Dr. M. Saiyad Musthafa

The New College (Autonomous) · P.G. & Research Department of Zoology

The activity concentrations of radionuclides (210Po and 210Pb) and the concentrations of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in water, sediment, and two polychaete species (Marphysa madrasi and Namalycastis jaya) collected from 12 stations, denoted as S1 to S12, along the coast of Tamil Nadu, Chennai, in southeast India has been investigated. The ave...

A systemic study on the natural radionuclides such as ²¹⁰ Po and ²¹⁰ Pb in the environmental matrices and biota of Ponnusamuthiram Lake (Kumarapalayam) has been undertaken to establish a baseline data on the radiation profile of Ponnusamuthiram Lake ecosystem. The environmental samples, such as water, sediment, and biota ( Catla catla, Channa punct...

U and ²³⁴ U concentrations, ²³⁸ U/ ²³⁴ U ratios and Na, Ca, Mg, K, Al, As, Cd concentrations were measured in selected surface waters (streams, rivers and lakes), ground waters (dug wells) and underground waters (drill wells and thermal waters) in Quang Nam and Da Nang provinces, Central Vietnam. The mineralization was < 500 mg L ⁻¹ and Al, As, Cd...

Purpose of Review Numerous studies have provided evidence indicating that bioactive compounds derived from Physalis genus, such as ginsenosides, berberine, astragaloside IV, matrine, and tanshinones, could impede the formation and spread of tumors. Hence, the purpose was to identify studies that assessed the anticancer properties of extracts or com...

Kayamkulam estuary, popular for inland fishing, in southern coast of India, Kerala lies in close proximity to major industrialisation set ups (mining companies). In the present baseline study, the heavy metal concentration in the sediments of this estuary were analysed to evaluate its pollution status and consequent risks to the environment. The ex...

Background Habb-E-Shifa , Hamdard Sualin , and Hamdard Joshanda traditional herbal medicines may promote host resistance against infection by bacteria, viruses, and fungi which are easily accessible at inexpensive with no complexity. These herbal medicines are used to cure sore throat, cough, fever, lung cancer, and asthma patients in developing So...

Heavy metal pollution has significant impacts on aquatic fauna and flora. It accumulates in marine organisms, both plants and animals, which are then consumed by humans. This can lead to various health problems, such as organ damage and the development of cancer. Additionally, this pollution causes biological magnification, where the toxicity conce...

210Po is a significant source of ionizing radiation that people are exposed to through food globally. This paper presents the wide range of accumulation level of 210Po in the organs of two species of shellfish including freshwater mussel (Sinanodonta jourdyi) and golden apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata), common freshwater species in Vietnam. There...

Natural radioactive concentration assessment was conducted on sediment, water, and biota obtained on Vaan and Koswari islands in the Tuticorin group of islands, Tamil Nadu, India. For biotic and abiotic components, radiation profiles such as gross alpha, beta, primordial radionuclide, polonium, and lead analyses were performed. The gross α and β ra...

This paper presents the radon concentrations of forty-eight samples collected from lakes, streams and rivers as surface water, from dug well as ground water and from boreholes and thermal waters as underground waters in the Da Nang – Quang Nam, central part of Vietnam. The measured radon concentrations varied from 0.265 (in lake water) to 107 Bq L􀀀...

The source, fate and transport of pollutants are of typical interest in environmental chemistry, which focuses on the presence and effects of chemicals in soil and water bodies. In this setting, minimising pollutant sources and limiting pollution generation are key factors in achieving environmental sustainability. Over the past few decades, novel...

In this study, 21 sediment samples were collected from twenty-one locations along the Northeast coastal area of Tamil Nadu, India to estimate the activity concentration of gross α, gross β, and primordial radionuclides ( ²³⁸ U, ²³² Th, and ⁴⁰ K) using alpha & beta counters, and NaI (Tl) γ-ray detector respectively. Mean activity concentrations were...

The current study sought to determine the levels of radioactivity and heavy metal contamination in 22 dried fish samples collected in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. The study found that there were substantial heavy metals concentrations for Pb, Mn, Cr, Co, and Cd. The concentration of heavy metal Pb being alarmingly high (32.85 to 42.09 mg/kg), followed by C...

Fish biodiversity in Malaysia is under pressure due to overexploitation, pollution, and climatic stressors. Nevertheless, the information on fish biodiversity and species vulnerability status is not well documented in the region. Therefore, a study on fish species composition and abundance in the Malacca Strait of Malaysia has been conducted for th...

Fish biodiversity in Malaysia is under pressure due to overexploitation, pollution, and climatic stressors. Nevertheless, the information on fsh biodiversity and species vulnerability status is not well documented in the region. Therefore, a study on fsh species composition and abundance in the Malacca Strait of Malaysia has been conducted for the...

The sesarmid crab Muradium tetragonum , inhabiting the mangrove, are considered as a key consumer of litter and thereby play an important role in the detritus food chain and energy flow in the mangrove ecosystem. The present investigation was carried out with objectives to enlighten the reproductive system of Muradium tetragonum through histologica...

Leucosia anatum , also known as the pebble crab, is a species of crab that belongs to the family Leucosiidae. Crabs are the most conspicuous and abundant components of the epibenthic macrofauna of the mangrove ecosystems. The present investigation was carried out with the objective of enlightening the reproductive system of L.anatum through histolo...

Ionizing radiation from radionuclides impacts marine aquatic biota and the scope of investigation must be wider than just invertebrates. We intend to detail and illustrate numerous biological effects that occur in both aquatic vertebrates and invertebrates, at various dose rates from all three kinds of ionizing radiation. The characteristics of rad...

The abundance, dominance and diversity of the arachnid population are influenced by their habitat’s microclimate and environmental variables. Here we evaluated a seasonal dominance, diversity and richness pattern of the arachnid population and their guild composition in the Muthupet mangrove forest. Most of the spiders were aggregated from specific...

Vaccines prepared from formalin-killed Streptococcus agalactiae were administered to Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) via three different routes: immersion in a water-based vaccine, injection with an oil-based vaccine, and as a water-based oral vaccine. All vaccination treatments increased lysozyme and peroxidase activity in skin mucus of Nile...

Phenol, an aromatic chemical commonly found in domestic and industrial effluents, upon its introduction into aquatic ecosystems adversely affects the indigenous biota, the invertebrates and the vertebrates. With the increased demand for agrochemicals, a large amount of phenol is released directly into the environment as a byproduct. Phenol and its...

In this modern industrialized era of large-scale production of agrochemicals, various emerging contaminants form the main components of waste water and sludge in most of the developing countries of the world. In this concern, phenol- an inevitable and alarming chemical pollutant in aquatic ecosystem, gains a speedy access into the water bodies as a...

Our present study investigates the effects of Illicium verum enriched diet on growth performance, immune response and disease resistance in Catla catla fingerlings against Aeromonas hydrophila. Experimental groups, i.e., infected C. catla were fed with 5 g/kg, 10 g/kg and 15 g/kg of I. verum diet for a period of 30 days showed a significant increas...

Background: Solanum pubescens Willd, growing wild in the hills of Rayadurg jurisdiction of Southwestern Andhra Pradesh, has gained significant attention among researchers for its diverse folkloric applications, existence of novel phytochemicals and leaf extracts which hold great medicinal promises. To date, the S. pubescens fruit's essential oil (...

Sesarmid crab, Muradium tetragonum, considered a key detritus consumer plays a significant role in the nutrient cycling and energy flow in most of the mangrove environments. Morphological and ultrastructural organization of the M. tetragonum male reproductive system are characterized through transmission electron microscopic studies. Adult males (3...

The background colour of the fibreglass tanks attributed to their significant correlation with light intensity and spectrum serves as one of the major factors influencing growth performance and stress levels of cultured fish. Moreover, it plays a key role in the successful production of the cultured species, which is challenging under confinement c...

The baseline data of radioactivity levels in food is one of the main factors for the assessment of resident's health risk. Gross beta and alpha activity was identified for selected commercial freshwater fish species, including 29 types of fish species by a gas-flow proportional detector. The samples were collected from wholesale markets in Hanoi ci...

210 Po activity was investigated in the eleven organs of two marine fish species, bigeye scad and greater lizardfish at Binh Thuan, Vietnam by alpha-spectrometry. The 210 Po concentration significantly varied among organs, where the highest 210 Po activity of 278 and 512 Bq/kg.w.wt were observed in intestine and lowest of 12.9 and 2.8 Bq/kg.w.wt in...

The ubiquitous presence of microplastics (MPs) in all oceans has become a significant threat to nature as global plastic production continues to increase. Now, and over the next 20 to 30 years, it is the time to address the consequences of the rise of the plastic industry global production of millions of items, ranging from a single pen to automobi...

Background: The current study was performed aiming to evaluate possible changes in the effect on oxygen consumption, hematology and gill histopathological parameters in fish (Chanos chanos) upon exposure to sublethal concentration of the metalloid arsenic. Methods: Bioassay tests were conducted for determining the LC50 values of arsenic for 96 h...

This study aimed to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of Bougainvillea glabra leaf meal on the growth performance, feed utilization, haemato-biochemical responses and disease resistance in juvenile Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Five iso‑nitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated with graded levels of B. glabra leaf mea...

Consumption advice to ensure the health and safety of fish consumers remains urgent to handle the ever-increasing panic over heavy metal toxicity. Moreover, studies of fish consumption rarely focus on the perceptions and awareness of consumers. Considering this, the present study examines the factors determining the willingness to follow fish consu...

Accumulation of pollutants in the aquatic system has a high impact on the reproductive physiology of crustaceans. The objective of the present study was to assess the possible histopathological effects of combined chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin (nurocombi) exposure on reproductive tissue in male freshwater crab Paratelphusa jacquemontii using light...

Karankadu mangrove situated along the Southeast coast of India is known for its unique and extreme species diversity and richness. Ecological functions of this mangrove comprise of nutrient cycling, coastal protection, fish fauna production and carbon sequestration besides providing livelihood to nearby coastal communities. The current study having...

Purpose Freshwater fish Pangasius sutchi was used in this study as a vertebrate model. We evaluated the induction of certain antioxidant enzymes in various vital organs. The radioprotective efficacy of Gymnema sylvestre leaves extract (GS) [25mg/kg Body Weight (B.W)] and its bioactive compound Gymnemagenin (GG) [0.3mg/kg B.W] was compared with Amif...

The present study investigates the effects of Supplementary diet Hygrophila auriculata on the growth, survival, biochemical and haematological parameters of Cirrhinus mrigala. The seaweed was administered to the fish possessing an initial average weight of 14.063 ± 1.828 g. Fish were fed with supplementary diet H. auriculata exhibited significant d...

The ubiquitous presence of microplastics (MPs) across all oceans has emerged as a signi cant marine hazard as worldwide plastic production continues to grow. Now and during the next 20-30 years will be the time to confront the implications of the plastic industry's rise, which has resulted in the large-scale global production of millions of plastic...

The current study investigated the correlation among sperm production (milt volume, spermatocrit and sperm count), sperm motility characters and biochemical composition of seminal plasma during different seasons to estimate the quality of semen in the Spotted scat (Scatophagus argus). The sperm of 120 males were collected over a period of 2 years s...

The present study addressed the effects of Leucas aspera enriched diet in Nile tilapia. Three hundred Nile tilapia were fed Leucas aspera as follows: 0 g kg-1 L. aspera (C-control), 5 g kg-1 L. aspera (T1), 10 g kg-1 L. aspera (T2) and 15 g kg-1 L. aspera (T3). After 30 days of feeding, significant (P<0.05) increase in growth performance was notice...

The study was carried out to screen the mesophilic fungal population in the pond soil of Macrobrachium rosenbergii culture in India. Soil samples were collected from April to September in two independent ponds (A and B) and fungal diversity was identified and enumerated throughout by serial dilution and colonies were subcultured using Potato Dextro...

The present study investigated the protective effect of methanolic leaf extract of Morinda tinctoria. Roxb (MEMT) (200 mg/kg) via feed in supplementation with standard compound silymarin (400 mg/kg). M. tinctoria (Roxb.) belonging to Rubiaceae, is an evergreen shrub indigenous to unfarmed lands of tropical countries. It is considered as an essentia...

Consumption advice to ensure the health and safety of fish consumers remains urgent to handle the ever-increasing panic over heavy metal toxicity. Moreover, studies of fish consumption rarely focus on the perceptions and awareness of consumers. Considering this, the present study examines the knowledge and perceptions of the risks and benefits of f...

Understanding concentration and mobility behavior of radionuclides in soil and plant plays an important role and application. In this study, radionuclides in 28 soil layers and tea plant parts samples at Hoa Binh, Vietnam were investigated by gamma spectrometry. The results showed that the 137Cs concentration significantly decreased with the depth,...

Eight weeks feeding experiment was managed to evaluate the impacts of dietary addition of pineapple peel powder (PAPP) and Lactobacillus plantarum CR1T5 (LP) individual or mixed on growth performance, skin mucus and serum immunities, as well as disease resistance of Nile tilapia. Fish (average weight 20.91 ± 0.11 g) were fed four diets: Diet 1 (0 g...

Eight weeks feeding experiment was managed to evaluate the impacts of dietary addition of pineapple peel powder (PAPP) and Lactobacillus plantarum CR1T5 (LP) individual or mixed on growth performance, skin mucus and serum immunities, as well as disease resistance of Nile tilapia. Fish (average weight 20.91 ± 0.11 g) were fed four diets: Diet 1 (0 g...

Acute toxicity (96 h LC50) of phenol was analyzed in the cat fish Mystus vittatus in static bio-assay over a 96-h exposure period using probit method. The 24, 48, 72, and 96 h LC50 values (with 95% confidence limits) of phenol for fingerling catfish were found out as 13.98, 13.17, 12.62, and 12.21 mg/l respectively. Investigations pertaining to the...

In the situation of radiation triage, accidental exposure to uranium, or uranium contamination in food or water; haematopoietic decline or bone marrow sickness is observed in the aftermath followed by other systemic effects. Most studies done previously have been on cytogenetic analysis in blood lymphocytes of uranium miners wherein causal relation...

The effects of Azomite, a natural mineral of volcanic ash, on the sex steroid hormone (SSH) levels and milt quality indices (MQI); namely, the milt volume, motility of spermatozoa, its duration and sperm count, were evaluated in tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). Several reports have documented the positive effect of the Azomite supplementation on...

The Bioaccumulation studies of natural radionuclides such as 210Po & 210Pb was carried out to explain the radiation levels of Kasimedu fishing harbour, Chennai, southeast coast of India. Abiotic components like water, sediment and biotic components (Fish species: Synagris japonicas, Megalapsis cordyla, Engraulis indicus and Sciaena aneus) crustacea...

In the current study, effects of apple cider vinegar (ACV) on some immunological parameters and gene expression related to immune system, growth and antioxidant system in zebrafish were evaluated. Fish (mean weight 67 mg) were fed four diets with ACV at 0%, 1.5%, 3% and 4.5% for 8 weeks. At the end of the trial, higher complement titer and alkaline...

Medicinal plant has been applied as an alternative strategy for antibiotics and chemotherapeutics for controlling the outbreak of diseases in tilapia farming. In this study, five doses of Elephantopus scaber extract (ESE) were added to the basal diet at 0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 g kg-1 feed of Nile tilapia fingerlings (13.92 ± 0.06 g initial weight) in...

The present systematic experiment was conducted to estimate the impact of behavioral and pathological indices on freshwater fish Channa punctatus exposed to sub-lethal concentration (5 ppm) of an organophosphorus insecticide chlorpyrifos (CPF). Fish were segregated into four experimental groups (G1, control; G2, 10 days; G3, 20 days; and G4, 30 day...

Fish oil and their compounds derived from the same have immense applications in the improvement of health, brain development, enhancing immunity etc. This study aimed at the supplementation of such a compound alkoxy glycerol derived from shark liver oil in fish diet and thereby analyzing growth as well as immune parameters of Oreochromis niloticus....

The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of supplementation of inulin on histology, immuno‐haematological and biochemical parameters of Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) fingerlings with an initial average body weight of 7.14 ± 0.05 g. Inulin was supplemented at four different concentrations (control) 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 g/kg in...

The purpose of the present study was to find out the effect of dietary enriched button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus at 1%, 5%, and 10% levels on growth performance, hematology, nonspecific immune responses, and disease resistance in catfish, Clarias gariepinus against Flavobacterium columnare for a period of four weeks. The percentage weight gain an...

Using Zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model organism, we evaluated the radioprotective and antioxidant effects of the Indian traditional medicine Shilajit exposed to X-Ray. The Zebrafish were divided into three experimental groups and control group, each group containing ten fish. The three experimental fish groups, group I, group II and group III wer...

2-((4-Methylpiperazin-1-yl)(thiophen-2-yl)methyl)hydrazinecarboxamide (L 1 ) and (2-(piperazin-1-yl(thiophen-2-yl)methyl)hydrazinecarboxamide (L 2 ) from the family of thiophene-2-carboxaldehyde derivatives have been synthesized. These new compounds have good antibacterial as well as antifungal activity and also less toxic in nature. Exemplary bind...

The effect of diet supplemented with Shilajit, a multi-component natural mineral substance on the antioxidant activity, immune response, and disease resistance in freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) against Aeromonas hydrophila is reported. The total hemocyte count (THC) and phagocytic activity significantly increased with 2 g kg−1...

For the first time the occurrence of a chytrid, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) fungus infection in the fresh water prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii in grow out farms is reported. An extensive survey carried out between 2007 and 2011 in 15 farms (F) indicates that B. dendrobatidis is responsible for major pandemics in M. rosenbergii culture pon...

A feeding trail was conducted on juvenile of angel fish Pterophyllum scalare to investigate the effect of three different diets such as animal based protein, plant based protein and mixed protein on growth and survival rate of the fish. Juvenile Pterophyllum scalare were divided into three groups, fed with three different protein based diets along...

Effects of tributyltin (TBT) on antioxidant [total superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR)] and DNA damage levels in the spermatozoa were studied and reported here for the first time in the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Three groups of (n = 10 in each group) fishes were exposed to three...