nanomedicine helped scientists design a new class of nanoparticles known as hybrid nanoparticles (core/shell) for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. An essential requirement for the successful use of nanoparticles in biomedical applications is their low toxicity. Therefore, toxicological profiling is necessary to understand the me...

In this work, a pulsed laser ablation technique (PLA) was used to synthesize copper oxide nanoparticles by using A Q-switched Nd: YAG laser at a wavelength of 1064 nm and a frequency of 6 Hz. the number of pulses was 200 pulses at different laser energies ( 400, 500, 600, and 700) mJ to study the effect of these particles on the staphylococcus epid...

The pulsed laser ablation of a metallic target in the liquid (PLAL) is a modern and good method for creating a variety of nanomaterials that have piqued the interest of researchers in the last decade. It is used in this work to prepare zinc nanoparticles and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnPNs and ZnO NPs) using Nd: YAG laser with the two wavelengths (...

In this work, the effect of laser energy on the properties of a CaFe plasma generated by a Q-switched Nd: YAG laser at the fundamental wavelength was studied using spectroscopy. The Boltzmann plot and Stark broadening method were used to measure the main plasma parameters (electron temperature and electron density). The electron temperature ranged...

The paper reports the influence of annealing temperature under vacuum for one hour on the some structural and electrical properties of p-type CdTe thin films were grown at room temperature under high vacuum by using thermal evaporation technique with a mean thickness about 600nm. X-ray diffraction analysis confirms the formation of CdTe cubic phase...

Nano-particles (Ag NPs) are synthesized by using plasma Jet argon gas. The prepared Ag NPs are characterized by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) The measure was performed for different time exposuring 15,30,45 and 60 sec. The results shows the low concentration of nano-silver time expose (15 sec) and very) and high concentration at 60 sec. The...

In this work, the effect of the surrounding laser energy on the spectral plasma characterizations was studied by the interaction of high power Nd: YAG laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm (Q-switched) with material (Cadmium- Cobalt Oxide) in air. The optical emission measurements for plasma showed that the laser peak power has strong and important ef...

Under atmospheric pressure, an argon plasma stream was sustained and its plasma characteristics were examined. The emission spectra of plasma created in a plasma jet system using argon gas were observed for three metals (Ag, Zn, and Cu) for the anode and varied flow rates ranging from 1–4 L/min. at constant voltage, and normal atmospheric pressure....

This paper reports the synthesis of CuO/ZnO and MgO/ZnO core/shell nanoparticles using atmospheric plasma jets. The characterization of the synthesized CuO/ZnO and MgO/ZnO core/shell nanoparticles were confirmed by a series of techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), tra...

In this work, the optical emission characteristics of the ZnO plasma were presented. The plasma parameters: electron temperature (Te), electron density( ne), plasma frequency (fp) and Debye length (λD) were studied with a spectrometer that collects the spectrum ZnO plasma in air produced by Nd:YAG laser,(λ=1064 nm) at ratio X=0.5 in the range of en...

In this work, thin films of cadmium oxide: nickel oxide (CdO: NiO) were prepared by pulsed laser deposition at different pulse energies of Nd: YAG laser. The thin films' properties were determined by various techniques to study the effect of pulse laser energy on thin films' properties. X-ray diffraction measurements showed a mixture of both phases...

In this work, plasma parameters such as electron density (ne), electron temperature (Te), Debye length (λD), plasma frequency (fPlasma), and Debye number (ND) for Cu plasma produced by Pin-Plate DC discharge were studied. Spectroscopic technique was used to analyze and determine spectral emission lines. The value of the electron density for Cu was...

Pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) technique can produce high purity nanoparticles, it is a top-down physical method based on the principle of dividing metal ion bulk precursors into metal atoms, this method is used in this work to synthesis copper nanoparticals (CuPNs) by use Nd: YAG laser with two wavelengths (355 nm) and (532 nm) at energies...

My proceding prepared magnesium oxide nanoparticles using pulsed laser deposition in an air environment. At which deposition of pure Mg and MgO powders prepared as bult with thickness 1 cm under pressure 6 ton and Using a Q-switched Nd: YAG laser with a wavelength of 9nsec of 1064 nm, the influence of energy laser on size material of particle as we...

In this work, the optical emission spectrum technique was used to analyze the optical emission spectrum of (CdO: Fe) plasma produced by laser Nd: YAG with a wavelength of (532) nm, a period of 10 ns, and a focal length of 10 cm in the energy range of (200-500) mJ. The electron temperature (Te) was determined using the method of line intensities rat...

In this work, a planar DC sputter system was successfully designed, built, and assembled. Depending on the optical emission spectroscopy, the fundamental plasma parameters like electron temperature (Te) and electrons density (ne) have been measured using the Boltzmann plot method and Stark broadening with different gas pressures and distances 4 cm...

In this paper A spectroscopic analysis with the help of optical emission spectroscopy (OES) technique on laser-produced copper plasma. Plasma can be generated in room environments from a solid copper target irradiated with a pulsed laser. In this experiment the optical emission spectrum tool was used to analyze the spectrum. The spectrum is extract...

In this current study, we have studied the effect of laser energy and wavelength on heating the laser- ablated Mg plasma plume by using nanosecond Nd: YAG Laser. The creation of an ablated plasma plume was carried out by laser beam bombardment of a pure magnesium target using different laser energies 300-700 mJ with fundamental (1064 nm) and second...

This work aims to analyze and discuss optical emission from the argon plasma jet induced by a high DC voltage source. Spectroscopic diagnostic method using the Boltzmann plot and the Stark broadening estimate the electron temperature and electron density in the atmospheric pressure plasma jet. The value of Te ranged from 0.303 to 0.313 eV as a func...

In this work, the optical emission spectrum technique was used to analyze the optical emission spectrum of (CdO: Fe) plasma produced by laser Nd: YAG with a wavelength of (532) nm, a period of 10 ns, and a focal length of 10 cm in the energy range of (200-500) mJ. The electron temperature (T e) was determined using the method of line intensities ra...

Pure cadmium oxide films (CdO) and doped with zinc were prepared at different atomic ratios using a pulsed laser deposition technique using an ND-YAG laser from the targets of the pressed powder capsules. X-ray diffraction measurements showed a cubic-shaped of CdO structure. Another phase appeared, especially in high percentages of zinc, correspond...

In this work, optical emission spectroscopy (OES) was used to estimate the parameters of plasma electron temperature (T e ), electron density (n e ), plasma frequency (f p ), Debye length (λ D ), and Debye number (N D ). Understanding how an energy pulsed laser affects these variables is also important. Irradiation of pure cadmium using an Nd: YAG...

Fabrication of PSi is generated successfully depending upon photo-electrochemical etching process. The purpose is to differentiate the characterization of the PSi monolayer based on c-silicon solar cell compared to the bulk silicon alone. The surface of ordinary p-n solar cell has been reconstructed on the n-type region of (100) orientation with re...

In, this work, a spectrum of Zinc and Manganese plasma using the emission spectroscopy (O.E.S) ,which was informed of measure parameters of plasma (density of electrons, temperature of electrons,frequency of plasma and length of Debye).on the other hand, the influence of energy on the Morphology and structural characterization of the thin film of p...

In this work; cadmium oxide films (CdO) were fabricated by PLD. The films were analyzed by UV-VIS absorption spectra. Pulsed Nd:YAG laser was used for prepared CdO thin films under vaccum with varying pulse energy. The optical properties of as-grown film such as optical transmittance spectrum, refractive index and energy gap has been measured exper...

ZnO/CuOnanostructure was developed on glass substratesby PLD technique at vacuum pressure 2.5×10⁻²mBar Nd: YAG laser is used, where the laser energy value was 900 mJ, the used wavelength was equaled to 1064 nm. Different three pulses are utilized in this study (800,900, 1000) at the 6-Hertz repetition rate, X=0.5 and 10 cm distance between laser an...

In this work, (CdO)1-x (SnO2)x with x=5% have been deposited on glass and florid tin dioxide (FTO) substrates using laser-induced plasma technique, Thin films were examined by X-ray which showed the thin films are multi-crystalline also the attendance of the CdO cubic shaped and tetragonal tin oxide (SnO2) phases at different laser energy. The grai...