Dr. Gulam Mustafa

• M Pharma (Pharmaceutics), Ph. D (Pharmaceutics).
• Professor (Assistant) at Shaqra University

SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, claimed multiple lives in a very short span of time. Seeing the urgency of situation, vaccines were developed in hitherto unseen time frame. Vaccines definitely passed the test of safety and efficacy in clinical trials, but post mass vaccination data revealed cases of fatal adverse conditions in the temp...

The treatment of infectious diseases and immunizations has experienced a paradigm shift in recent years. With the advent of biotechnology and genetic engineering, not only have various disease-specific biologicals been developed, but an emphasis has also been focused on the effective delivery of such biologicals. The majority of active pharmaceutic...

Breast cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related morbidity and mortality in women worldwide. Early diagnosis and an appropriate therapeutic approach for all cancers are climacterics for a favorable prognosis. Targeting the immune system in breast cancer is already a clinical reality with notable successes, specifically with checkpoi...

Tuberculosis (TB) represents a major public health problem, globally affecting children and adults. Lymphatic TB is the most common type of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, which affects the peripheral lymph nodes. This burgeoning disease requires a long-term treatment of multiple antibiotics to kill Mycobacterium tuberculosis, resulting in an increase...

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second leading neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by severe locomotor abnormalities. Levodopa (L-DOPA) treatment has been considered a mainstay for the management of PD; however, its prolonged treatment is often associated with abnormal involuntary movements and results in L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID)...

Injectable hydrogels (IHs) are smart biomaterials and are the most widely investigated and versatile technologies, which can be either implanted or inserted into living bodies with minimal invasion. Their unique features, tunable structure and stimuli-responsive biodegradation properties make these IHs promising in many biomedical applications, inc...

Drug product performance studies are used in developing new and generic drug products. There are several concerns to be addressed by a pharmaceutical company during the development of a drug product, starting from the active pharmaceutical ingredient to the robust production process. The assessment of the formulation is important because bioavailab...

In recent years, the growing resistance of microorganisms to antibiotics has caused severe health issues. Novel uses of metallic compounds have been found by integrating current technologies such as nanotechnology and material science with the natural antibacterial activity of metals. Nanoparticles (NPs) are increasingly being used to target bacter...

Corona virus disease (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, is rapidly spreading all around the world and is posing a threat to mankind. Since SARS-CoV-2 is a novel virus, little is known about it and no effective drug is available for its treatment. While many drugs are being evaluated, an effective therapeutic measure is still lacking. SARS-CoV-2 like...

Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) is isotropic mixture of optimum ratio of oils, surfactants, and co-surfactants, which emulsify to nanostructure conditions under gentle agitation encountered in gastro-intestinal tract carrying poorly soluble therapeutics. Most of the therapeutics of herbal origin (like ginkgolide, oleanolic acid,...

Background: 3D printing/Additive Manufacturing seems a pragmatic approach to realize the quest for a truly customized and personalized drug delivery. 3DP technology, with innovations in pharmaceutical development and an interdisciplinary approach to finding newer Drug Delivery Systems can usher a new era of treatments to various diseases. The true...

Objective: Formulate a nanocarrier for enhancing the anti-inflammatory activity of thymoquinone (Tq), a major active constituent of Nigella sativa.Methods: Nanoformulation of Tq was developed by low energy emulsification techniques. NanoTqs were pre-screened by different thermodynamic stability tests, followed by in vitro release, zeta potential, v...

The aim of the present study was to develop and validate a new, simple, selective and economical stability indicating RP-HPLC method for the quantitative determination of resveratrol in bulk drug and pharmaceutical formulations. A Box-Behnken design supported optimization was carried out to identify the optimum chromatographic conditions. The devel...

Brain disorders remain the world's leading cause of disability, and account for more hospitalizations and prolonged care than almost all other diseases combined. The majority of drugs, proteins and peptides do not readily permeate into brain due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), thus impeding treatment of these conditions. Attention...

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the brain targeting potential of chitosan-coated oil in water nanoemulsions (CSNE(ROP)) delivered intranasally in haloperidol-induced Parkinson's disease rat models. Methods: Chitosan-coated nanoemulsion (CSNE(ROP)) was developed through aqueous titration followed by a high pressure homogenization me...

Resveratrol, a potent natural antioxidant, possesses a wide range of pharmacological activities, but its oral bioavailability is very low due to its extensive hepatic and presystemic metabolism. The aim of the present study was to formulate a kinetically stable nanoemulsion (o/w) using vitamin E:sefsol (1:1) as the oil phase, Tween 80 as the surfac...

The aim of the present study was to formulate, optimize and evaluate acyclovir (ACV)-loaded nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC). NLCs were developed using a high pressure homogenization technique. Preliminary screening of solid lipid, liquid lipid and surfactant was undertaken to prepare a stable dispersion of NLCs. The formulation of ACV-NLC was op...

Abstract The effectiveness of intranasal drug delivery for brain targeting has emerged as a hope of remedy for various CNS disorders. The nose to brain absorption of therapeutic molecules claims two effective pathways, which include trans-neuronal for immediate action and para-neuronal for delayed action. To evaluate the contribution of both the pa...

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to formulate and evaluate nanosuspension of Valsartan (VAL), a poorly water soluble and low bioavailable drug (solubility of 0.18 mg mL(-1); 23% of oral bioavailability) with the aim of improving the aqueous solubility thus the bioavailability and consequently better anti-hypertensive activity. Method...

Abstract The effectiveness of intranasal drug delivery for brain targeting has emerged as a hope of remedy for various CNS disorders. The nose to brain absorption of therapeutic molecules claims two effective pathways, which include trans-neuronal for immediate action and para-neuronal for delayed action. To evaluate the contribution of both the pa...

Ropinirole, a non-ergoline dopamine agonist has considerable neuroprotective property and is extensively used in both monotherapy as well as in combination therapy for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. It is also being used in restless leg night syndrome and in levodopa associated dyskinesia. Its low brain bioavailability and high systemic side...

Stability-indicating high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method for the analysis of ropinirole HCl was developed and validated as per the ICH guidelines. The method employed the mobile phase and toluene-ethyl acetate-6 M ammonia solution (5:6:0.5, v/v/v) was optimized with the help of a design expert. Densitometric analysis of ropin...

An ultra high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometric method (UHPLC/ESI-Q-TOF-MS) for the analysis of dopamine (DA) in Wistar rat brain homogenate has been developed and validated. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Waters ACQUITY UPLC™ BEH C18 (100.0 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 µm) column using isocra...

A kinetically stable ultra-fine oil-water (o/w) emulsion containing Perphenazine and blends of long and medium chain triglycerides was prepared. The purpose of the ultra-fine emulsion was to increase the oral bioavailability of Perphenazine. The formulations were prepared using a low energy emulsification phase titration method. The optimized formu...

The primary aim of this study was to investigate the potential use of chitosan nanoparticles as a delivery system to enhance the brain targeting efficiency of bromocriptine (BRC) following intranasal (i.n.) administration. The BRC loaded chitosan nanoparticles (CS NPs) were prepared by ionic gelation of CS with tripolyphosphate anions. These NPs ha...

A quantitative method using precoated silica gel-60 Lichrosphere high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) plates, automated band wise sample application, and n-hexane: acetone: formic acid (2:1:0.025 v/v/v) as mobile phase, has been developed and validated for the analysis of psoralen in marketed formulations and novel solid lipid nanopar...

Chitosan (CS) nanoparticles of thymoquinone (TQ) were prepared by the ionic gelation method and are characterized on the basis of surface morphology, in vitro or ex vivo release, dynamic light scattering, and X-ray diffractometry (XRD) studies. Dynamic laser light scattering and transmission electron microscopy confirmed the particle diameter was b...

A highly sensitive ultra high pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC-MSMS) method for estimation of ropinirole in rat brain homogenate and plasma has been validated. The method was successfully used for the degradation kinetics in different stress condition and regulated temperature. The chromatographic separation was achieved using isocratic mobile...

The fate and brain targeting effects of ropinirole loaded true nanoemulsion (NEROP� by intranasal administration were assessed and the effects of homogenization was evaluated for any further uptake by olfactory nerves. Formulations (true and homogenized nanoemulsion) were characterized for drug content, percentage transmittance, globule size and ze...

A simple, precise and stability-indicating thin-layer chromatographic method for estimation of ropinirole HCl was developed and validated as per ICH guidelines. The mobile phase consisted of acetone–cyclohexane–6 M ammonia solution (8:5.5:0.5, v/v/v). Scanning the drug was done at 250 nm. Compact spots for ropinirole HCl were found at an R f value...

Intranasal administration is a non-invasive and effective way for the delivery of drugs to brain that circumvents the blood- brain barrier (BBB). Taking this into account it was planned to formulate a thermodynamically stable and infinite dilutable nanoemulsion (o/w) encapsulating Ropinirole (rop), an anti-Parkinson drug, using a surfactant in a mi...

IntroductionUsesEffects of CDs on Important Drug Properties in FormulationConclusions References

A simple, highly sensitive, isocratic stability indicating reversed phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method with UV detection at 247 nm was developed and validated for analysis of atorvastatin (AT). Retention time of the AT was found to be 4.02 min. A mobile phase consisting of 0.05 M sodium phosphate buffer and methanol (3:7...

Evidence of differences in bioavailability from different oral formulations of the same therapeutic agents had become obvious by the early 1960s. The consequent 40 years have produced the body of scientific belief, debate, and policy on the subject of bioequivalence. The motivating force behind many of these events has been the continued interest o...

The objective of the present investigation was to design a thermodynamically stable and dilutable nanoemulsion formulation of AT-Ca with minimum surfactant concentration that could improve its solubility as well as its oral bioavailability. The composition of optimized nanoemulsion formulation was Sefsol 218 and oleic acid (1:1) 10% w/w, as an oil...

Shilajit is a pale-brown to blackish-brown exudates obtained from layer of rocks in many mountain ranges (especially the Himalayan ranges of the Indian subcontinent) of the world. Its curative potentials were found documented in ancient books and were used to treat many ailments since antiquity days. Major portion of Shilajit was found to consist o...

An aqueous dispersion of solid fat nanoparticles of babchi oil (BOSLN) was prepared by means of the hot water titration method. Surface morphology was determined by HR-TEM which revealed a fairly spherical shape of the formulations. Further they were evaluated for in vitro drug release characteristics and ex vivo skin permeation profile, zeta poten...

An aqueous dispersion of solid fat nanoparticles of babchi oil (BOSLN) was prepared by means of the hot water titration method. Surface morphology was determined by HR-TEM which revealed a fairly spherical shape of the formulations. Further they were evaluated for in vitro drug release characteristics and ex vivo skin permeation profile, zeta poten...

Nanoemulsions/microemulsions are thermodynamically stable transparent (translucent) isotropic dispersions of oil and water stabilized by an interfacial film of surfactant and cosurfactant molecules having the droplet size of less than 100 nm. Because of their thermodynamic stability, they can be manufactured without utilizing high input of energy....

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The aim of present investigation was to develop novel oil-in-water (o/w) nanoemulsion based formulation containing atorvas-tatin for enhancing its oral bioavailability. Solubility of atorvastatin in oil, surfactant and co-surfactant was determined to select the for-mulation ingredients. Pseudo ternary phase diagrams were constructed by aqueous titr...

The search for pioneering phytotherapeutic approaches based on the use of new herbal compounds is gaining immense attention in modern therapy because of the lack of toxic adverse effects. Previous in vitro studies have demonstrated tea tree essential oil (TEO) as a valuable phytotherapeutic agent for a variety of purposes, covering the composition,...

New drug discovery programs produce molecules with poor physico-chemical properties, making delivery of these molecules at the right proportion into the body a big challenge to the formulation scientist. The various options available to overcome the hurdle include solvent precipitation, micronisation/nanonization using high-pressure homogenization...

HIV/AIDS currently affects about 31 million people worldwide. Many infected people do not receive proper care because of a lack of resources or education about current treatment options. Even where treatments are available, they are often not optimal because of poor adherence, adverse events or resistance. In developed countries, HIV/AIDS is quickl...