Dr.Ghassan A. Abed

• Doctor of Engineering
• Dijlah University College

Slow-start mechanism in Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) represents the prime technique for usage the operative network resource. The objective of the slow-start mechanism is to create a TCP connection in an optimal state-run for network route rapidly without giving a disproportionate load to the network. Due to the rate of packet transferred is...

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) among the wired and wireless networks, it still has a practical problem; where the congestion control mechanism does not permit the data stream to get complete bandwidth over the existing network links. To solve this problem, many TCP protocols have been introduced with high speed performance. Therefore, an enhan...

Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-Advanced) network is the continuation of 3GPP-LTE (3GPP: 3rd Generation Partnership Project) and it is targeted to advanced development of the requirements of LTE in terms of throughput and coverage. Then, LTE-Advanced is not new as a radio access technology, but it is an evolution of LTE to enhance the performance...

LTE-Advanced was accomplished in late of 2010 and it enhanced the LTE spectrum flexibility over carrier aggregation, further its extended multi antenna broadcast, where that introduced a supporting for the relaying and provided an enhancement in the part of inter-cell interference coordination in heterogeneous network utilizations. Recently, LTE-Ad...

Slow-start mechanism in Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) represents the prime technique for usage the operative network resource. The objective of the slow-start mechanism is to create a TCP connection in an optimal state-run for network route rapidly without giving a disproportionate load to the network. Due to the rate of packet transferred is...

Slow-start mechanism in Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) represents the prime technique for usage the operative network resource. The objective of the slow-start mechanism is to create a TCP connection in an optimal state-run for network route rapidly without giving a disproportionate load to the network. Due to the rate of packet transferred is...

LTE-Advanced was accomplished in late of 2010 and it enhanced the LTE spectrum flexibility over carrier aggregation, further its extended multi antenna broadcast, where that introduced a supporting for the relaying and provided an enhancement in the part of inter-cell interference coordination in heterogeneous network utilizations. Recently, LTE-Ad...

Slow-start mechanism in Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) represents the prime technique for usage the operative network resource. The objective of the slow-start mechanism is to create a TCP connection in an optimal state-run for network route rapidly without giving a disproportionate load to the network. Due to the rate of packet transferred is...

Slow-start mechanism in Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) represents the prime technique for usage the operative network resource. The objective of the slow-start mechanism is to create a TCP connection in an optimal state-run for network route rapidly without giving a disproportionate load to the network. Due to the rate of packet transferred is...

LTE (Long Term Evolution) specified by 3GPP (3 rd Generation Partnership Project) as very high flexible for radio interfacing. LTE deployment started in the last of 2009 and the first LTE release is providing greatest rate reaches to 300 Mbps, delay of radio network not as much of as 5 msec, a spectrum significant increasing in efficiency of spectr...

This book presents the architecture, fundamentals and analysed the functional structure of Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). Besides, the book had focused on the congestion control mechanism used by typical TCP variants. It had reviewed the factors and the parameters that affect the behaviour and the TCP performance, and had illustrated the desi...

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is the dominant protocol in modern communication networks, within which the issues of reliability, data flow and congestion control must be handled efficiently. TCP provides a communication service at an intermediate level between an application program and the Internet Protocol (IP). With the evolution of Third...

The employment of the existing protocols such as Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) cannot achieve the requirements of high-speed networks such as long term evolution advanced (LTE-A) due to the large-bandwidth and low-latency links used in this network. LTE-A network is the continuation of 3GPP-LTE (3GPP: 3rd Generation Partnership Project) and i...

Abstract: Long-Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) is a new mobile radio standard of Long-Term Evolution (LTE) that uses orthogonal frequency division multiple access for the downlink and single carrier frequency division multiple access for the uplink. To relay nodes, LTE-A uses carrier aggregation aside from short delay time addition. This review att...

The advancement in wireless technology with the wide use of mobile devices have drawn the attention of the research and technological communities towards wireless environments, such as Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs), Wireless Wide Area Networks (WWANs), and mobile systems and ad-hoc networks. Unfortunately, wired and wireless networks are exp...

The society of 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is completed developing Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-Advanced) systems as a standard 4G cellular system. This generation goals to produce conditions for a new radio-access technology geared to higher data rates, low latency, and better spectral efficiency. LTE-Advanced is an evolutionar...

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) among the wired and wireless networks, it still has a practical problem; where the congestion control mechanism does not permit the data stream to get complete bandwidth over the existing network links. To solve this problem, many TCP protocols have been introduced with high speed performance. Therefore, an enhan...

Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-Advanced) LTE-Advanced is not new as a radio access technology, but it is an evolution of LTE to enhance the performance. This generation is the continuation of 3GPP-LTE (3GPP: 3rd Generation Partnership Project) and it is targeted for advanced development of the requirements of LTE in terms of throughput and cover...

TCP or Transmission Control Protocol represents one of the prevailing “languages” of the Internet Protocol Suite, complementing the Internet Protocol (IP), and therefore the entire suite is commonly referred to as TCP/IP. TCP provides reliability to data transferring in all end-to-end data stream services on the internet. This protocol is utilized...

The Fourth Generation (4G) of cellular communication systems is a technology emerging from future wireless networks. In recent years, many researchers and scientists worldwide have been working on government and business funded projects, whose goal is an efficient wireless network, borne from all current technologies. By adapting new solutions for...

Society of rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is presently evolving Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-Advanced) as a development of the standard of LTE. This generation aims to produce specifications for a new radio-access technology geared to higher data rates, low latency and greater spectral efficiency. LTE-Advanced is an evolutionary step...

Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-Advanced) network is the continuation of 3GPP-LTE (3GPP: 3rd Generation Partnership Project) and it targets to advanced develop of the requirements of LTE in terms of throughput and coverage. Then, LTE-Advanced is not new as a radio access technology, but it's an evolution of LTE to enhance the performance. The dir...

Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-Advanced) network is the continuation of 3GPP-LTE (3GPP: 3rd Generation Partnership Project) and it targets to advanced develop of the requirements of LTE in terms of throughput and coverage. Then, LTE-Advanced is not new as a radio access technology, but it is an evolution of LTE to enhance the performance. LTE-Ad...

Fourth Generation (4G) of mobile systems is now replacing the 3G and 2G families of standards.Long Term Evolution (LTE) and LTE-Advanced network is the continuation of 3GPP-LTE (3GPP: 3rd Generation Partnership Project) and achieved the next step towards high data rate transfers and support of all multimedia functions and requiremensts. One of the...

Goodput of Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is the number of useful data bits, transferred by the network elements to a certain destinations, per unit of time. In communications networks, network layer, transport layer, and occasionally data link layer protocol overhead is involved in the throughput, but is excluded from the goodput. Goodput is...

The era of new wireless communications is upon us. Eventually it will penetrate into our daily life and change the way we live just like many technological innovations whose original research came from the life needs. To achieve these requirements, the society of 3 rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is presently evolving Long Term Evolution A...

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is a basic communication language and a connection oriented protocol tied with transport layer consists of collection of rules and procedures to control communication between links. There are many TCP variants that modified and developed with respectively with the communications needs. Most of TCP current version...

The communication functions and applications divided into layers, and each device or terminal has a assigned 'stack' in these layers, where that permit each layer to speak and address the corresponding stack in other layers. That is one of the benefits of layering: the ability to change a layer without requiring other layers to change as well, as l...

Major challenge for TCP is to keep up the new and modern generation in communications networks such as networks with large bandwidth and long delay because when TCP applies on next generation networks will suffer from degradation in performance. The reason behind this shortcoming in performance is due to the congestion control mechanisms supported...

In today's fast based technological growth the traditional networks are no longer capable of handling the increasing demands with the best Quality of Service (QoS) which depends on the type of service that network devices provide. The target of this study was to simulate different amount of transferred packets to show the performance of Smart Selec...

TCP performance over high bandwidth network still represents the major challenge, since the large numbers of data flows through bottleneck, TCP forces a high packet loss rate and that causing delays that users are likely to notice. Congestion window (cwnd) is maintained, which indicates the number of Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) segments tha...

Recently, Long-Term Evolution (LTE) is the result of ongoing work by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) toward Fourth Generation (4G) systems. LTE will be used for mobile, fixed and portable wireless broadband access, and will offer several benefits to operators, aimed at increasing capacity, reducing network complexity and thus loweri...

Long Term Evolution (LTE) is a 4G wireless broadband technology developed by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), and it's represent the competitiveness of Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) for the next 10 years and beyond. The concepts for LTE systems have been introduced in 3GPP release 8, with objective of high-data-r...

Despite the larger performance and higher throughput compared to transmission control protocol (TCP) Reno, TCP Vegas still has a few obstacles to be deployed in new networks, such as 4G LTE systems (4th Generation, Long term evolution). One of these obstacles is the Vegas congestion control that is not used in all available bandwidth capacity of th...

Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SGTP) is a reliable connection-oriented transport protocol which is very similar to the well-known and widely used Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). As TCP, STCP implements congestion and flow control, detection of data corruption, loss or duplication of data and supports a selective retransmission mechanism...

Long Term Evolution (LTE) is a 4G wireless broadband technology developed by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) release 8, and it's represent the competitiveness of Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) for the next 10 years and beyond. The concepts for LTE systems have been introduced in 3GPP release 8, with objective of h...

This study presents results from an experimental study of TCP source variants, Reno, Tahoe, Newreno, Sack, Fack and Vegas by monitoring the behavior of cwnd (Congestion Window) of each variant with using Long Term Evolution (LTE) network parameters such as, bandwidth, propagation delay and packet size. All simulations performed using NS-2 network s...

TCP performance over high bandwidth network still represents the major challenge, since the large numbers of data flows through bottleneck, TCP forces a high packet loss rate and that causing delays that users are likely to notice. Congestion window (cwnd) is maintained, which indicates the number of Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) segments tha...

Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-Advanced) should be real broadband wireless network that provides peak data rates equal to or greater than those for wired networks. The major high-level requirements of LTE-Advanced are reduced network cost (cost per bit), better service provisioning and compatibility with 3GPP systems. This paper presents a new m...

Long Term Evolution (LTE) is a 4G wireless broadband technology developed by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) release 8, and it's represent the competitiveness of Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) for the next 10 years and beyond. The concepts for LTE systems have been introduced in 3GPP release 8, with objective of h...